Business analytics in industry 4.0: a systematic review

Recently, the term “Industry 4.0” has emerged to characterize several Information Technology and Communication (ICT) adoptions in production processes (e.g., Internet-of-Things, implementation of digital production support information technologies). Business Analytics is often used within the Industry 4.0, thus incorporating its data intelligence (e.g., statistical analysis, predictive modelling, optimization) expert system component. In this paper, we perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the usage of Business Analytics within the Industry 4.0 concept, covering a selection of 169 papers obtained from six major scientific publication sources from 2010 to March 2020. The selected papers were first classified in three major types, namely, Practical Application, Reviews and Framework Proposal. Then, we analysed with more detail the practical application studies which were further divided into three main categories of the Gartner analytical maturity model, Descriptive Analytics, Predictive Analytics and Prescriptive Analytics. In particular, we characterized the distinct analytics studies in terms of the industry application and data context used, impact (in terms of their Technology Readiness Level) and selected data modelling method. Our SLR analysis provides a mapping of how data-based Industry 4.0 expert systems are currently used, disclosing also research gaps and future research opportunities.The work of P. Cortez was supported by FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. We would like to thank to the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions

Evaluation of novel coagulation and platelet function assays in patients with chronic kidney disease

BACKGROUND: Hemostasis evaluation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is critical for optimal management of thrombotic and bleeding events. Standard coagulation screens are inadequate for predicting coagulopathy in CKD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemostasis parameters in patients with different stages of CKD using novel coagulation assays. PATIENTS/METHODS: Cross‐sectional study of 30 healthy controls (HC) and 120 CKD patients (10 Stage 2, 20 Stage 3, 20 Stage 4, 20 Stage 5 not requiring renal replacement therapy, 20 transplant, 10 newly started on hemodialysis [HD], 20 established on HD). Standard laboratory tests were performed in addition to rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA), thrombin generation assays, D‐dimer, and markers of thrombogenesis (thrombin‐antithrombin [TAT]), fibrinolysis, and endothelial activation (intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 [ICAM‐1]). RESULTS: D‐dimer, TAT, and ICAM‐1 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with CKD than HC (P < .01). ROTEM maximum clot firmness was significantly higher in patients than in HC (P < .01). In CKD Stage 5 patients (pre‐HD and started HD) adenosine diphosphate and thrombin receptor activating peptide MEA tests were significantly lower than HC indicating platelet aggregation defect (P < .05). Multivariate analysis confirmed the direct effect of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the variance of ROTEM and MEA tests. Endogenous thrombin potential and peak thrombin were not statistically different between groups, but Stage 5 CKD patients had prolonged lag time (7.91 vs. 6.33, P < .001) and time to thrombin peak (10.8 vs. 9.5, P < .05) compared to HC. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CKD exhibit features of concomitant hypercoagulability measured by ROTEM and platelet dysfunction measured with MEA. eGFR was an independent determinant of platelet dysfunction and hypercoagulability