Biotic indicators for ecological state change in Amazonian floodplains

Riverine floodplains are biologically diverse and productive ecosystems. Although tropical floodplains remain relatively conserved and ecologically functional compared to those at higher latitudes, they face accelerated hydropower development, climate change, and deforestation. Alterations to the flood pulse could act synergistically with other drivers of change to promote profound ecological state change at a large spatial scale. State change occurs when an ecosystem reaches a critical threshold or tipping point, which leads to an alternative qualitative state for the ecosystem. Visualizing an alternative state for Amazonian floodplains is not straightforward. Yet, it is critical to recognize that changes to the flood pulse could push tropical floodplain ecosystems over a tipping point with cascading adverse effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. We characterize the Amazonian flood pulse regime, summarize evidence of flood pulse change, assess potential ecological repercussions, and provide a monitoring framework for tracking flood pulse change and detecting biotic responses

Multicenter Adaptation Of The Guide Autonomous Management Of Medication

Rising psychotropic prescriptions and low empowerment of mental health users hamper qualified delivery of mental health services in Brazil and countries providing universal healthcare. This multicentric study performed in three Brazilian cities aimed to develop the Brazilian translation and adaptation upon the Quebecoise-Canadian Gaining Autonomy and Medication (GAM) Guide; and to evaluate the impact of its use on mental health workers education. Intervention Groups (IGs) were held to provide experience sharing on medication as relevant issues were brought up by the guide. Pre- and post- IGs focus groups were held. Major changes to the original text of the Quebecoise handbook were necessary according to the Brazilian scenario. Results show the Brazilian version as a powerful strategy to promote users' participation in decision making concerning treatment as well as the mental health services they are in treatment at. The handbook also has a positive impact on staff education.1643967980Secretaria Municipal de Campinas (2010) Informações da Secretaria Municipal de Campinas Departamento de Saúde, Saúde Mental, , CAMPINASCampos, G.W.S., (2000) Um Método Para Análise E Co-gestão De Coletivos - a Construção Do Sujeito, a Produção De Valor De Uso E a Democracia Em Instituições: O Método Da Roda, , São Paulo: HucitecCampos, G.W.S., Onocko, R.C., Co-construção de autonomia: O sujeito em questão (2005) A Construção Da Clínica Ampliada Na Atenção Básica, pp. 86-107. , CAMPOS, G.W.SMINAYO, M.C.SAKERMAN, M.CUNHA, G.T. (Orgs), São Paulo: HucitecFurtado, J.P., Onocko, R.C., Participation, knowledge production, and evaluative research: Participation by different actors in a mental health study (2008) Cad Saude Publica, 24 (11), pp. 2671-2680Gadamer, H.G., (1997) Verdade E Método: Traços Fundamentais De Uma Hermenêutica Filosófica, , Petrópolis: