9 research outputs found
Transition Radiation by Neutrinos
We calculate the transition radiation process at an
interface of two media. The neutrinos are taken to be with only standard-model
couplings. The medium fulfills the dual purpose of inducing an effective
neutrino-photon vertex and of modifying the photon dispersion relation. The
transition radiation occurs when at least one of those quantities have
different values in different media. The neutrino mass is ignored due to its
negligible contribution. We present a result for the probability of the
transition radiation which is both accurate and analytic. For MeV
neutrino crossing polyethylene-vacuum interface the transition radiation
probability is about and the energy intensity is about
eV. At the surface of the neutron stars the transition radiation probability
may be . Our result on three orders of magnitude is larger than
the results of previous calculations
The electromagnetic vertex of neutrinos in an electron background and a magnetic field
We study the electromagnetic vertex function of a neutrino that propagates in
an electron background in the presence of a static magnetic field. The
structure of the vertex function under the stated conditions is determined and
it is written down in terms of a minimal and complete set of tensors. The
one-loop expressions for all the form factors is given, up to terms that are
linear in the magnetic field, and the approximate integral formulas that hold
in the long wavelength limit are obtained. We discuss the physical
interpretation of some of the form factors and their relation with the concept
of the neutrino induced charge. The neutrino acquires a longitudinal and a
transverse charge, due to the fact that the form factors depend on the
transverse and longitudinal components of the photon momentum independently. We
compute those form factors explicitly in various limiting cases and find that
the longitudinal and transverse charge are the same for the case of a
non-relativistic electron gas, but not otherwise.Comment: 18 pages. Revtex4, axodra
Toward Automatic Label-Free Whispering Gallery Modes Biodetection with a Quantum Dot-Coated Microsphere Population
We explore a new calibration-free approach to biodetection based on whispering gallery modes (WGMs) without a reference measure and relative shifts. Thus, the requirement to keep track of the sensor position is removed, and a freely moving population of fluorophore-doped polystyrene microspheres can now fulfill this role of sensing resonator. Breaking free from fixed surface-based biosensing promotes adhesion between the microsphere sensors and the analytes since both can now be thoroughly mixed. The 70-nm-wide spectrum of green fluorescent microbeads allows us to monitor over 20 WGMs simultaneously without needing evanescent light coupling into the microspheres, hence enabling remote sensing. Since the exact radius of each microsphere is unknown a priori, it requires algorithmic analyses to obtain a reliable result for the refractive index of a solution. We first test our approach with different solutions of alcohol in water obtaining 3 Ă 10â4 precision on the refractive index at lower concentrations. Then, the solutions of bacterial spores in water yield clear evidence of biodetection in the statistical analysis of WGMs from 50 microspheres. To extend the fluorescence spectral range of our WGM sensors, we present preliminary results on coating microspheres with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots