Singularity formation in the strongly nonlinear wide-vortex/Tollmien-Schlichting-wave interaction equations

Published versio

Summarizing First-Person Videos from Third Persons' Points of Views

Video highlight or summarization is among interesting topics in computer vision, which benefits a variety of applications like viewing, searching, or storage. However, most existing studies rely on training data of third-person videos, which cannot easily generalize to highlight the first-person ones. With the goal of deriving an effective model to summarize first-person videos, we propose a novel deep neural network architecture for describing and discriminating vital spatiotemporal information across videos with different points of view. Our proposed model is realized in a semi-supervised setting, in which fully annotated third-person videos, unlabeled first-person videos, and a small number of annotated first-person ones are presented during training. In our experiments, qualitative and quantitative evaluations on both benchmarks and our collected first-person video datasets are presented.Comment: 16+10 pages, ECCV 201

The current use, and opinions of elite athletes and support staff in relation to genetic testing in elite sport within the UK

The purpose of the study was to investigate the current use of genetic testing in UK elite sport and assess how genetic testing might be received by those employed in elite sport. Seventy-two elite athletes and 95 support staff at UK sports clubs and governing bodies completed an online survey of 11 questions concerning their experience of genetic testing and beliefs regarding the use of genetic testing in sport. Genetic testing related to sports performance and injury susceptibility is conducted in UK elite sport, albeit by a relatively small proportion of athletes (≤17%) and support staff (≤8%). Athletes and their support staff agree that genetics are important in determining elite status (≥79%) and appear willing to engage in genetic testing for individualising training to improve sport performance and reduce injury risk. Opinion was divided on whether genetic information should be used to identify talented athletes and influence selection, eligibility or employment status. Genetic testing for sports performance and injury susceptibility occurs in UK elite sport, however it is not commonly conducted. There is a belief that genetics is an important factor in determining an athlete and there is a willingness to engage in genetic testing for sports performance and injury susceptibility

Long-term benefit from immune modulation and anti-inflammatory treatment in metastatic mesothelioma.

A 64 year old male heating engineer was investigated for a persistent cough and found to have epithelioid mesothelioma with pleural effusion, lung nodules and increased thoracic lymph nodes. He declined standard of care treatment following his own research and he was enrolled in a named patient programme of IMM-101. He was advised to correct his low vitamin D3 level and to start using anti-inflammatories such as aspirin, bromelain and low dose Naltrexone. At review one year later a CT scan showed no change and he continued on the regimen. Four years after the diagnosis a CT scan showed that there was a modest but definite progression of the left malignant pleural thickening, and a new right-sided effusion, enlargement of several intrathoracic nodes which had been noted on the early scans. The chest wall lump eventually broke down and required local radiotherapy. He then developed abdominal pain and found to have peritoneal disease. Last year he obtained the cannabinoids CBD and THC which slowed down the disease and a CT scan after he had been on this for six months, showed that his disease was fairly stable with marginal progression

Neuromodulation of innate immunity by remote ischaemic conditioning in humans: Experimental cross-over study.

Experimental animal studies on the mechanisms of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC)-induced cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury demonstrate involvement of both neuronal and humoral pathways. Autonomic parasympathetic (vagal) pathways confer organ protection through both direct innervation and/or immunomodulation, but evidence in humans is lacking. During acute inflammation, vagal release of acetylcholine suppresses CD11b expression, a critical β2-integrin regulating neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium and transmigration to sites of injury. Here, we tested the hypothesis that RIC recruits vagal activity in humans and has an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing neutrophil CD11b expression. Participants (age:50 ​± ​19 years; 53% female) underwent ultrasound-guided injection of local anaesthetic within the brachial plexus before applying 3 ​× ​8 min cycles of brachial artery occlusion using a blood pressure cuff (RICblock). RIC was repeated 6 weeks later without brachial plexus block. Masked analysers quantified vagal activity (heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV)) before, and 10 ​min after, the last cycle of RIC. RR-interval increased after RIC (reduced heart rate) by 40 ​ms (95% confidence intervals (95%CI):13-66; n ​= ​17 subjects; P ​= ​0.003). RR-interval did not change after brachial plexus blockade (mean difference: 20 ​ms (95%CI:-11 to 50); P ​= ​0.19). The high-frequency component of HRV was reduced after RICblock, but remained unchanged after RIC (P ​< ​0.001), indicating that RIC preserved vagal activity. LPS-induced CD16+CD11b+ expression in whole blood (measured by flow cytometry) was reduced by RIC (3615 median fluorescence units (95%CI:475-6754); P = 0.026), compared with 2331 units (95%CI:-3921 to 8582); P = 0.726) after RICblock. These data suggest that in humans RIC recruits vagal cardiac and anti-inflammatory mechanisms via ischaemia/reperfusion-induced activation of sensory nerve fibres that innervate the organ undergoing RIC