Editora VozesHull, S.A., Aquino, P., Cotter, S., Explaining variation in antidepressant prescribing rates in east London: A cross sectional study (2005) Fam Pract, 22 (1), pp. 37-42International Narcotics Control Board (2010) Psychotropic Substances, , http://www.incb.org/pdf/technical-reports/psychotropics/2010/Psychotropic_Substances_Publication_2010.pdf, VIENNA. United Nations, Vienna: UN, Disponível em, Acesso em: 04 jul. 2012Kinoshita, R.T., Contratualidade e reabilitação psicossocial (1996) Reabilitação Psicossocial No Brasil, pp. 55-59. , PITTA, A. (Org.), São Paulo: HucitecMaragno, L., Prevalence of common mental disorders in a population covered by the Family Health Program (QUALIS) in Sao Paulo, Brazil (2006) Cad Saude Publica, 22 (8), pp. 1639-1648Marques, C.C., (2012) Entre Nós: Sobre Mudar De Lugar E Produzir Diferenças, , 2012. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto AlegreOnocko, C.R.T., Avaliação de estratégias inovadoras na organização da Atenção Primária à Saúde (2012) Rev. Saúde Pública, 46 (1). , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-89102012000100006&lng=en&nrm=iso, São Paulo, Feb, Disponível em, Acesso em: 04 jul. 2012. Epub Dec 13,2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102011005000083Onocko, C.R.T., Furtado, J.P., Narratives: Use in qualitative health-related research (2008) Rev Saude Publica, 42 (6), pp. 1090-1096Otanari, T.M.C., (2011) A Experiência De Participação Dos Residentes De Psiquiatria E Saúde Mental Nos Grupos De Gestão Autônoma Da Medicação? (GAM): Possíveis Efeitos Na Formação, , 2011. Dissertação (Mestrado). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CampinasRegier, D.A., The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program: Historical context, major objectives, and study population characteristics (1984) Arch Gen Psychiatry, 41 (10), pp. 934-941Rodriguez, L., Perron, N., Ouellette, J.N., Psicotrópicos e saúde mental: Escutar ou regular o sofrimento? (2008) Pesquisa Avaliativa Em Saúde Mental: Desenho Participativo E Efeitos Da Narratividade, pp. 125-162. , ONOCKO CAMPOS, R.FURTADO, J.P.PASSOS, E.BENEVIDES, R. (Orgs), São Paulo: HucitecRodriguez, L., Corin, E., Poirel, M.L., Le point de vue des utilisateurs sur l'emploi de la médication en psychiatrie: Une voix ignorée (2001) Revue Québécoise De Psychologie, 22 (2), pp. 1-23Ricouer, P., (1997) Tempo E Narrativa, , Campinas: PapirusRicouer, P., (1990) Interpretação E Ideologias, , Rio de Janeiro: Francisco AlvesSantos, D.V.D., (2009) Uso De Psicotrópicos Da Atenção Primária Do Distrito Sudoeste De Campinas E Sua Relação Com Os Arranjos Da Clínica Ampliada: Uma Pedra No Sapato, , 2009. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CampinasVedia, U.C., Study of use of psychiatric drugs in primary care (2005) Aten Primaria, 36 (5), pp. 239-245Winter, F., de Présentation, M., (2007), http://www.ladroit.org/texteforumgam.pdf, François Winter, coordonnateur de L'A-DROIT de Chaudière-Appalaches, lors de la 4ième table ronde du forum international sur les psychotropes des 3-4-5 avril, Disponível em, Acesso em: 04 jul 201

