Evaluation the Non-Thermal Plasma Application Activity in AFB1 Detoxification

Contamination raw agricultural materials has been a food safety concern for human and animals. A non thermal plasma or cold plasma  is a novel antimicrobial intervention, that can be reduce the level of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in complete cow's feed samples .AFB1 are carcinogenic compound produce primarily by two certain strain of Aspergillus include A. flavus and A. parasiticus , the  contamination of feed is arise for  animals health. Fifty samples from complete cow's feed were designated into imported 15 samples and local 35 samples , obtained randomly from different region in Baghdad from March 2014 to February 2015. Samples were tested for AFB1 by ELISA and HPLC technique and exposure to application cold plasma protocol to treatment of AFB1 contamination the samples in different time (5, 10 and 15) seconds at 3.5 cm between the plasma source and samples then tested by ELISA and HPLC. There are appears the best time successful in reducing levels of toxin at 10 sec. in local samples 3.12, 0.05 ng / g imported samples 1.21, 6.19 ng / g in HPLC and ELISA. In local and imported samples at 10 sec and that was 15 sec less time periods ability to reduce toxin level in local and imported samples, that indicated the length of exposure to NTP application is not necessary to reduce toxin level. According to the study we observed that the results from ELISA method were more sensitive, accuracy and simplicity when compared with results from HPLC technique. Keyword: Cold plasma, decontamination,AFB1, HPLC, ELISA

Detection of AFM1 in Milk and Some Dairy Products in Iraq using different techniques

The 130 samples of milk and some dairy products were randomly collected from Baghdad markets from September 2014 to June 2015 and distributes into imported and local samples include: liquid and powder milk, white and soft cheese in addition to yoghurt. The samples were analyzed to qualitative and quantitative detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) using different techniques {Thin layer chromatography- TLC (qualitative), High performance liquid chromatography- HPLC and Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay- ELISA (quantitative}. The positive results (contaminated with AFM1),  showed  as 50 (38.5%), 65 (50 %) and 70 (53.8%) respectively,  furthermore,  yogurt and cheese showed more contamination with AFM1 than other products and the highest concentration of AFM1 in the local cheese reached 300.7ng/L and 939.67ng/L when detected with HPLC and ELISA techniques respectively. We concluded that ELISA technique was found to be most advisable for detection of low-level AFM1 contamination in milk and dairy products . On other side the local products were contaminated with AFM1 than imported products , in addition to  yogurt and cheese were more contaminated with AFM1 than other samples. Key words: Detection, AFM1, TLC, HPLC , ELISA, Milk, Dairy Products, Ira

Pathological Study of Aspergillus fumigatus in Wild & Laboratory Rabbits in Baghdad City

This study was designed to be isolate and identify the fungi Aspergillus fumigatus in wild male rabbits in Baghdad city from (Al Kezel and New Baghdad Markets ) . (50) Male wild rabbits were included in this study , the rabbits were randomly selected kept into animals house in college of vet. medicine in Baghdad University . Eight sample were taken from each wild rabbits for fungal examination included (blood , liver , kidney , spleen , lung, intestine , skin scraping and cotton swabs (from mouth & rectum ) the results revealed that 40% of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from blood and 20%from skin scraping. In experimental design ,30 white swiss male rabbits were used in this study for (60) days ,they were divided into (3) equal groups 1st group (10) rabbits were 1/P inoculated with common isolated mould in wild rats Aspergillus fumigatus 0.2 ml (1×105 cell/m). 2nd group (10) rabbits were given 0.2 ml 1/P PBs.3rd group (10) rabbits was act as control group. Clinical manifestation of the 1st group characterized by dyspnea , tacchycardia ,alopecia & sudden death with diarrhea . Histopathology observation showed in organs (liver , lung , spleen , intestine ) the presence of hemorrhage , necrosis in spleen and intestine with multifocal areas of granulomatous lesion in liver and lung.

A comparative study between conventional methods and Vidas UP Salmonella (SPT) to investigate salmonella species from local and imported meat

The study was preformed for investigating of Salmonella from meat, and compared Vidas UP Salmonella (SPT) with the traditional methods of isolation for Salmonella , were examined 42 meat samples (Beef and Chicken) from the Local and Imported From local markets in the city of Baghdad from period December 2013 -February 2014 the samples were cultured on enrichment and differential media and examined samples Vidas, and confirmed of isolates by cultivation chromgenic agar, biochemical tests ,Api20 E systeme , In addition serological tests , and the serotypes determinate in the Central Public Health Laboratory / National Institute of Salmonella The results showed the contamination in imported meat was more than in the local meat 11.9% and 2.3 %, respectively, also recorded the highest isolation of Salmonella from chicken meat compared with beef meat 9.5% and 4.7%, respectively, where isolated 3 serotype (7.14%) from imported chicken meat include S.typhimurium S.entertidis and S.livingstone at16.6% for each of them and 1 serotype (2.3%) isolate from local chicken meat include S.hadar 16.6%. The study recorded for the first time isolate of S. living stone in Iraq from imported chicken. While isolated 2 serotype (4.7%) isolate from imported beef included S. dublin and S. antum at 16.6% each of them .the sensitivity of antibiotics , was studies the results showed that it was resistant to each of Trimethprime Cetazidime Ampicillin Chloromphenicol, Ceftriaxone, and Amoxicillin (100, 66.6 ,33.3, 16.6 , 16.6 , and 16.6 ) % respectively , but sensitivite to Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin at 100% and confirmed the results that the Vidas technique better than traditional methods for speed and accuracy of their results