Monotone rearrangement in averaging classes

We consider a general collection of function classes on the interval $[0,1]$ defined in terms of certain averages and show that monotone rearrangement does not increase the class constant in each case. The formulation includes BMO and $A_2$ with a special choice of the norm and, respectively, characteristic.Comment: 8 page

Проблемы и тенденции развития политико-правового поля государственно-частного партнерства в России

The article is dedicated to the study o/f political and legal terms for Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) development while PPP becomes the issue of today for Russian political and social-economic life. The article covers particularly the analysis of the effective legislation of PPP at the federal and regional levels and appraisal of the current political trends regarding the development of legal partnership between the government and companies in the connection with the legislation. The author provides research especially of the prospects of the PPP federal Draft Law and reveals key specifics and problems of the legal environment of PPP in districts of the Russian Federation.Статья посвящена рассмотрению политико-правовых основ развития государственно-частного партнерства в контексте актуализации данного явления для российской политической и социально-экономической жизни. В частности, в работе проведен анализ действующей законодательной базы ГЧП на федеральном и региональном уровнях, и в этом контексте произведена оценка текущих политических трендов в отношении освоения механизма партнерства власти и бизнеса. Особое внимание уделено изучению и анализу перспектив проекта Федерального закона «О государственно-частном партнерстве», а также выявлению ключевых особенностей и проблем правовой среды на уровне субъектов Федерации

Tea Trade in Russian Empire in Middle of 19th Century

The business activity of merchants of the middle of the 19th century, who chose the tea trade as the main area of their investments, is investigated. The analysis of the Russian tea trade in the middle of the 19th century in the context of its organizational specifics is very limitedly presented in Russian historiography, which confirms the novelty of this scientific study. The key moments of the organization of trade operations with the Chinese in Kyakhta are considered. The range of problems typical for the entrepreneurial practice of tea merchants of this era is presented and analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the trade in smuggled tea and the production of its surrogate versions as the main obstacles to the productive work of the tea market in the interests of the merchants and the state. It is noted that the trade in illegal goods was carried out by colleagues who did not know how or did not want to make a profit in an honest way, and the marginal phenomenon itself was so massive that the merchants could not liquidate the illegal market on their own. As a result, in order to resolve many issues, merchants had to interact with various structures of the country’s authorities. It is shown that the remote format of interaction between large entrepreneurs and their sales agents in Kyakhta had certain inconveniences and brought profits to tea business owners much less than the possible maximum

Институциональная среда и особенности развития государственно-частного партнерства на Западе: пример для российского опыта

The article is dedicated to the analysis of western countries experience of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) development while PPP becomes the issue of today for Russian political and social-economic life. The article covers especially the study of definitions and meanings of PPP, the analysis of institutions and specificity of Public-Private Partnership practices in western countries which have advanced experience in this field.Статья посвящена анализу опыта западных государств в вопросе развития механизма государственно-частного партнерства в контексте актуализации данного явления для российской политической и социально-экономической жизни. Особое внимание отведено рассмотрению трактовок и сути механизма ГЧП в западном мире, анализу развития и специфики институциональной среды, а также изучению практического опыта проектов государственно-частного партнерства в передовых в этой сфере западных государствах

Perspectives of utilization of renewable energy sources in the Central Volga regions

Problem on utilization of solar and wind energy is considered. Possibility of practical utilization of renewable energy sources is studied on the basis of analysis of materials on radiation and wind regimes in the Central Volga Region with an account of technical characteristics of solar and wind power plants. Results of multiyear observations on meteorological stations of the above region. Calculation data proving advisability of the solar and wind power plants operation under conditions of the Central Volga Region were applied

On the efficiency of using wind-power resources for power production

The problem of using wind power to save mineral natural resources and preserve the ecological balance of a territory is considered. The territory of Tatarstan Republic (Russian Federation) is taken as an example. The special attention is paid to determination of wind-power resources in cold and warm periods for correct placement of wind-power installations in the considered region. On the basis of climatic wind characteristics the quantitative data are obtained that confirm expedience of the wind-power installations exploitation in the regions with moderate wind velocity