Acute Abdomen Caused by Spontaneous Perforation of Hydatid Liver Cyst

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate acute abdomen cases that developed as a result of spontaneous perforations of hydatid liver cysts in our regions, where hydatid cyst disease is endemic. Methods: The records of 218 hydatid cyst patients who underwent surgery at our clinic between 01.01.2012 and 01.08.2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Twelve (5.5%) cases who required emergency surgery due to the rupture of hydatid cysts were included in this study. The cases were reviewed with respect to age, sex, current symptoms, radiological findings, laboratory results and post-operative results. Results: Ten (83.3%) of the 12 patients were females, and two (16.7%) were males, and their me an age was 40.4 y (23–69). All patients with spontaneous perforations had hydatid liver cysts. Eleven of the patients had a single cyst, and one had multiple cysts. Nine patients were diagnosed with ultrasonography (US), and three patients were diagnosed with computed tomography (CT). Conclusions: Hydatid cystic rupture should be considered in cases of an acute abdomen in regions where hydatid cystic disease is endemic. We believe that patients with a single cyst that is peripherally located in the liver ha ve a high risk of spontaneous perforation. Patients who are diagnosed with hydatid cystic rupture should undergo emergency surgery, followed by medical treatment