40 research outputs found
Genotoxicity of a carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene for cells of neuronal differentiation lineage
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»-9,10-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ (BPDE) β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ BPDE Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ PC12 ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ BPDE. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² BPDE Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
PC12 ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
BPDE Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ PC12 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² BPDE ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, BPDE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ BPDE Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»-9,10-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»-9,10-Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ (BPDE) β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² BPDE Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°- Π½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ PC12 ΡΠ° Π΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ BPDE. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² BPDE Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
PC12 Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΡ, Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· BPDE ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ PC12 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² BPDE Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΡΠΆ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠ². ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π£ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ BPDE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² BPDE Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΡΠ»- ΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π²ΡΠ΅, Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ, Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»-9.10-Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° Π³ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°.Aim. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) is the major metabolite of an environmental carcinogen, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene. The effects BPDE could have on neuronal cells progenitors are mostly uncharacterized. Methods. We have studied survival and morphology of cultured PC12 cells and mouse embryonic hippocampal neurons in the presence of BPDE. We have also used post-labeling to compare accumulation of BPDE adducts in cultured PC12 cells and fibroblasts. Results. The survival of cells and the level of adducts depended on the type of extracellular matrix to which the cells were attached. At tolerated BPDE doses, the adducts formed by this metabolite were efficiently repaired. In PC12 cells, BPDE toxicity and the level of adducts was generally lower than in fibroblasts. Conclusions. Overall, BPDE may be detrimental for develo- ping neural tissue. However, the effects of BPDE on cells with the ability to differentiate into the neuronal lineage may depend on the cell microenvironment.
Keywords: DNA damage, DNA repair, genotoxicity, benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide, neuronal lineage
Discrimination between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus mitis based on sorting of their MALDI mass spectra
AbstractAccurate species-level identification of alpha-hemolytic (viridans) streptococci (VGS) is very important for understanding their pathogenicity and virulence. However, an extremely high level of similarity between VGS within the mitis group (S. pneumoniae, S. mitis, S. oralis and S. pseudopneumoniae) often results in misidentification of these organisms. Earlier, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionizationβtime of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been suggested as a tool for the rapid identification of S. pneumoniae. However, by using Biotyper 3.0 (Bruker) or Vitek MS (bioMΓ©rieux) databases, Streptococcus mitis/oralis species can be erroneously identified as S. pneumoniae. ClinProTools 2.1 software was used for the discrimination of MALDI-TOF mass spectra of 25 S. pneumoniae isolates, 34 S. mitis and three S. oralis. Phenotypical tests and multilocus gene typing schemes for the S. pneumoniae (http://spneumoniae.mlst.net/) and viridans streptococci (http://viridans.emlsa.net/) were used for the identification of isolates included in the study. The classifying model was generated based on different algorithms (Genetic Algorithm, Supervised Neural Network and QuickClassifier). In all cases, values of sensitivity and specificity were found to be equal or close to 100%, allowing discrimination of mass spectra of different species. Three peaks (6949, 9876 and 9975 m/z) were determined conferring the maximal statistical weight onto each model built. We find this approach to be promising for viridans streptococci discrimination
Genotoxicity of a carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene for cells of neuronal differentiation lineage
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»-9,10-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ (BPDE) β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ BPDE Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ PC12 ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ BPDE. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² BPDE Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
PC12 ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
BPDE Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ PC12 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² BPDE ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, BPDE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ BPDE Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»-9,10-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»-9,10-Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ (BPDE) β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² BPDE Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°- Π½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ PC12 ΡΠ° Π΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ BPDE. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² BPDE Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
PC12 Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΡ, Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· BPDE ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ PC12 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² BPDE Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΡΠΆ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠ². ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π£ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ BPDE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² BPDE Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΡΠ»- ΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π²ΡΠ΅, Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ, Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ[a]ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½-7,8-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»-9.10-Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° Π³ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°.Aim. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) is the major metabolite of an environmental carcinogen, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene. The effects BPDE could have on neuronal cells progenitors are mostly uncharacterized. Methods. We have studied survival and morphology of cultured PC12 cells and mouse embryonic hippocampal neurons in the presence of BPDE. We have also used post-labeling to compare accumulation of BPDE adducts in cultured PC12 cells and fibroblasts. Results. The survival of cells and the level of adducts depended on the type of extracellular matrix to which the cells were attached. At tolerated BPDE doses, the adducts formed by this metabolite were efficiently repaired. In PC12 cells, BPDE toxicity and the level of adducts was generally lower than in fibroblasts. Conclusions. Overall, BPDE may be detrimental for develo- ping neural tissue. However, the effects of BPDE on cells with the ability to differentiate into the neuronal lineage may depend on the cell microenvironment.
