An analysis of the effects of oil and non-oil export shocks on the Saudi economy

As the world’s largest oil exporter, Saudi Arabia faces the same pressures as any other government to expand its economy. Saudi Vision 2030 is to reduce the country’s reliance on oil exports and revenues. One of the main goals of Saudi Vision 2030 is to increase the share of GDP that does not come from oil. Dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration is used to look at how oil exports and exports of goods other than oil affect GDP growth. The results of the dynamic ARDL simulation show that there is both long-term and short-term cointegration between the variables. The dynamic ARDL simulation tests rely on the presence of cointegration to show that a 1% increase in oil exports will boost Saudi Arabia’s economic growth by about 0.48% in the long run and 0.18% in the short run, depending on the type of time frame. In the same way, the results about non-oil exports showed that an increase in non-oil exports would boost Saudi Arabia’s economic growth by 0.26 percentage points in the long run and by 0.16 percentage points in the short run. This is a good sign of Saudi Arabia’s efforts to diversify its economy away from oil exports and make room for international investors to help the country reach its Vision 2030 goals. AcknowledgmentThis study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University project number (PSAU/2023/R/1444)

The Impact of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth on the Saudi Arabia’s Carbon Emissions

This study is an initial attempt to examine the correlation between energy consumption and economic growth in Saudi Arabia's carbon emissions from 1985 to 2021. Notably, despite the prominence of low-carbon economic growth in the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals, this specific link has yet to be previously investigated. The study used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to analyse the relationship between carbon emissions from energy consumption and economic development in Saudi Arabia. The bound test shows that the relationship has been going on for a long time, and the error correction equation shows that the endogenous and exogenous variables are negatively related by 0.58. This indicates that the system adjusts its previous period's imbalance by 58% within a single period. The Granger causality test reveals a one-way causal relationship between energy use and carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, and oil consumption. Additionally, the generation of energy through oil-based power plants is known to result in the release of carbon emissions, although in a unidirectional manner. It is necessary to prioritize exploring alternate methods for power generation, particularly those that rely on non-conventional or renewable energy sources

Causation between Consumption, Export, Import, and Economic Growth of Oman

To examine the causation between consumption, export, import, and economic growth for the Sultanate of Oman using yearly time series data collected from the World Bank for 2000-2018. Further, it was tested by basic statistics, the Bound test with the ARDL model, and the Granger-causality tests. The findings of the Bound test analysis indicate the presence of both long-run and short-run associations among competing variables. The ARDL Model result reflects that imports have both short-run and long-run effects, supported by the Granger Causality tests by indicating the presence of unidirectional causality import to economic growth and import to consumption. The outcome of the study revealed that import is essential for economic growth as imports can absorb foreign technology in the domestic economy that can boost the export and further act as an engine of growth. How to Cite:Khan, U., Khan, A. M., Alam, M. D., & Alkatheery,N. (2022). Causation Between Consumption, Export, Import & Economic Growth of Oman. Etikonomi, 21(1), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.20034

Economic growth and its relationship with the macroeconomic factors: An analysis of Oman

This study determines Oman’s most important macroeconomic factors between 1990 and 2019. The ARDL bound test findings for co-integration show that both long and short runs exist. The error-correcting mechanism further states that when the divergence from long-run equilibrium is rectified at an adaptation speed of 78.9%, it signals an inversion to a long-run stable state. In response to a change in the previous year’s economic growth, the final consumption expenditure indicates a rise of 0.472; the gross fixed capital formation and export indicate hikes of 0.149 and 0.358 at a 1% significance level. Additionally, the findings of co-integration regression using fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), and canonical co-integration regression (CCR) were used to strengthen and validate the results that export ranks first in Oman, followed by final consumption spending. Therefore, export, gross fixed capital formation, and final consumption expenditure are vital macroeconomic elements supporting Oman’s economic development

The Progressive Correlation Between Carbon Emission, Economic Growth, Energy Use, and Oil Consumption by the Most Prominent Contributors to Travel and Tourism GDPs

Travel and tourism have glimpsed a significant and promising implication for economic development. Despite the commendatory implication of tourism, it levies a stringent environmental cost such as environmental degeneration. Hence, this study will incorporate the 18 countries out of the top 20 travel and tourism contributors to economic growth to assess the progressive correlation between tourist arrival, economic growth, energy consumption, and oil consumption on carbon emission by applying panel ARDL spanning from 1995 to 2019. The outcome of the panel ARDL reveals that both periods have witnessed that the endogenous variables have a substantial and positive impact on environmental degradation except for tourism as it indicates −0.22 and −0.48% in the long and short run, having a rate of adjustment as −0.52 toward the equilibrium. The simultaneous quantile regression reveals that in the 50 and 75 percentiles, the effect of tourism has a negative impact, which contradicts the PMG findings. These determinations suggest that the policymakers look for more manageable and environmentally sound tourism and economic growth procedures to safeguard the sustainable environment in the studied countries

Role of energy consumption, tourism and economic growth in carbon emission: evidence from Kuwait

AbstractEven though the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals say that low-carbon economic growth is essential, more research must be done to determine how the tourism sector affects carbon productivity. So, to see if increased energy usage, tourism, and economic growth jointly raise carbon productivity in Kuwait, this study uses a vector error correction strategy to look at the years 1995–2020. Predictions about how sustainable tourism will affect energy efficiency, and carbon productivity improvements are also an excellent way to learn more about this subject. As the amount of carbon dioxide in the air increases, tourism will go down by 0.13 percent. Inverse cointegration is the term for this phenomenon. However, the vector error correction model showed that carbon emissions go down as the economy grows and people pay more attention to how much energy they use. Nevertheless, Granger’s theory of cause and effect says that carbon emissions, energy use, and economic growth can only lead to more tourism in one way

<i>Carum carvi</i> Modulates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Effects on TNF-α, NF-κB, and Caspases

Carum carvi is a well-known herb traditionally used as a spice in Asian countries. Acetaminophen is a known marketed drug mainly used as an analgesic. It has been scientifically proven that consumption of acetaminophen (paracetamol) is associated with liver toxicity if taken in high doses without medical supervision. The present study evaluated the in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective efficacy of Carum carvi against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Our results demonstrate that Carum carvi, at doses (mg/kg) of 100 (D1) and 200 (D2), showed inhibitory properties for DNA-sugar damage, lipid peroxidation, DPPH scavenging, and increased reducing potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Our results also confirm that liver toxicity associated with paracetamol, such as depletion of reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzyme levels, as well as induction of cytochrome P450, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines, was efficiently restored by Carum carvi treatment in rats. Moreover, the expression of redox-sensitive transcription factors, namely, NF-κB and TNF-α levels, was also modulated by Carum carvi in the rats. In summary, our study confirms that Carum carvi inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby protecting liver cells from paracetamol prompted hepatotoxicity

Etikonomi : jurnal ekonomi volume 21 (1) 2022

ii, 212 hlm, 29,5 x 21 c