A Transfer Learning-based Approach for Multimodal Emotion Recognition

The topic of multimodal emotion recognition is one that is expanding at a rapid rate. The goal of this field is to identify and comprehend human emotions through the use of many modalities, such as speech, facial expressions, and physiological data. Transfer learning strategies have been found to be successful in overcoming the issues of processing and integrating material from a variety of modalities, as demonstrated by the findings of a number of studies. For testing multimodal emotion detection models, it is helpful to make use of publicly accessible datasets like IEMOCAP, EmoReact, and AffectNet. They provide useful resources. Data variability, data quality, modality integration, limited labelled data, privacy and ethical issues, and interpretability are only few of the hurdles that must be overcome in order to construct accurate and effective models. In order to address these challenges, a multidisciplinary approach must be taken, and research must continue to be conducted in this area. The goal of this research is to develop more robust and accurate models for multimodal emotion recognition that can be applied across a variety of contexts and populations

Human Emotion Identification Based on Facial Expression using Image Processing

The field of using image processing for automated human emotion identification based on facial expression is one that is rapidly growing and has many potential uses. There may be many advantages to understanding human emotions, such as better human-computer interaction and more accurate diagnosis of mental illness. Understanding emotions can help you communicate more effectively with others. Traditional methods of emotion recognition rely on human interpretation, which may be expensive, time-consuming, and prone to error. Recently though, advances in computer vision and machine learning have made it possible to design fully automated systems for identifying emotions based on facial expressions. These algorithms are competent in this area because of their analysis of facial expressions. This research provides a systematic review of previous work on emotion analysis from photographs of people's faces. Issues, boundaries, and potential directions for further study are all discussed. We also explore the many suggested methods for emotion recognition and provide a thorough evaluation of the existing datasets. The applications of AI-based emotion detection are also discussed, along with the need for objective standards of evaluation and verification of the results. Our research leads us to the conclusion that automated emotion recognition algorithms have great potential as a tool for enhancing human-computer interaction, mental health assessment, and other applications, but that more work needs to be done to improve their accuracy and robustness

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THREE-PHASE SPLIT SOURCE INVERTER

In many DC-AC power conversions a voltage source inverter (VSI) along with an additional DC-DC boosting stage is required. To overcome this problem in VSI, a split source inverter is preferred. This paper presents a combination of boost stage and VSI stage as a single unit DC-AC power conversion named as split source inverter (SSI). The proposed topology require three additional diodes with same number of active switches of VSI and eight same states of conventional pulse width modulation. This work present the analysis of SSI with sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique. The developed SSI model is simulated on MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Simulation results have been obtained for inverter voltage, inductor current, output line current and total harmonic distortion of output line current

Comments on the Refractive Index of Tin Sulphide Nano-crystalline Thin Films

The refractive indices of nano-crystalline thin films of Tin (IV) Sulphide (SnS) were investigated here. The experimental data conformed well with the single oscillator model for refractive indices. Based on the this, we explain the increasing trend of refractive index to the improvement in crystal ordering with increasing grain size.Comment: Nine figure

Significance of evaluating mandibular parameters for the identification of an individual

Background: Estimating the age of death is a crucial step since it narrows the field of probable identities that must be compared to remains after mass tragedies. Morphological changes in the mandible are mostly driven by an individual’s age and occlusal status. The aim of this study was to determine the association of the dimensions of these parameters with the age and gender of an individual with a larger sample size using orthopantograms in the north Indian population. Methods: A retrospective radio morphometric analysis was performed for panoramic radiographs of 300 (150 males and 150 females). The digital panoramic images were saved in Dicom format and exported to MicroDicom software for linear measurements. The co-relation of study parameters with age was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and assessment of co-relation with sex by applying student’s t-test. Results: The mean values of the right and left gonial angles were higher in females, while the ramus height and bigonial width dimensions were greater in males. However, only the left gonial angle and ramus height showed statistically significant differences with gender (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study found substantial changes in gonial angle, ramus height, and bigonial breadth based on gender and age in a larger sample size. As a result, these dimensions can be an accurate predictor of an individual’s age and sex. Thus, morphometric examination of the mandible can be a useful tool in both identifying individuals and studying growth patterns

