Analysis of inflation and its determinants in Nigeria

The study critically analyzed the dynamic and simultaneous inter-relationship between inflation and its determinants in Nigeria between 1970 and 2007. The time series variables properties were examined using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test and the result reveals that inflation rate, growth rate of real output and money supply, and real share of Fiscal deficit are stationary at levels, while other incorporated variables in the empirical analysis- real share of Import, Exchange rate and Interest rate-are stationary at first difference. The long-run and short-run mechanism of interaction between inflation and its determinants were examined usig the Augmented Engle-Granger (AEG) cointegration test and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) model respectively.Inflation, determinants, unit root, cointegration, error correction model, Nigeria economy

Development Finance Institutions in Nigeria: Structure, Roles and Assessment

The efficient channelling of funds and allocation of financial resources are roles expected to be undertaken in the financial system to facilitate productive growth in the real sector of the economy. There have been overlapping roles in the Nigerian financial system and this has resulted to inefficient intermediation and under-development of vibrant sectors of the economy. Thus, necessitated the emergence of development financial institutions to render services to the large un-catered economics agents (especially in the rural areas) by the universal banks. The institutions are expected to offer specialized and micro financial services, offer relative cheap and accessible financing options, provide long-term finance for infrastructure development, industrial growth, agriculture, small and medium enterprises (SME) development and provide financial products for certain sections of the people. However, this paper evaluates the roles and structure of the development financial institutions in Nigeria and also assesses their performance over time.Development Finance Institutions, Financial Institutions, Financial Intermediation, Real Sectors, Financial Services, Financial Products, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, Nigeria

Monetary Policy and Share Pricing Business in Nigeria

The anatomy of Nigerian financial system is composed of the money and capital markets. Monetary policy is a framework used by the apex bank to regulate the flow of loanable funds in the economy, though the pricing of equity used by private investors to raise capital from the economy is carried out at the capital market end of the system. As earlier empirical studies have shown the relationship between monetary policy and stock market, this study provide a precise insight in the mechanism of interaction that co-exist between monetary policy and share pricing in Nigeria. The study identified money supply and interest rate (credit creation) as the main channels through which monetary policy influence sharing pricing in an open economy like Nigeria.Monetary Policy, Share Pricing, Monetary instruments, Money supply, Equity/capital market, money market, financial system, IPO pricing, Nigeria

Is Monetary Policy a Growth Stimulant in Nigeria? A Vector Autoregressive Approach

This paper critically examines the dynamic interaction between monetary policy tools in stimulating economic growth, as well as stabilizing the economy from external shocks in Nigeria. The paper considered key monetary time series variables and real growth of output in formulating Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models which showed interdependence interaction between the period of 1970 and 2007. The time series properties of the selected variables are examined using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test and the results revealed that only growth of real output and broad money supply are stationary at levels, while saving, lending and exchange rates were found stationary at first difference. The long-run dynamic interaction was established through the Johansen’s Trace and Maximum Eigenvalue tests. The pair-wise Granger-Causality test conducted showed that the growth rate of real output is not a leading indicator for any monetary variables. Other innovation accounting tests were also carried out like impulse responses function to test for the response of growth in real output to innovation shock on monetary variables. Also, the forecast error variance decomposition (FEVD) is used to decompose the monetary shock on the growth rate of real output in Nigeria. Proper policy recommendations were proffered based on the results emanated from the econometric analyses.Monetary policy, Monetary Instruments, Economic growth, VAR, Impulse shock response, Variance decomposition

Determinants of stock market performance in Nigeria: long-run analysis

This study examines critically the long-run macroeconomic determinants of stock market performance in Nigeria between 1984 and 2007. The properties of the time series variables are examined using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test and most of the incorporated variables in the study was found to have a unit root at level. The Augmented Engle-Granger Cointegration test result revealed that the stock market performance in Nigeria is mainly determined by macroeconomic forces in the long-run. However, the empirical analysis showed that the NSE all share index is more responsive to changes in exchange rate, inflation rate, money supply, and real output. While, the entire incorporated macroeconomic variables were found to have simultaneous and significant impact on the Nigerian capital market performance in the long-run. The study recommended that investors should pay close attention to exchange rate, inflation, money supply, and economic growth rather than treasury bill rate in the long-run in their investment decision

