Office endometrial sampling: a comparison between Endosampler and Karman cannula number 4

Background: Endometrial aspiration biopsy is one of the primary steps in diagnostic evaluation of a women presenting with suspected endometrial pathology. The aim of present study was to compare specimen adequacy, ease of doing the procedure, patient comfort and cost effectiveness in office endometrial sampling by endosampler vs Karman cannula number 4.Methods: This was a prospective comparative study where 102 patients were included. In 50% of patients, endosampler was used and Karman cannula was used in the rest. All procedures were noted, analysed and done in outpatient department and various parameters like specimen adequacy, pain score, ease of doing the procedure were analysed and compared in both groups.Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.1(±10) years with comparable distribution in the two groups. The parity was comparable in both groups. Authors further analysed the data on the basis of operator experience. The mean score of ease of insertion based on the experience of residents of 2 years was 3.1±1.48; 4.0±1.96 and 3.5±1.5; 3.7±2 in endosampler and Karman cannula group respectively. This difference was significant in the endosampler group (P: <0.001). The difference in pain score in two groups was not significant.  The specimen obtained was adequate in 32 (62.7 %) patients of the endosampler group and in 39 (76.4 %) patients of the Karman cannula group. (p-0.07). Endosampler is five times costlier than Karman cannula.Conclusions: Karman cannula is a good and cost-effective sampling device for endometrial biopsy

Understanding same-sex relationships in gay individuals

Background: The social demands and pressure often lead individuals of the sexual minority to enter heterosexual marriages resulting in the termination of ongoing same-sex relationships. Consequently, short-lived relations and multiple romantic or sexual partners. Methods and Material: The study aimed to assess couple satisfaction in relation to sexual satisfaction, mental health, and stigma in gay individuals. It was a correlational cross-sectional study conducted online through social media platforms using Google Forms. The assessment measures used were: Couple Satisfaction Index, New Sexual Satisfaction Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and Self-Stigma Scale. Out of a total of 115 posts, 92 responses were received from which a sample of 30 was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 28. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and regression were computed to determine predictors of relationship satisfaction. Results: The correlation between sexual satisfaction and couple satisfaction (r = 0.52, P ≤0.01) was significant indicating that sexual satisfaction increases couple satisfaction. Psychological distress and stigma were inversely related to couple satisfaction but not to sexual satisfaction. Conclusions: Sexual satisfaction largely determined the couple's satisfaction while psychological distress or stigma accounts for a small percentage of couple satisfaction