Estimates of cancer burden in Italy.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: This paper presents updated estimates of the incidence, prevalence and mortality of stomach, colorectal, lung, breast, uterine cervix and prostate cancer and skin melanoma in the Italian population. In particular, point estimates for 2012 and time trends from 1970 to 2015 will be provided. METHODS: The presented figures were obtained by summing up the regional epidemiological indicator estimates presented in the other papers of this monographic issue, which were derived by applying the MIAMOD statistical back-calculation method to cancer registries survival data and official mortality rates. RESULTS: Our findings indicate that breast, colon-rectum and prostate will be the cancer sites with the highest incidence rates in the forthcoming years. The incidence rates still tend to increase for breast, male colorectal cancer and female lung cancer as well as for skin melanoma. By contrast, the incidence of stomach cancer, cervical cancer and male lung cancer, by far the most common tumor sites up to the early 1990s, will continue to decrease. The mortality estimates showed a decreasing trend for all considered cancers with the only exception of lung cancer in women. CONCLUSION: These results point to the need to reinforce prevention activities by developing more effective preventive measures for population groups at risk. There is also a need to support timely and continuous cancer surveillance in the Italian population through cancer registries in order to monitor the spread of the cancer risk and to evaluate the impact of prevention policies and therapeutic advances

[Childhood cancer: after the peak reached around 2000 the incidence seems to stabilize].

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[Population ageing effect on number of cancer cases: Italian cancer registries data].

OBJECTIVE: To describe causes of cancer incidence increase. We identified and quantified a population ageing factor, a factor due to incidence trend of cancer sites with early-diagnosis interventions and a remainder factor (concerning all other cancer sites). METHODS: We calculated incidence rates for two calendar period (1993-95 and 2003-05).We used data from Cancer Registries with at least one incidence year available for each period (jointly for males and female). We compared crude and age-adjusted rates by the direct method for prostate cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma of the skin cancer, thyroid cancer, group of other cancer sites and for all cancer sites (but non-melanoma skin cancer). RESULTS: Since 1993-95 to 2003-05 all cancer crude incidence rates have been increasing 17.9% (from 555.4 cases for 100,000 inhabitants/years to 654.8). If population age structure had remained the same, rates would have increased only 6.6% (from 555.4 to 592.0): almost 2/3 of observed increasing are due to population ageing. The remainder part of the increasing is due to incidence trend of cancer sites with early-diagnosis interventions (that anticipates the diagnosis). CONCLUSIONS: This study helps to quantify the incidence increase due to population ageing and the raise due to trend of cancer sites with early-diagnosis interventions

Italy is one of the European countries with the greatest population observed by cancer registries].

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[Incidence of stomach cancer is decreasing faster in the Centre-North of Italy].

Abstract not availabl

[Survival for all cancers is increasing, especially in men, but only thanks to PSA].

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[In Italy, 800,000 people aged 75 years and older live with cancer (15% of the population of the same age)].

No abstract availabl