25 research outputs found
Holographic Conformal Window - A Bottom Up Approach
We propose a five-dimensional framework for modeling the background geometry
associated to ordinary Yang-Mills (YM) as well as to nonsupersymmetric gauge
theories possessing an infrared fixed point with fermions in various
representations of the underlying gauge group. The model is based on the
improved holographic approach, on the string theory side, and on the
conjectured all-orders beta function for the gauge theory one. We first analyze
the YM gauge theory. We then investigate the effects of adding flavors and show
that, in the holographic description of the conformal window, the geometry
becomes AdS when approaching the ultraviolet and the infrared regimes. As the
number of flavors increases within the conformal window we observe that the
geometry becomes more and more of AdS type over the entire energy range.Comment: 20 Pages, 3 Figures. v2: references adde
Holographic aspects of three dimensional QCD from string theory
We study two aspects of 3D QCD with massless fermions in a holographic set-up
from string theory, based on D3/D7 branes; parity anomaly and baryons as baby
Skyrmions. We first give a novel account of parity anomaly of 3D QCD with odd
number of flavors from the IR holographic viewpoint by observing a subtle point
in D7 brane embeddings with a given fixed UV theory. We also discuss its UV
origin in terms of weakly coupled D-brane pictures. We then focus on the
parity-symmetric case of even number of N_F flavors, and study baryons in the
holographic model. We identify the monopoles of U(N_F) gauge theory dynamically
broken down to U(N_F/2)x U(N_F/2) in the holographic 4 dimensional bulk as a
holographic counter-part of 3D baby-Skyrmions for baryons in large N limit, and
work out some details how the mapping goes. In particular, we show that the
correct baryon charges emerge from the Witten effect with a space-varying theta
angle.Comment: 33 pages, 10 figures; v2: references added with comments, typos
corrected; v3: more references added; v4: holographic baryon profile and the
analysis of its baryon charge is significantly revised, correcting errors in
the previous discussio
Extreme Technicolor & The Walking Critical Temperature
We map the phase diagram of gauge theories of fundamental interactions in the
flavor-temperature plane using chiral perturbation theory to estimate the
relation between the pion decaying constant and the critical temperature above
which chiral symmetry is restored. We then investigate the impact of our
results on models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking and therefore on
the electroweak early universe phase transition.Comment: RevTeX, 18 pages, 3 figure
Protein quality control: the who’s who, the where’s and therapeutic escapes
In cells the quality of newly synthesized proteins is monitored in regard to proper folding and correct assembly in the early secretory pathway, the cytosol and the nucleoplasm. Proteins recognized as non-native in the ER will be removed and degraded by a process termed ERAD. ERAD of aberrant proteins is accompanied by various changes of cellular organelles and results in protein folding diseases. This review focuses on how the immunocytochemical labeling and electron microscopic analyses have helped to disclose the in situ subcellular distribution pattern of some of the key machinery proteins of the cellular protein quality control, the organelle changes due to the presence of misfolded proteins, and the efficiency of synthetic chaperones to rescue disease-causing trafficking defects of aberrant proteins