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Processing Of Moringa Oleifera Seeds Using Different Equipments To Obtain Coagulant Solution [processamento De Sementes De Moringa Oleifera Utilizando-se Diferentes Equipamentos Para Obtenção De Solução Coagulante]

This work was condcted to assess four different equipments used in processing seeds of Moringa oleifera to produce a coagulant solution to be used in water treatment with the turbidity obtained synthetically. Six coagulant solutions with different types of processing were used in assays of coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation in Jar-Test equipment. The dose of coagulant solution was 500 mg L-1 and the evaluated parameters were turbidity and apparent color. After 30 min of sedimentation, it was clear that the best processes to reduce turbidity and apparent color were the pestle and grinder, respectively, however, in both cases the sieving of the powder was essential in reducing the parameters in question. Using a blender and a mixer the reduction rates of turbidity and apparent color were the lowest. The grinding of the seeds during processing in the grinder and the pestle remove part of the oil present in them, which does not occur when using the blender and mixer, stating that e removal of oil present in the seeds result in a more efficient coagulant solution.166661666Agrawal, H., Shee, C., Sharma, A.K., Isolation of a 66 KDa protein with coagulation activity from seeds of Moringa oleifera (2007) Global Journal of Biotechnology & Biochemistry, 2, pp. 36-39Amagloh, F.K., Benang, A., Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification (2009) African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4, pp. 119-123(2005) Standard Methods For the Examination of Water and Wastewater, , APHA - American Public Health Association, 21 ed. New York: APHABorba, L.R., (2001) Viabilidade Do Uso Da Moringa Oleifera Lam No Tratamento Simplificado De Água Para Pequenas Comunidades, p. 96. , João Pessoa: UFPB, Dissertação MestradoDi Bernardo, L., Dantas, A.D.B., (2005) Métodos E Técnicas De Tratamento De Água, p. 792. , 2.ed. São Carlos: RiMaGallão, M.I., Damasceno, L.F., Brito, E.S., Avaliação química e estrutural da semente de Moringa (2006) Revista Ciência Agronômica, 37, pp. 106-109Ghebremichael, K.A., Gunaratn, K.R., Henriksson, H., Brumer, H., Dalhamman, G., A simple purification and activity assay of the coagulant protein from Moringa oleifera seed (2005) Water Research, 39, pp. 2338-2344Katayon, S., Noor, M.J.M.M., Asma, M., Ghani, L.A.A., Thamer, A.M., Azni, I., Ahmad, J., Suleyman, A.M., Effects of storage conditions of Moringa oleifera seeds n its performace in coagulation (2006) Bioresource Technology, 97, pp. 1455-1460Libânio, M., (2008) Fundamentos De Qualidade E Tratamento De Água, p. 444. , 2.ed. Campinas: Editora ÁtomoMadrona, G.S., Serpelloni, G.B., Vieira, A.M.S., Cardoso, K.C., Bergamasco, R., Study of the effect saline solution on the extraction of the Moringa oleifera seed's active component for water treatment (2010) Water Air Soil Pollution, 211, pp. 409-415Ndabigengesere, A., Narasiah, K.S., Quality of water treated by coagulation using Moringa oleifera seeds (1998) Water Research, 32, pp. 781-791Ndabigengesere, A., Narasiah, K.S., Talbot, B.G., Active agents and mechanism of coagulation of turbid waters using Moringa oleifera (1995) Water Research, 29, pp. 703-710Okuda, T., Baes, A.U., Nishijima, W., Okada, M., Improvement of extraction method of coagulation active components from Moringa oleifera seed (1999) Water Research, 33, pp. 3373-3378Okuda, T., Baes, A.U., Nishijima, W., Okada, M., Isolation and characterization of coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed by salt solution (2001) Water Research, 35, pp. 405-410Paterniani, J.E.S., Mantovani, M.C., Sant'anna, M.R., Uso de sementes de Moringa oleifera para tratamento de agues superficiais (2009) Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agrícola E Ambiental, 13, pp. 765-771Paterniani, J.E.S., Ribeiro, T.A.P., Mantovani, M.C., Sant'anna, M.R., Water treatment by sedimentation andslow fabric filtration using Moringa oleifera seeds (2010) African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5, pp. 1256-1263Silva, F.J.A., Mattos, J.E.X., Sobre dispersões de moringa oleifera para tratamento de água (2008) Revista De Tecnologia, 29, pp. 157-16

Use Of Natural Coagulants Based On Moringa Oleifera And Tannin As Filter Aids For Non-woven Synthetics Fabrics [uso De Coagulantes Naturais à Base De Moringa Oleifera E Tanino Como Auxiliares Da Filtração Em Geotêxtil Sintético Não Tecido]

