2 research outputs found
The Quality of Work Life: An Empirical Study
Merged with duplicate record (10026.1/2769) on 03.01.2017 by CS (TIS)This research examines the quality of work life in a selection of pharmaceutical
companies in Egypt. It aims to test the relationships between the employees' perceptions of
their quality of work life and; their perceptions of the degree of participation in decisionmaking
available to them, their perceptions of their level of job satisfaction, their
perceptions of their level of affective, continuance, and normative commitment, and the
ownership form of the company.
It uses a sample of 1270 employees in three different ownership forms; public,
private, and multinational pharmaceutical companies in Egypt. The total sample size is
proportionately distributed (i. e. the actual 'sample size has been distributed between the
three ownership forms based on the percentage of employees in each ownership form to
the total size of the population) among' , the three, forms Of ownership (public companies
889, private companies = 165, and multinational companies = 216 employee). The number
of employees surveyed in each company has also been proportionately distributed.
The perceptions of the targeted employees are surveyed using a questionnaire that
contains 81 items.
The collected data are analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) programme.
The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant positive relationship
between the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life and; their perceptions of
the degree of participation in decision-making available to them, and their perceptions of
their level of job satisfaction. A significant positive and partial relationship is found
between the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life and their perceptions of
III
their level of affective, continuance, and normative commitment, as it is expected, by the
researcher, that the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life may positively
affect their perceptions of their level of affective, continuance, and normative commitment
through affecting their perceptions of their level of job satisfaction. A significant
relationship is found between the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life and
the ownership form of the company. The results also indicate that employees perceive their
quality of work life to be greater or better in the multinational pharmaceutical companies
than are the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life in both the private and
public pharmaceutical companies in Egypt. Furthermore, the results indicate that the
employees' perceptions of their quality of work life in the private phan-naceutical
companies are better than the employees' perceptions of their quality of work life in the
public phan-naceutical companies in Egypt.
A set of quality of work life criteria that seems important to employees in the
pharmaceutical companies in Egypt, and which might therefore be productively addressed
by employers/organisations has been identified. In addition, some implications for HR
practices in Egypt have been raised and discussed. Finally, a set of models that could
clarify the interactive relationship between the variables that have been investigated in this
research in the Egyptian context has been developed. It is suggested that the set of quality
of work life criteria as well as the models might fon-n the basis for future researches of this
type
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study
Background: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling.
Methods: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty.
Results: NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year.
Conclusion: As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population