Laser spectroscopy of hyperfine structure in highly-charged ions: a test of QED at high fields

An overview is presented of laser spectroscopy experiments with cold, trapped, highly-charged ions, which will be performed at the HITRAP facility at GSI in Darmstadt (Germany). These high-resolution measurements of ground state hyperfine splittings will be three orders of magnitude more precise than previous measurements. Moreover, from a comparison of measurements of the hyperfine splittings in hydrogen- and lithium-like ions of the same isotope, QED effects at high electromagnetic fields can be determined within a few percent. Several candidate ions suited for these laser spectroscopy studies are presented.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. accepted for Canadian Journal of Physics (2006

Translation to practice: a randomised controlled study of an evidenced based booklet targeted at breast care nurses in the United Kingdom

BACKGROUND: In the United Kingdom (UK), it was documented that a problem of knowledge transfer existed within the speciality of breast-cancer care, thus depriving patients of receiving optimal care. Despite increasingly robust research evidence indicating recommendation of whole body exercise for people affected by breast cancer, commensurate changes to practice were not noted amongst breast-care nurses (BCNs). AIM: To evaluate the effect of a targeted booklet, Exercise and Breast Cancer: A Booklet for Breast-Care Nurses, on changes in knowledge, reported practice, and attitudes of BCNs in the UK. METHOD: A prospective, experimental approach was used for designing a pre- and post-test randomised controlled study. Comparisons of knowledge, reported practice, and attitudes based on responses to a questionnaire were made at two time-points in two groups of BCNs (control and experimental). The unit of randomisation and analysis was hospital clusters of BCNs. The sample comprised 92 nurses from 62 hospitals. Analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and clustered regression techniques: clustered logistic regression for knowledge items, clustered linear regression for knowledge scores, ologit for attitude and reported practice items, and clustered multiple regression for paired and multiple variable analysis. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in knowledge and changes in reported practice and attitudes were found. Robust variables affecting knowledge acquisition were: promotion of health, promotion of exercise, and understanding how exercise can reduce cancer-related fatigue. DISCUSSION: The study has shown that evidence-based printed material, such as an information booklet, can be used as an effective research dissemination method when developed for needs, values, and context of a target audience. CONCLUSIONS: This practical approach to research dissemination could be replicated and applied to other groups of nurses.</p

Abundances of the elements in the solar system

A review of the abundances and condensation temperatures of the elements and their nuclides in the solar nebula and in chondritic meteorites. Abundances of the elements in some neighboring stars are also discussed.Comment: 42 pages, 11 tables, 8 figures, chapter, In Landolt- B\"ornstein, New Series, Vol. VI/4B, Chap. 4.4, J.E. Tr\"umper (ed.), Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag, p. 560-63

On Global Aspects Of Gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten Model

This is a thesis for Rigaku-Hakushi($\simeq$ Ph. D.). It clarifies the geometric meaning and field theoretical consequences of the spectral flows acting on the space of states of the `$G/H$ coset model'. As suggested by Moore and Seiberg, the spectral flow is realized as the response of states to certain change of background gauge field together with the gauge transformation on a circle. Applied to the boundary circle of a disc with field insertion, such a realization leads to a certain relation among correlators of the gauged WZW model for various principal $H$-bundles. In the course of derivation, we find an expression of a (dressed) gauge invariant field as an integral over the flag manifold of $H$ and an expression of a correlator as an integral over a certain moduli space of holomorphic $H_{\bf C}$-bundles with quasi-flag structure at the insertion point. We also find that the gauge transformation on the circle corresponding to the spectral flow determines a bijection of the set of isomorphism classes of holomorphic $H_{\bf C}$-bundles with quasi-flag structure of one topological type to that of another. As an application, it is pointed out that problems arising from the field identification fixed points may be resolved by taking into account of all principal $H$-bundles.Comment: (Thesis) 125 pages, UT-Komaba/94-3 (Latex errors are corrected

Luminescence spectra and kinetics of disordered solid solutions

We have studied both theoretically and experimentally the luminescence spectra and kinetics of crystalline, disordered solid solutions after pulsed excitation. First, we present the model calculations of the steady-state luminescence band shape caused by recombination of excitons localized in the wells of random potential induced by disorder. Classification of optically active tail states of the main exciton band into two groups is proposed. The majority of the states responsible for the optical absorption corresponds to the group of extended states belonging to the percolation cluster, whereas only a relatively small group of “radiative” states forms the steady-state luminescence band. The continuum percolation theory is applied to distinguish the “radiative” localized states, which are isolated in space and have no ways for nonradiative transitions along the tail states. It is found that the analysis of the exciton-phonon interaction gives the information about the character of the localization of excitons. We have shown that the model used describes quite well the experimental cw spectra of CdS(1−c)Sec and ZnSe(1−c)Tec solid solutions. Further, the experimental results are presented for the temporal evolution of the luminescence band. It is shown that the changes of band shape with time come from the interplay of population dynamics of extended states and spatially isolated “radiative” states. Finally, the measurements of the decay of the spectrally integrated luminescence intensity at long delay times are presented. It is shown that the observed temporal behavior can be described in terms of relaxation of separated pairs followed by subsequent exciton formation and radiative recombination. Electron tunneling processes are supposed to be responsible for the luminescence in the long-time limit at excitation below the exciton mobility edge. At excitation by photons with higher energies the diffusion of electrons can account for the observed behavior of the luminescence

