Influence of different storage times and temperatures on blood gas and acid-base balance in ovine venous blood

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of storage temperature and time on blood gas and acid-base balance of ovine venous blood. Ten clinically healthy sheep were used in this study. A total number of 30 blood samples, were divided into three different groups, and were stored in a refrigerator adjusted to +4 ºC (Group I, n = 10), at RT of about 22-25 ºC (Group II, n = 10) and in an incubator adjusted to 37 ºC (Group III, n = 10) for up to 48 h. Blood samples were analysed for blood gas and acid-base indices at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h of storage. In comparison to the baseline value (0), there were significant decreases of blood pH of samples stored at RT and in the incubator after 1 h (p<0.05), the pH value of refrigerated blood samples exhibited insignificant changes during the study (p<0.05). Mean values of pCO2 showed a significant increase in Group I and Group III after 1 h then a progressive decrease after 12 h in all Groups. Mean pO2 values were significantly higher for Group I after 2 h and for Groups II and III after 1 h (p<0.05). In general, base excess decreased significantly for all the groups during the study especially in Groups II and III. In comparison with baseline values, in all groups, bicarbonate (HCO3) increased between 1 h and 6 h (p<0.05), and later decreased at the end of the study (p<0.05). In conclusion, status of acid-base indices of the samples stored at refrigerator and RT were found within normal reference range and it may be of clinical diagnostic use for up to 6 h

Effect of probiotic “Vetlactoflorum” on some physiological parameters of broiler chickens

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of supplemental probiotic preparation “Vetlactoflorum” on some hematological and biochemical constituents of blood in broiler chickens. One hundred fifty broiler chickens breed "Ross-308" used in one day old, divided into three groups of 50 chicks (control" un supplemented probiotic" , first treatment group received “Vetlactoflorum-C” and second treatment group received “Vetlactoflorum-M”). Samples were taken in 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 day-old. Experimental study conducted to determine whether supplementation of probiotic could improve the blood characteristics of broilers chickens, shown that these selected probioticorganisms are able to effect on hematological and biochemical aspects, and also some minerals in broiler chickens

Influences of poly (vinyl alcohol) molecular weight and carbon nanotubes on radiation crosslinking shape memory polymers

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of two molecular weights was used to prepare shape memory polymers based on chemical-crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. The chemical-crosslinking was done in the presence of 2-carboxyethyl acrylate oligomers (CEA) and nano-filler [multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-NH2)] followed by radiation-induced crosslinking. The analysis of the material revealed an increase in the gel fraction and a significant reduction in swelling of the nanocomposite material that was crosslinked with both glutaraldehyde and ionizing radiation. The radiation crosslinked nanocomposites demonstrated approximately a 90% gelation over a range of 50–300 kGy irradiation doses. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a homogeneous distribution of nanocomposites in the composite matrix. The thermal properties of radiation crosslinked (PVA/CEA) and (PVA-CEA)-nano-fillers were investigated by a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical properties were examined via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) which showed significant variation because of the addition of nanocomposites. This radiation crosslinked materials show good shape memory behavior that may be useful in many applications based on the range of temperatures at which Tan δ appears

Synthesis and characterizations of a fluoride-releasing dental restorative material

The aim was to develop an obturating material which has the tendency to release fluoride and minimize interfaces with tooth. Nano-fluorapatite (nFA) powder was synthesized by sol-gel. The composite based on polyurethane (PU) was obtained by chemically binding the nFA (10, 15, 20% wt/wt) to the diisocyanate component by utilizing in-situ polymerization. The procedure involved stepwise addition of monomeric units of PU, and optimizing the reagent concentrations to synthesize composite. The structural, phase and morphological analysis of nFA was evaluated. The structural, fluoride release and in-vitro adhesion analysis with tooth structure of PU/nFA was conducted. For fluoride release analysis the samples were stored in artificial saliva and deionized water for periodical time intervals. Bond strength of composites was analyzed by push-out test. Chemical linkage was achieved between PU and nFA without intermediate coupling agent. The insignificant difference of fluoride release pattern was observed in artificial saliva and (p ≥ 0.05) deionized water. The PU/nFA composite provided sustained release of fluoride over a long period of time. The composite showed more adhesion toward tooth structure with the increase in concentration of nFA. Bond strength of composite was in accordance with root canal filling material, hence, the material with anti-cariogenic properties can be used as an obturating material. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

Effect of Pro biotic Supplementation “Vetlactoflorum” on the Biological Value of Broiler Meats

This study evaluates the supplementation of broiler chickens probiotic "Vetlactoflorum- M" (diluted in milk), "Vetlactoflorum-C" (diluted in whey) on the broiler chickens meat and biological value. One hundred and fifty day-old "Ross-308" broilers are used (n=150), the first group without probiotic and 2 groups are supplemented with probiotics in the water. There are nine treatments with 4 replicates and 3 birds per replicate. The results show that there is improving biological value and safety of broiler meat. Also there is an improvement in the acid value of fat, and the reaction (pH) is normal. It is concluded that probiotics "Vetlactoflorum-M" and "Vetlactoflorum-C" are recommended for using on poultry farms of Belaru

Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Serum Gastrin and Pepsinogen in Dairy Cows with Displaced Abomasum

The study aimed to describe the changes in clinical findings and serum levels of gastrin, pepsinogen and chloride (Cl) in dairy cattle with displacement of the abomasum (DA) from day 0 until day 30 after surgery and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic value in evaluation of the abomasal function. The study was conducted on DA cattle (n=25) belonging to dairy farms in Hokkaido area, Japan. Cows were examined and sampled at days 0 (surgery), 7 and 30. Based on blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) at day 0, DA cows were classified into three categories; DA only (<1.2 mmol/L), DA with subclinical ketosis (DA SCK: 1.2–2.4 mmol/L) and DA with clinical ketosis (DA CK: ≥2.5 mmol/L). All DA groups had higher serum gastrin than their physiological reference values in cattle both before or after surgery. Serum gastrin was significantly increased (P<0.05) in DA and DA SCK groups particularly at day 30 vs day 0. Serum pepsinogen and chlorides were not remarkably changed in any of the three diseased groups compared to reference values. Serum pepsinogen showed no significant within- and inter-group changes. The surgery and the 30-day follow-up period were not sufficient to serum gastrin to return to its physiological levels. In conclusion, further future studies may be required to investigate serum gastrin levels change in DA cattle. A longer follow up period up to 45 day is suggested