Mailed Outreach Invitations Significantly Improve HCC Surveillance Rates in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147207/1/hep30129-sup-0001-Appendix.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147207/2/hep30129_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147207/3/hep30129.pd

Label-Free Fluorescent Mesoporous Bioglass for Drug Delivery, Optical Triple-Mode Imaging, and Photothermal/Photodynamic Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Nanomaterials combined with phototherapy and multimodal imaging are promising for cancer theranostics. Our aim is to develop fluorescent mesoporous bioglass nanoparticles (fBGn) based on carbon dots (CD) with delivery, triple-mode imaging, and photothermal (PTT) properties for cancer theranostics. A direct and label-free approach was used to prepare multicolor fluorescent fBGn with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane as the surface-functionalizing agent. The calcination at 400 °C provided fBGn with high fluorescence intensity originating from the CD. In particular, a triple-mode emission [fluorescence imaging, two-photon (TP), and Raman imaging] was observed which depended on CD nature and surface properties such as surface oxidation edge state, amorphous region, nitrogen passivation of surface state, and crystalline region. The fBGn also exhibited phototherapeutic properties such as photodynamic (PDT) and PTT effects. The antitumor effect of the combined PDT/PTT therapy was significantly higher than that of individual (PDT or PTT) therapy. The fBGn, due to the mesoporous structure, the anticancer drug doxorubicin could be loaded and released in a pH-dependent way to show chemotherapy effects on cancer cells. The in vivo imaging and biocompatibility of fBGn were also demonstrated in a nude mouse model. The fBGn, with the combined capacity of anticancer delivery, triple-mode imaging, and PTT/PDT therapy, are considered to be potentially useful for cancer theranostics

Simulation method for investigating the use of transition-edge sensors as spectroscopic electron detectors

Transition-edge sensors (TESs) are capable of highly accurate single particle energy measurement. TESs have been used for a wide range of photon detection applications, particularly in astronomy, but very little consideration has been given to their capabilities as electron calorimeters. Existing electron spectrometers require electron filtering optics to achieve energy discrimination, but this step discards the vast majority of electrons entering the instrument. TESs require no such energy filtering, meaning they could provide orders of magnitude improvement in measurement rate. To investigate the capabilities of TESs in electron spectroscopy, a simulation pipeline has been devised. The pipeline allows the results of a simulated experiment to be compared with the actual spectrum of the incident beam, thereby allowing measurement accuracy and efficiency to be studied. Using Fisher information, the energy resolution of the simulated detectors was also calculated, allowing the intrinsic limitations of the detector to be separated from the specific data analysis method used. The simulation platform has been used to compare the performance of TESs with existing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysers. TESs cannot match the energy resolution of XPS analysers for high-precision measurements but have comparable or better resolutions for high count rate applications. The measurement rate of a typical XPS analyser can be matched by an array of 10 TESs with 120 microsecond response times and there is significant scope for improvement, without compromising energy resolution, by increasing array size

Socioeconomic predictors and consequences of depression among primary care attenders with non-communicable diseases in the Western Cape, South Africa:Cohort study within a randomised trial

Background: Socioeconomic predictors and consequences of depression and its treatment were investigated in 4393 adults with specified non-communicable diseases attending 38 public sector primary care clinics in the Eden and Overberg districts of the Western Cape, South Africa.   Methods: Participants were interviewed at baseline in 2011 and 14 months later, as part of a randomised controlled trial of a guideline-based intervention to improve diagnosis and management of chronic diseases. The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was used to assess depression symptoms, with higher scores representing more depressed mood. Results: Higher CESD-10 scores at baseline were independently associated with being less educated (p=0.004) and having lower income (p=0.003). CESD-10 scores at follow-up were higher in participants with less education (p=0.010) or receiving welfare grants (p=0.007) independent of their baseline scores. Participants with CESD-10 scores of 10 or more at baseline (56% of all participants) had 25% higher odds of being unemployed at follow-up (p=0.016), independently of baseline CESD-10 score and treatment status. Among participants with baseline CESD-10 scores of 10 or more, antidepressant medication at baseline was independently more likely in participants who had more education (p=0.002), higher income (p<0.001), or were unemployed (p=0.001). Antidepressant medication at follow up was independently more likely in participants with higher income (p=0.023), and in clinics with better access to pharmacists (p=0.053) and off-site drug delivery (p=0.013).  Conclusions: Socioeconomic disadvantage appears to be both a cause and consequence of depression, and may also be a barrier to treatment. There are opportunities for improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of depression in primary care in inequitable middle income countries like South Africa.  Trial registration: The trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN20283604) and the Office for Human Research Protections Database (IRB00001938, FWA00001637)

Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors versus combination intensive therapy with conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in established rheumatoid arthritis: TACIT non-inferiority randomised controlled trial

National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) programme (project No 06/303/84)