Natural coagulants such as Moringa oleifera and tannin can be used in water treatment systems aiming to remove turbidity. Raw water with turbidity range from 101 to 110 NTU was simulated in laboratory tests, and treated using M. oleifera and tannin as coagulants. Coagulated and flocculated water was filtered directly through non-woven synthetics fabrics. Different methods of coagulating solution preparation were evaluated based on M. oleifera. Both coagulant behavior were also compared with respect to turbidity removal and their influence on treated water pH alteration. Comparison results for the two coagulants showed that tannin (Tanfloc SG), since it was an industrialized standardized product, presented a more stable behavior throughout filtration as compared to M. oleifera. Although variations in turbidity occurred during filtration with M. oleifera, there was a considerable reduction in this parameter, which remained below 5 NTU in all trials. Therefore, M. oleifera is feasible when considering turbidity reduction.344780788Ali, E.N., Muyibi, S.A., Salleh, H.M., Alam, M.Z., Salleh, M.R.M., Production of natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seed for application in treatment of low turbidity water (2010) Journal Water Resource and Protection, 2, pp. 259-266. , Irvine(2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, , 21th ed. WashingtonArantes, C.C., Ribeiro, T.A.P., Paterniani, J.E.S., Processamento de sementes de Moringa oleifera utilizando-se diferentes equipamentos para obtenção de solução coagulante (2012) Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 16 (6), pp. 661-666. , Campina GrandeBeltrán-Heredia, J., Sánchez-Martín, J., Improvement of water treatment pilot plant with Moringa oleifera extract as flocculant agent (2009) Environmental Technology, 30 (6), pp. 525-534. , http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09593330902831176, London, maio. Acesso em: 12 dez 2011Beltrán-Heredia, J., Sánchez-Martín, J., Dávila-Acedo, M.A., Optimization of the synthesis of a new coagulant from a tannin extract (2011) Journal of Hazardous Materials, 186, pp. 1704-1712. , http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21237560, Amsterdam. Acesso em: 20 nov 2013Franco, M., Silva, G.K., Paterniani, J.E.S., Water treatment by multistage filtration system with natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seeds (2012) Engenharia Agrícola, 32 (5), pp. 989-997. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0100-69162012000500018&script=sci_arttext, Jaboticabal, set./out. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2013Graham, N., Gang, F., Fowler, G., Watts, M., Characterisation and coagulation performace of tannin-based cationic polymer: A preliminary assessment (2008) Colloids and Surface. A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 327 (1), pp. 9-16. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775708003750, Amsterdam. Acesso em: 12 dez. 2011(2011) Censo demográfico 2010-Características da população e dos domicílios - Resultados do universo, p. 270. , Rio de JaneiroMatos, A.T., Cabanellas, C.F.G., Cecon, P.R., Brasil, M.S., Mudado, C.S., Efeito da concentração de coagulantes e do pH da solução na turbidez da água, em recirculação, utilizada no processamento dos frutos do cafeeiro (2007) Engenharia Agrícola, 27 (2), pp. 544-551. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162007000300025, Jaboticabal, maio/ago. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2013Ndabigengesere, A., Narasiah, K.S., Influence of parameters on turbitidy removal by coagulation with Moringa oleifera seeds (1996) Environmental Technology, 7 (10), pp. 1103-1112. , LondonPaterniani, J.E.S., Ribeiro, T.A.P., Mantovani, M.C., Sant'Anna, M.R., Water treatment by sedimentation and slow fabric filtration using Moringa oleifera seeds (2010) African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (11), pp. 1256-1263Poumaye, N., Mabingui, J., Lutgen, P., Bigan, M., Contribution to the clarification of surface water from the Moringa oleifera: Case M'Poko River to Bangui, Central African Republic (2012) Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 90, pp. 2346-2352. , ElmsfordPritchard, M., Craven, T., Mkandawire, T., Edmondson, A.S., O'Neill, J.G., A study of the parameters affecting the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera in drinking water purification (2010) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 35 (13-14), pp. 791-797. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147470651000149X, Oxford. Acesso em: 18 set 2011Sánchez-Martín, J., González-Velasco, M., Beltrán-Heredia, J., Acacia mearnsii de wild tannin-based flocculant in surface water treatment (2009) Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 29 (2), pp. 119-135. , http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02773810902796146, Beijing. Acesso em: 10 jan 2012Silva, F.J.A., Matos, J.E.X., Sobre dispersões de Moringa oleifera para tratamento de água (2008) Revista Tecnologia, 29, pp. 157-163. , Fortaleza(2011) Catálogo - TANFLOC SG, , http://www.tanac.com.br/PT/upload/produtos/CT_TANFLOC_SG_PT.pdf, Acesso em: 30 nov 2011Vieira, A.M.S., Vieira, M.F., Silva, G.F., Araújo, A.A., Fagundes-Klen, M.R., Veit, M.T., Bergamasco, R., Use of Moringa oleifera seed as natural adsorbent for wastewater treatment (2010) Water Airf Soil Pollution, 206, pp. 273-281. , http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-009-0104-y, Dordrecht. Acesso em: 21 nov. 201