The Use of the Kinetic Theory of Gases to Simulate the Physical Situations on the Surface of Autonomously Moving Parts During Multi-Energy Vibration Processing.

The multi-energy vibration processing, namely the combination of different energies or forces acting on a free abrasive medium for grinding of metal parts, is becoming more used in finishing processes, in recent years. However, the complexity that is involved in the aforementioned process requires a careful look in the particularities of the process itself in general and the movement of the abrasive media, in particular. In this paper, the nature of the collective movement of abrasive granules between the independently oscillating surfaces of the reservoir and the processed parts is described. This study presents the dissipation of the kinetic energy of the granules in a pseudo-gas from the working medium granules. The motion of the medium granules near the part surface, which is caused by pseudo-waves initiated by vibrations of the working surfaces of the vibration machine reservoir, is demonstrated. Furthermore, the nature of the motion of the granules near the oscillating part surface is described. The analysis that is presented here permits the determination of metal removal quantity from the surface of the workpiece as a result of multi-agent group action of the vibrating reservoir surface and the processed part. The optimal conditions for the finishing process can be determined based on the analysis presented

Divided attention selectively impairs memory for self-relevant information

Information that is relevant to oneself tends to be remembered more than information that relates to other people, but the role of attention in eliciting this "self-reference effect" is unclear. In the present study, we assessed the importance of attention in self-referential encoding using an ownership paradigm, which required participants to encode items under conditions of imagined ownership by themselves or by another person. Previous work has established that this paradigm elicits a robust self-reference effect, with more "self-owned" items being remembered than "other-owned" items. Access to attentional resources was manipulated using divided-attention tasks at encoding. A significant self-reference effect emerged under full-attention conditions and was related to an increase in episodic recollection for self-owned items, but dividing attention eliminated this memory advantage. These findings are discussed in relation to the nature of self-referential cognition and the importance of attentional resources at encoding in the manifestation of the self-reference effect in memory

Shedding Light on The Role of Keratinocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Skin-Homing Cells

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secretory lipid membranes with the ability to regulate cellular functions by exchanging biological components between different cells. Resident skin cells such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, and inflammatory cells can secrete different types of EVs depending on their biological state. These vesicles can influence the physiological properties and pathological processes of skin, such as pigmentation, cutaneous immunity, and wound healing. Since keratinocytes constitute the majority of skin cells, secreted EVs from these cells may alter the pathophysiological behavior of other skin cells. This paper reviews the contents of keratinocyte-derived EVs and their impact on fibroblasts, melanocytes, and immune cells to provide an insight for better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of skin disorders and their use in related therapeutic approaches