Growth enhancement and survival of Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae fed Artemia nauplii enriched with cod liver oil and/or Lactobacillus

A 60-day experiment was conducted to study the single and combined effects of feeding Artemia nauplii enriched with an emulsion containing cod liver oil and/or a probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus sporogenes) on the growth and survival of Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae. