But Not Both:The Exclusive Disjunction in Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)

The application of Boolean logic using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is becoming more frequent in political science but is still in its relative infancy. Boolean ‘AND’ and ‘OR’ are used to express and simplify combinations of necessary and sufficient conditions. This paper draws out a distinction overlooked by the QCA literature: the difference between inclusive- and exclusive-or (OR and XOR). It demonstrates that many scholars who have used the Boolean OR in fact mean XOR, discusses the implications of this confusion and explains the applications of XOR to QCA. Although XOR can be expressed in terms of OR and AND, explicit use of XOR has several advantages: it mirrors natural language closely, extends our understanding of equifinality and deals with mutually exclusive clusters of sufficiency conditions. XOR deserves explicit treatment within QCA because it emphasizes precisely the values that make QCA attractive to political scientists: contextualization, confounding variables, and multiple and conjunctural causation

Philips is slecht in verandermanagement

No abstract

Management as a profession:a grand societal challenge

The future of management as a profession is dependent on the rise of new forms of management, including both circularity and distributed leadership. This requires a transition away from the widespread belief that management is something done by a few individuals at the top of an organisation. As part of this transition, there is a need to shift attention from human agents towards management technologies. Professor Georges Romme, from Eindhoven University of Technology, explains how the quest for management as a science-based profession can be revitalised

Slimste regio moet erkenning nu ook vermarkten

De jury van het International Community Forum beschrijft Eindhoven als een industriële regio, met een structureel hoog kostenniveau, die hightech producten voortbrengt met veel toegevoegde waarde

Toezicht vraagt verantwoordelijkheid en macht op alle niveaus

In this column, I provide a novel perspective on the debate on governance of (semi)public institutions in the Netherlands, arguing that governance is a key task and responsibility at all levels of the organization

Climbing up and down the hierarchy of accountability:implications for organization design

The notion of organizational hierarchy is disputed, also in view of the rise of new organizational forms claimed to have ‘hierarchies without bosses’. To better understand the contested nature of hierarchy, this essay provides a systemic perspective on organizational hierarchy defined as a sequence, or ladder, of accountability levels. I then argue this ladder can be used in a top-down manner (e.g., as a chain of command), but also in bottom-up ways (e.g., by employees taking charge of higher-level responsibilities). Subsequently, several propositions that may guide future work in this area are formulated and the implications for organization design are fleshed out. Overall, the notion of hierarchy may become less contested by defining it as an accountability ladder which can be instantiated and used in highly different ways