Algae personification toxicity by GC–MASS and treatment by using material potassium permanganate in exposed basin

AbstractThis study was conducted to address algal toxins using potassium permanganate through the control of biomass growth of algae under following conditions value 25±1 °C illumination intensity value 245microeinstein/m2/s, using the culture media Chu-10 Modified for the purpose of development algae. We treated algal toxins belonging to groups of Neurotoxins, Hepatotoxins, Pyriproxyfen, Emodin, Brevetoxins-10 (A) and Cytotoxins using concentrations of potassium permanganate represented by 2, 4, 8 and 16mg/l with alum concentration for each concentration of 30mg/l, as the removal rate reached to 100% of the toxin blooms in concentrations of 8 and 16mg/l respectively, through the examination of algal toxins mediated by GC–MASS compared to the standard, which diagnosed a range of algal toxins with C2H3C12NO formulas of synthetic C9H13NO2, C18H27NO3, C11H12N2O6, C11H17N3O, C10H17N3O, C9H15Br2NO, CH4N2O2, C11H17NO2, C13H9BrN2O3, C3H7NO4S, C20H29NO3, C15H10O5, C4H8O2 and C2H2Cl3NO the concentrations 2 and 4mg/l turned toxic compounds into non-toxic compounds represented by C7H6O2, C5H6N2O, C12H11ClO4, C6H6O2, C12H10O4, C10H17N, C4H6O2 and C5H6N2O. The results showed reduced primary productivity of algae chlorophyll a result of substance to stop chloroplast for vital activity through the influence of the concentration of potassium permanganate values 0.571, 1.142, 0.583 and 1.713mg/l respectively, compared to the standard of 114.2mg/l. As diagnosed types of Algae producing toxins are represented by Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis flosaquae, Oscillatoria amoena, Oscillatoria amphibian, Oscillatoria boryana, Oscillatoria limnetica, Oscillatoria perornata, Phormidium ambiguum, Lyngbya digueti, Lyngbya major, Lyngbya nordgaadii, Lyngbya spirulinoides, Nostoc carneum, Nostoc spongiforme, Anabaena augstumalis, Chroococcus indicus and Chroococcus minor, as the dry weight of live Algae producing toxins is 17.342g/l

Algae Toxins and Their Treatment

Algae are distributed worldwide in the sea, in freshwater and in wet situations on land. Most are microscopic algae, but some of them are so large, also some marine seaweeds that can exceed 50 m in length. The algae have chlorophyll and can make their own food through the steps of photosynthesis. Recently they are classified in the kingdom of protested, which include a variety of unicellular and some basic multinuclear and multicellular eukaryotic organisms that have cells. Algal poisoning is an intense, often lethal condition caused by high concentrations of toxic blue-green algae (more commonly known as cyanobacteria—literally blue-green bacteria) in drinking water as well as in water used for recreation, agriculture and aquaculture. The study cur in the productive dangerous from the algae toxin that productive from cyanobacteria in aquatic environment. The important contamination for water source identification and non-identification and identify on algae that responsible on productive of toxin in water that represented by Cylindrospermum, Aphanizomenon Anabaena, Microcystis, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, phormidium, and suitable environment for algae to productive toxin. Such as temperature, pH, nutrient, salinity, density identify on the toxin concentration in water that content organisms that productive toxin between (1–100 mg/l). With the use of different methods of treating algal toxins such as (potassium permanganate, activated carbon, oxidation, chlorine and ozone), and the best treatment was the use of potassium permanganate at a concentration (2 mg/l), which gave the best treatment while preserving the ecosystem

TOLERANCE OF THE ALGAL SPECIES NAVICUAL BUSIEDTII TO HIGH CONCENTRATION OF SALINE LRANIAN WAST WATER

Algae diatom Navicual busiedtii used to decreasing salts of salty water with concentration 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 ppt. depending on diatoms ability for growing and reproduction at salty water environment. Recorded concentration in the end of Experiment is 0, 0, 2, 5.4, 23.1 ppt. respectively. Recorded higher vital number of Navicual busiedtii is 138.408 ×104 cell/ml with growing rate 2.39 cell/hour in short multiplication time 10.51 cell/hour with absorption 0.484 nm. of concentration 16 ppt. compared with control treatment which vital number of alga was 65.473 × 104 cell/ml with growing rate 1.76 cell/hour in multiplication time 13.97 cell/hour with absorption 0.320 nm. On the other hand the concentration 32 ppt. show powerless cells with vital number 74.355×104 with growing rate 1.16 cell/hour of multiplication period 19.21 cell/hour longer period than treatments of lower concentrations

Efficiency testing of Algal Chlorella Sorokin Ana and Coelastrella sp. to reduce carbon dioxide

Tested Bio-mitigation to reduce greenhouse gas technology dioxide levels through the use of isolates belonging to the Division of green algae. Chlorella sorokiniana. GenBank databasr (accession No. MH923013.1) and Coelastrella sp. Gen Bank database (accession No. MH 923012), Within five different CO2 levels of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 L / min during the 24-day laboratory study period grown with NPK culture medium, The study showed that Chlorella sorokiniana is more efficient than Coelastrella sp. Through the treatment time for gas, which reached 92.94% of Chlorella sorokiniana after 3 days from the start of the study, the highest level of gas was 25 L / min, which was equivalent to 6000 mg / l. In addition to producing biomass weights compared to the biomass weights of Coelastrella sp, the biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana also produced more biochemical contents than those of Coelastrella sp, represented by the ratios of Lipid, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. The results of the study also showed an exponential increase in the uniform optical density of Chlorella sorokiniana within the five gas levels, which amounted to 0.294, 0.311, 0.345, 0.431 and 0.511 nm, respectively, compared to the control of 0.098 nm for day 24 of culture.&nbsp