A smart adaptive lighting system for a multifunctional room

Young professionals and millennials who live alone or are living in small groups and seek practicality, trigger the trend of smaller, modular and micro houses and apartments which are faster and cheaper to build. Multifunctional or flexible room is one of the important parts of the home. This particular room needs well-designed lighting for comfort. It should give an adequate illuminance for every activity and even pattern of light. This paper presents the factors for developing the smart adaptive lighting system which can provide lighting comfort for the occupants. The simulation is being done in 5 scenarios in the LJMU BRE 2010 house model using DIALux Software with the dimmable type of LED independent luminaire. The proposed system structure uses a wireless sensor network (WSN) and big data processing as the main components. The design employs an Artificial Intelligence (AI) sub-system which has the capability to predict and adaptively regulate the illumination level based on the occupant needs or routine. The simulation shows that this system is able to give even lighting pattern for luminance values 200, 250, 300, 500, and 750 lux which are needed by the occupants. With the possibility of user-defined lighting values, this system can be developed to accommodate the needs of special groups of occupants such as the elder or disabled groups. © 2019 IEEE

Rapid Synchronization for Ultra-Wideband Communication Systems

Very high data rate packet systems, such as those based on ultra-wideband (UWB) signaling, face an increasingly important challenge – UWB radio uses sub-nanosecond pulses to transmit information, resulting is high resolution in time implying that the acquisition algorithm must employ sub-pulse duration steps, thereby leading to a large search space, which consequently leads to large mean acquisition time (MAT). The role of synchronization is essentially to determine the relative delay of the received signal with respect to a template signal in the receiver. This paper addresses coarse synchronization in UWB multipath environments taking into account the specific properties of UWB signals. Since we are interested in low signalto-noise ratio environments, the serial search technique is considered and the performance measure is the MAT. This shows how the design of the correlation parameters affects the time to achieve synchronization

Female Genital Tuberculosis Among Infertile Women and Its Contributions to Primary and Secondary Infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is an infectious widespread disease among young women. This meta-analysis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Female Genital Tuberculosis among infertile women and its contribution to primary and secondary infertility. A PubMed, MEDLINE, world cat log, Lens.org, direct Google search, Google Scholar, and Researchgate, from 1971 to July 17, 2021, were searched using the keywords; prevalence, epidemiology, urogenital tuberculosis, FGTB, infertile women, infertility complaints, and FGTB testing methods. Data extracted and meta-analysis was performed. 42 studies were selected with a total of 30918 infertile women. Of these, the pooled prevalence of FGTB was 20% (15-25%; 95%CI; I2 99.94%), and the prevalence of overall infertility, primary infertility, and secondary infertility among FGTB-population were 88%, 66% and 34%, respectively. The proportion of FGTB is remarkable among infertile women globally. The biggest burden of the disease is presented in the low-income countries followed by the lower middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries

ULTRA-WIDEBAND (UWB) FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS

UWB communication refers to impulse radio technology, in which wireless data is transferred using time domain modulation of data and extremely narrow radio impulses (i.e. nanosecond duration) that occupy typically several GHz of bandwidth. In this paper, we simulate an indoor environment whereby the channel characteristics model of UWB is observed - Saleh- Valenzuela-4 channel model is adopted-, and tested for the feasibility of UWB system in transmitting real time multimedia as incorporating a wireless link, which UWB is the first candidate to transfer these types of data due to its features, i.e. very high data rate (up to 500Mbps), multipath immunity, LPI. Certain aspects were emphasized such as multiple user and channel effects. Designing a wireless link for a streaming video and audio with a wire-like quality was the main objective of this paper

Six-Gear Roadmap Towards the Smart Factory

The fourth industrial revolution is the transformation of industrial manufacturing into smart manufacturing. The advancement of digital technologies that make the trend Industry 4.0 are considered as the transforming force that will enable this transformation. However, Industry 4.0 digital technologies need to be connected, integrated and used effectively to create value and to provide insightful information for data driven manufacturing. Smart manufacturing is a journey and requires a roadmap to guide manufacturing organizations for its adoption. The objective of this paper is to review different methodologies and strategies for smart manufacturing implementation to propose a simple and a holistic roadmap that will support the transition into smart factories and achieve resilience, flexibility and sustainability. A comprehensive review of academic and industrial literature was preformed based on multiple stage approach and chosen criteria to establish existing knowledge in the field and to evaluate latest trends and ideas of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing technologies, techniques and applications in the manufacturing industry. These criteria are sub-grouped to fit within various stages of the proposed roadmap and attempts to bridge the gap between academia and industry and contributes to a new knowledge in the literature. This paper presents a conceptual approach based on six stages. In each stage, key enabling technologies and strategies are introduced, the common challenges, implementation tips and case studies of industrial applications are discussed to potentially assist in a successful adoption. The significance of the proposed roadmap serve as a strategic practical tool for rapid adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies for smart manufacturing and to bridge the gap between the advanced technologies and their application in manufacturing industry, especially for SMEs

The role of hygrothermal modelling for different housing typologies by estimating indoor relative humidity, energy usage and anticipation of fuel poverty

