Development Of Portable Linear Positioning Table For Drilling Machine

Drilling operation is an operation which produces holes by bringing a rotating cutter into contact with the workpiece. Drilling operation is commonly done in drill press, however some of the time; it is done on mills or lathes. Holding parts to be drilled is one of major problems faced by the students. If the material has many holes to be drilled, then the procedure adopted is by marking out with a center punch, setting on the machine (Drill Press Machine), and holding the workpiece. This is time consuming and dangerous as the students need to hold the material they throughout the drilling process. This project presents an innovative linear sliding table to ease the operator during drilling process. In addition, the clamping system will also be provided for better rigidity and less movement of the workpiece during the drilling process. Some toggle clamps are fixed on the table to hold the position of the part securely from moving throughout the machining cycle. Furthermore, this project focuses on the execution of the drilling process in one single clamping. A simple and economic design is proposed

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study

Background: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results: NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion: As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population