Accountants in the Global Financial Crises Bail-Out: The Outlook

The ravaging global financial crises that have engulfed most developed nations and spread to emerging economies in the South and West poles of the globe have been found to emanate from United State unpaid housing mortgages. The crises have resulted to decline in consumer wealth, economic activities, foreclosures, decrease in aggregate demand and high lending defaults trigging different bail-out initiatives in most vulnerable nations. This paper evaluates the evolution of the crises, causes, effects, transmission channels and the contributions of the Accountants in the financial turbulence. On the basis of the critical assessment, proper policy outlooks were proffered like greater transparency, corporate governance, and strategic financial risk analysis, standard reporting and financial stability checks to be fostered and instituted by the international accounting standard board in order to facilitate effectiveness of the bail-out plans

Monetary Policy and Share Pricing Business in Nigeria

The anatomy of Nigerian financial system is composed of the money and capital markets. Monetary policy is a framework used by the apex bank to regulate the flow of loanable funds in the economy, though the pricing of equity used by private investors to raise capital from the economy is carried out at the capital market end of the system. As earlier empirical studies have shown the relationship between monetary policy and stock market, this study provide a precise insight in the mechanism of interaction that co-exist between monetary policy and share pricing in Nigeria. The study identified money supply and interest rate (credit creation) as the main channels through which monetary policy influence sharing pricing in an open economy like Nigeria

Accountants in the Global Financial Crises Bail-Out: The Outlook

The ravaging global financial crises that have engulfed most developed nations and spread to emerging economies in the South and West poles of the globe have been found to emanate from United State unpaid housing mortgages. The crises have resulted to decline in consumer wealth, economic activities, foreclosures, decrease in aggregate demand and high lending defaults trigging different bail-out initiatives in most vulnerable nations. This paper evaluates the evolution of the crises, causes, effects, transmission channels and the contributions of the Accountants in the financial turbulence. On the basis of the critical assessment, proper policy outlooks were proffered like greater transparency, corporate governance, and strategic financial risk analysis, standard reporting and financial stability checks to be fostered and instituted by the international accounting standard board in order to facilitate effectiveness of the bail-out plans

Monetary Policy and Share Pricing Business in Nigeria

The anatomy of Nigerian financial system is composed of the money and capital markets. Monetary policy is a framework used by the apex bank to regulate the flow of loanable funds in the economy, though the pricing of equity used by private investors to raise capital from the economy is carried out at the capital market end of the system. As earlier empirical studies have shown the relationship between monetary policy and stock market, this study provide a precise insight in the mechanism of interaction that co-exist between monetary policy and share pricing in Nigeria. The study identified money supply and interest rate (credit creation) as the main channels through which monetary policy influence sharing pricing in an open economy like Nigeria

Development Finance Institutions in Nigeria: Structure, Roles and Assessment

The efficient channelling of funds and allocation of financial resources are roles expected to be undertaken in the financial system to facilitate productive growth in the real sector of the economy. There have been overlapping roles in the Nigerian financial system and this has resulted to inefficient intermediation and under-development of vibrant sectors of the economy. Thus, necessitated the emergence of development financial institutions to render services to the large un-catered economics agents (especially in the rural areas) by the universal banks. The institutions are expected to offer specialized and micro financial services, offer relative cheap and accessible financing options, provide long-term finance for infrastructure development, industrial growth, agriculture, small and medium enterprises (SME) development and provide financial products for certain sections of the people. However, this paper evaluates the roles and structure of the development financial institutions in Nigeria and also assesses their performance over time