The nature of deem-to-satisfy standards in building energy performance results in a lack of insight over their consequences. As a result, there is a huge gap between regulation and implementation in the construction industry. The procedure proposed in this article aims to implement the probabilistic approach method to design retrofitting solutions for building energetic rehabilitation and relative humidity management. This is completed by considering the uncertainty associated with a building's physical parameters, savings estimation, weather forecast, occupants' behaviour and building ventilation. A computational hygrothermal modelling approach is utilised to emphasise the differences in the indoor conditions for two typologies of residential houses common in the United Kingdom, located in three cities with different weather conditions and fuel poverty levels: Liverpool, Aberdeen, and Kent. The first model corresponds to houses built to standards from the 1920s′, with solid external walls, and the second house model uses the 2010s′ construction solution, where the double-glazed windows and the wall insulation materials are implemented. The indoor temperature is demonstrated to be efficient in the range between 16 °C - 20 °C. Lowering the current temperature set point to about 16 °C will give healthier indoor conditions regardless of dwelling, highlighting the need to review the regulation. The simulation shows that 2% heating energy can be conserved for indoor thermal comfort and extensive environmental benefits. On particular assumption of energy use per household, this work will annually contribute to the carbon footprint reduction of approximately 635.8–847 thousand tonnes

Developing a Reliable Shallow Supervised Learning for Thermal Comfort using Multiple ASHRAE Databases

The artificial intelligence (AI) system faces the challenge of insufficient training datasets and the risk of an uncomfortable user experience during the data gathering and learning process. The unreliable training data leads to overfitting and poor system performance which will result in wasting operational energy. This work introduces a reliable data set for training the AI subsystem for thermal comfort. The most reliable current training data sets for thermal comfort are ASHRAE RP-884 and ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II, but the direct use of these data for learning will give a poor learning result of less than 60% accuracy. This paper presents the algorithm for data filtering and semantic data augmentation for the multiple ASHRAE databases for the supervised learning process. The result was verified with the visual psychrometric chart method that can check for overfitting and verified by developing the Internet of Things (IoT) control system for residential usage based on shallow supervised learning. The AI system was a Wide Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which is simple enough to be implemented in a local node. The filtering and semantic augmentation method can increase the accuracy to 96.1%. The control algorithm that was developed based on the comfort zone identification can increase the comfort acknowledgement by 6.06% leading to energy saving for comfort. This work can contribute to 717.2 thousand tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year which is beneficial for a more sustainable thermal comfort system and the development of a reinforced learning system for thermal comfort

The Voltammetric Detection of Cadaverine Using a Diamine Oxidase and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Functionalised Electrochemical Biosensor

Cadaverine is a biomolecule of major healthcare importance in periodontal disease; however, current detection methods remain inefficient. The development of an enzyme biosensor for the detection of cadaverine may provide a cheap, rapid, point-of-care alternative to traditional measurement techniques. This work developed a screen-printed biosensor (SPE) with a diamine oxidase (DAO) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) functionalised electrode which enabled the detection of cadaverine via cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The MWCNTs were functionalised with DAO using carbodiimide crosslinking with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), followed by direct covalent conjugation of the enzyme to amide bonds. Cyclic voltammetry results demonstrated a pair of distinct redox peaks for cadaverine with the C-MWCNT/DAO/EDC-NHS/GA SPE and no redox peaks using unmodified SPEs. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to isolate the cadaverine oxidation peak and a linear concentration dependence was identified in the range of 3–150 µg/mL. The limit of detection of cadaverine using the C-MWCNT/DAO/EDC-NHS/GA SPE was 0.8 μg/mL, and the biosensor was also found to be effective when tested in artificial saliva which was used as a proof-of-concept model to increase the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of this device. Thus, the development of a MWCNT based enzymatic biosensor for the voltammetric detection of cadaverine which was also active in the presence of artificial saliva was presented in this study

Management and socio-economic conditions of fishermen of the Baluhar Baor, Jhenaidah, Bangladesh

This study was conducted on the management of the Baluhar Baor and fishermen’s socio-economic conditions of the baor in Jhenaidah district, Bangladesh. Data were collected by interviews, FGDs and CIs with key informants. This baor was managed under Oxbow Lake Project-1 of Department of Fisheries of Bangladesh government. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhina cirrhosus, Cyprinus carpio and Ctenopharyngodon idella were commonly stocked at the composition of 34%, 13%, 12%, 12%, 15% and 14%, respectively. Kochal, komor and chack fishing were used for harvesting and yearly production was 750 kg/ha. While studying the socio-economics, 58% fishermen were lived in joint families. 78% fishermen used kancha sanitary latrine which reflects their poor hygienic condition but they used tubewell for drinking water. 58% fishermen were with 0.041 hectare lands and 74% lived in kancha house. The annual income varied from BDT 15,000 to 60,000. Education level was found very low and only 18% completed their primary education. Majority fishermen (82%) visited village doctor for health services due to low income and lack of knowledge. All fishermen were fully dependent on baor fishery for their livelihood. It is possible to uplift their socio-economic by managing the baor with improved technology