Impact of managerial ownership on financial policies and the firm’s performance: evidence Pakistani manufacturing firms

This study evaluates the impact of managerial ownership on the firm‟s performance and financial policies in the context of Pakistani market for sixty non-financial firms included in KSE 100 index for the period of 2000 to 2007. The analysis support that the concentration of managerial ownership affects the firms financial policies, mainly the leverage and dividend policies. The empirical analysis find out that leverage policy variable influenced managerial ownership negatively, supporting that the lower leverage level leads to high profitability firms engage in low managers‟ ownership program. The result also determines a negative and significant association among the mangers ownership concentration and dividend policy of the firms. This result is supported by the agency theory prediction suggesting that as a firm has high managerial ownership, the asymmetric information will decrease and directly decrease the effectiveness of the dividend policy. Beside this the firms with higher managerial ownership decrease their perquisites, so the conflict between manager‟s shareholders can be settled. It is also observed that the managers‟ ownership concentration in general has a positive relationship with the performance in the corporate culture of Pakistan, where major firms are the family oriented. When the managerial ownership is divided in three levels, low level (0 -5%), moderate level (5%-25% and high concentrated (above 25%), the performance positively affect only at low and moderate level. The ownership beyond 25% has a negative association with performance and support the entrenchment theory

Impact of Family Ownership concentration on the Firm’s Performance: Evidence from Pakistani Capital Market

This study evaluates the impact family ownership on the firm‟s performance for the period of 2004 to 2009 considering a sample 29 manufacturing firms listed at KSE-100 index in the Pakistani capital market. The dependent variable is performance which is measured by ROA, ROE and Q of the sample firm and the independent variable is family ownership. Linear regression model is used for estimation along correlation analysis. The study reported positive relation between the ownership variable and performance variables. The results indicate negative association between the ownership variable and firm‟s dividend payment concluding that family control firms prefer to retain earning and investment opportunities rather to distribute the earnings. The empirical analysis reveal that the overall better governance practices have positive affect on financial decision. However, the firms with more family ownership do not adopt good practices and disclose less

Multicast Network Design Game on a Ring

In this paper we study quality measures of different solution concepts for the multicast network design game on a ring topology. We recall from the literature a lower bound of 4/3 and prove a matching upper bound for the price of stability, which is the ratio of the social costs of a best Nash equilibrium and of a general optimum. Therefore, we answer an open question posed by Fanelli et al. in [12]. We prove an upper bound of 2 for the ratio of the costs of a potential optimizer and of an optimum, provide a construction of a lower bound, and give a computer-assisted argument that it reaches $2$ for any precision. We then turn our attention to players arriving one by one and playing myopically their best response. We provide matching lower and upper bounds of 2 for the myopic sequential price of anarchy (achieved for a worst-case order of the arrival of the players). We then initiate the study of myopic sequential price of stability and for the multicast game on the ring we construct a lower bound of 4/3, and provide an upper bound of 26/19. To the end, we conjecture and argue that the right answer is 4/3.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

Impact of Family Ownership concentration on the Firm’s Performance: Evidence from Pakistani Capital Market

This study evaluates the impact family ownership on the firm‟s performance for the period of 2004 to 2009 considering a sample 29 manufacturing firms listed at KSE-100 index in the Pakistani capital market. The dependent variable is performance which is measured by ROA, ROE and Q of the sample firm and the independent variable is family ownership. Linear regression model is used for estimation along correlation analysis. The study reported positive relation between the ownership variable and performance variables. The results indicate negative association between the ownership variable and firm‟s dividend payment concluding that family control firms prefer to retain earning and investment opportunities rather to distribute the earnings. The empirical analysis reveal that the overall better governance practices have positive affect on financial decision. However, the firms with more family ownership do not adopt good practices and disclose less