Large-scale sequencing identifies multiple genes and rare variants associated with Crohn's disease susceptibility

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of loci associated with Crohn's disease (CD). However, as with all complex diseases, robust identification of the genes dysregulated by noncoding variants typically driving GWAS discoveries has been challenging. Here, to complement GWASs and better define actionable biological targets, we analyzed sequence data from more than 30,000 patients with CD and 80,000 population controls. We directly implicate ten genes in general onset CD for the first time to our knowledge via association to coding variation, four of which lie within established CD GWAS loci. In nine instances, a single coding variant is significantly associated, and in the tenth, ATG4C, we see additionally a significantly increased burden of very rare coding variants in CD cases. In addition to reiterating the central role of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as autophagy in CD pathogenesis, these newly associated genes highlight the emerging role of mesenchymal cells in the development and maintenance of intestinal inflammation.Large-scale sequence-based analyses identify novel risk variants and susceptibility genes for Crohn's disease, and implicate mesenchymal cell-mediated intestinal homeostasis in disease etiology.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

New Words and Meanings in the Russian Language of the 21st Century (based on the language unit “fake”)

Сегал Наталья Александровна, доктор филологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры русского, славянского и общего языкознания, Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского (Симферо-поль), [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0002-8213-5050 Мищенко Анна Николаевна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры русского,славянского и общего языкознания, Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского (Симферополь), [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0002-7088-0942 Уварова Ирина Викторовна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой лингвистики, Кубанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России (Краснодар), [email protected];ORCID: 0000-0002-9378-4494 Natalya A. Segal, Doctor of Philology, Аssociate Рrofessor, Аssociate Рrofessor of the Department of Rus-sian, Slavic and General Linguistics, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University (Simferopol), [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0002-8213-5050 Anna N. Mishchenko, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Rus-sian, Slavic and General Linguistics, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University (Simferopol), [email protected], ORCID: 0000-0002-7088-0942 Irina V. Uvarova, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Head of the Department of Linguistics, Kuban State Medical University (Krasnodar); ORCID: 0000-0002-9378-4494В статье рассматривается вопрос об особенностях функционирования языковой единицы «фейк» в текстах СМИ различной направленности за период с 2014 по 2022 г. Уделяется внимание исследованиям, посвященным анализу феномена «фейк» как лингвистического, так и нелингвистического понятия для комплексного понимания специфики исследуемой единицы. Новизна исследования видится в том, что впервые предпринята попытка системного и многоаспектного анализа языковой единицы «фейк», активно функционирующей в современных медиа разных типов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена широкой популярностью понятия «фейк», его закрепленностью в языковой картине мира представителей разных культурных традиций, обусловливающей расширение семантико-прагматического, деривационного и метафорического потенциала, номинирующей понятие единицы в текстах СМИ. Приводятся определения феномена «фейк» как объекта лингвистических и междисциплинарных исследований. Доказано, что языковая единица «фейк» в текстах русскоязычных СМИ приобретает дополнительную семантику и меняет свой коннотативный фон, обусловленный политическими событиями и прагматическими установками автора медиатекста. The functional peculiarities of the language unit “fake” in media texts of various directions for the period from 2014 to 2022 are considered. Attention is paid to the studies devoted to analyzing the phe-nomenon of “fake” as a linguistic and nonlinguistic concept for a comprehensive understanding of the specifics of the unit under study. The novelty of the research is seen in an attempt to systematically and comprehensively analyze the language unit “fake”, which is actively functioning in modern media of various types. The relevance of the research is due to the wide popularity of the concept of “fake”, its fixation in the linguistic worldview of representatives of different cultural traditions, which determines the expansion of the semantic-pragmatic, derivational and metaphorical potential of the nominating unit in the texts of the media. Definitions of the phenomenon of “fake” as an object of linguistic and inter-disciplinary research are given. The research results prove that the language unit “fake” in the texts of Russian-language media acquires additional semantics and changes its connotative background due to political events and pragmatic attitudes of the author of the media textИсследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РНФ № 22-28-00064 «Теория и методика метафорического моделирования образа полиции в электронных СМИ России, Украины и Белоруссии: аксиология, эволюция, ситуационная динамика, прагматика»