18 research outputs found
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Single-cell tracking of flavivirus RNA uncovers species-specific interactions with the immune system dictating disease outcome
Positive-sense RNA viruses pose increasing health and economic concerns worldwide. Our
limited understanding of how these viruses interact with their host and how these processes
lead to virulence and disease seriously hampers the development of anti-viral strategies.
Here, we demonstrate the tracking of ( Ăľ ) and ( ) sense viral RNA at single-cell resolution
within complex subsets of the human and murine immune system in different mouse models.
Our results provide insights into how a prototypic flavivirus, yellow fever virus (YFV-17D),
differentially interacts with murine and human hematopoietic cells in these mouse models
and how these dynamics influence distinct outcomes of infection. We detect ( ) YFV-17D
RNA in specific secondary lymphoid compartments and cell subsets not previously
recognized as permissive for YFV replication, and we highlight potential virus–host interaction
events that could be pivotal in regulating flavivirus virulence and attenuation
Cancer stem cell–immune cell crosstalk in tumour progression
Cellular heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment are independent yet synergistic drivers of tumour progression and underlie therapeutic resistance. Recent studies have highlighted the complex interaction between these cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms. The reciprocal communication between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and infiltrating immune cell populations in the tumour microenvironment is a paradigm for these interactions. In this Perspective, we discuss the signalling programmes that simultaneously induce CSCs and reprogramme the immune response to facilitate tumour immune evasion, metastasis and recurrence. We further highlight biological factors that can impact the nature of CSC–immune cell communication. Finally, we discuss targeting opportunities for simultaneous regulation of the CSC niche and immunosurveillance