ASSOCIATION AND CORRELATION OF MEAN PLATELET VOLUME AND PLATELET COUNT IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Objective: Role of platelets in the pathogenesis of the atherothrombosis and ischemic stroke has been documented. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PC) could be important predictors of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), its severity; therefore we investigated the correlation of MPV & PC in AIS patients. Methods: We studied MPV and PC of 52 AIS patients consecutively admitted in Neurology department at Geetanjali Medical University, India. Platelet variables were measured and compared with control of similar age, sex and without vascular events. Results: Out of 52 patients, 30 (57.69%) had Thirty (57.69%) patients had significantly higher MPV in AIS group (12.45fL compared with normal range of 6–11 fL in control,p<0.001). No significant differences were found between male and females, but the total mean was elevated. The mean of PC was 1.76×105 cells/cumm (normal range) and there was no correlation between the change in PC and AIS in both sexes. Repeated measurements of MPV and PC were also recorded on follow-up which showed no significant changes from the acute phase; however, MPV remained elevated. The comparison of MPV in patients with mRS score 2 versus 4, 2 versus 5, 3 versus 4 and 5, and 4 versus 5 were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Increased MPV has an independent association with AIS and its severity and it could not change after acute treatment. It is possible that these changes precede the vascular event, and further studies are warranted to unravel the underlying mechanism

A STUDY OF SEVERITY OF STROKE AND HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL IN SOUTHERN PART OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA

Objective: Till date, a very few prospective studies have examined the association between serum homocysteine levels and the risk of stroke and stroke subtypes in Indian populations. Methods: A prospective, case - control study of Indian subjects 10–90 years of age was conducted using frozen serum samples from 103 participants in cardiovascular risk surveys collected from December 2017 to November 2018. By the end of 103, we identified 55 incidents of severe strokes, one control subject per case was selected by matching for sex, age, community, year of serum storage, and fasting status. Serum total homocysteine levels were measured by Cobas c-311. Results: Compared with control subjects, total (n_206), hemorrhagic (n_106), and ischemic (n_87) strokes had higher geometric mean values of total homocysteine and higher proportions of homocysteine −25.0 μ mol/L. Homocysteine was estimated after adjustment for body mass index, smoking, alcohol intake, hypertension, and other cardiovascular risk factors. The excess risk of total and ischemic strokes did not vary significantly according to sex, age, smoking status, or hypertensive status. Conclusion: High total homocysteine concentrations were associated with the increased risk of total stroke, more specifically ischemic stroke) Capsuloganglionic and frontoparietal infarct (8 each)., among Indian men and women

MELATONIN AMELIORATES FLUORIDE INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN YOUNG RATS: AN IN VIVO EVIDENCE

Objective: Developing brain is highly vulnerable to environmental toxins. Recently, fluoride was declared as a developmental neurotoxin and heralded search for natural neuroprotectant. In the present study, we have evaluated the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory efficacy of melatonin in fluoride induced neurotoxicity.Methods: Animals were divided into following groups; the first group was used as control. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg BW), sodium fluoride (NaF 4 mg/kg BW) and NaF (4 mg/kg BW) plus melatonin (10 mg/kg BW) respectively. Young rats were orally administered their respective doses daily for 60 days. Biochemical and behavioral analysis were performed. The level of proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) was also determined.Results: Data obtained showed that NaF significantly (p<0.001) increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ROS concentration and decreased the activities of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). On the other hand, melatonin plus NaF treated group showed significant decrease in the levels of TBARS and ROS while it increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione content. In addition, melatonin significantly attenuated fluoride-induced increase in the TNF-α level of brain. Melatonin also prevented the cognitive deficit as shown by the increased retention latency in the passive avoidance task (p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study suggests that melatonin has therapeutic potential since it suppresses fluoride induced inflammation, cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in the brain. Key words: Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Melatonin, TNF- α, Fluoride

Incidentally Detected Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Renal Pelvis in Patients with Staghorn Calculi: Case Series with Review of the Literature

Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is a rare neoplasm, often unsuspected clinically due to its rarity and ambiguous clinical and radiological features, and hence patients present at advanced stages resulting in poor prognosis. We report here four cases of incidentally diagnosed primary renal squamous cell carcinoma, treated at our hospital over a short span of one year, and review the relevant literature. Mean age of the patients (3 males, 1 female) was 60 years. All suffered from staghorn stones. Interestingly, renal carcinoma was unsuspected clinically in all patients. In one case, a computerised tomography scan showed a suspicious nodule. All underwent nephrectomy for nonfunctioning kidney. In just two cases, tumor was identified on gross examination, while the other two only showed thickened pelvis. Our series emphasises the need for pelvicalyceal biopsy during treatment for long-standing nephrolithiasis, and thorough sampling of the renal pelvis in nephrectomy specimen of such patients