Keywords: DNA damage, DNA repair, genotoxicity, benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide, neuronal lineage
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° VEGF (Π°ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡ) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠ°ΡΡΠ° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ
The presented case report demonstrates a reduction of retinal edema and leveling of exudative component as a result of intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor for a 11-year male patient with Coats retinitis.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ 11 Π»Π΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ°ΡΡΠ°
Core Level Width Deconvolution of EXAFS Spectra
A problem of core level width deconvolution in EXAFS spectroscopy is discussed. A method has been developed
which allows a correction of experimental spectra. A special iterative algorithm .of solving the integral equation has been
proposed. The method has several advantages over other previous ones such as a high stability to statistical noise, a good
convergence. An EXAFS spectrum of polycrystalline Pd with a core level width Ξ=6.1 eV is presented as an example where the
broadening effect is essential
Synthesis of 2-aryl-substituted 3-allyl-7-carboxyphthalamidines - New synthones for the construction of isoindolo[2,1-a]quinolines [1]
[No abstract available
Π£ΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π±Ρ (Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ) ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ
Purpose.The study of stability of visual organ to high volumes of bevacizumab (Avastin) doses in its systemic application in children with malignant solid tumors to determine possibilities of its use in children in case of retinopathy of prematurity. Material and methods.The study examination included 25 children (ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°) aged from 3 to 17 years with malignant solid tumors. A standard ophthalmologic examination was carried out before and after performed treatment using:visometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, refractometry, tonometry. Results. Changes in visual organ were insignificant and not critical: appearance of anisocoria was detected in 4% of cases that was resolved during 24 hours, edema of conjunctiva was noted in 4% of cases and conjunctivitis was developed 2 days after the treatment start. Moderate norrowed arteries were observed in 16% of cases. Moderate norrowed arteries were found before systemic application of bevacizumab (Avastin) only in 3 patients (12% of cases). Intraocular pressure remained practically on the same level that was before the treatment. Conclusion.The systemic application of bevacizumab in children with malignant tumors using doses in 600 times higher the dose for intravitreal injection demonstrates a big stability of ocular tissues and functions to inhibitors of angiogenesis, does not cause pathologic changes in them. The performed study allows to transfer to intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in case of retinopathy of prematurityΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠ ΠΠ’ Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π±Π° (Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 25 Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ (ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 3 Π΄ΠΎ 17 Π»Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ: Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ: Π² 4% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ, Π² 4% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° 2-ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π 16% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π±Π° (Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°) ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Ρ 3 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (12% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π²). ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π±Π° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ Π² 600 ΡΠ°Π· ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°, Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π±Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Substituted and spiro-annelated perhydro-1,2,3-oxathiazine 2,2-dioxides and 1-benzyl-4-methylazetidines
We obtained perhydro-1,2,3-oxathiazine 2,2-dioxides by cyclization of 4-N-benzylamino-4-tetramethylene(phenyl-, methylphenyl-, dimethyl)but-1-enes in conc. H 2SO 4 at 25Β°C. When treated with an alcoholic solution of base, the oxathiazines are converted to 2-substituted and spiro-annelated 1-benzyl-4-methylazetidines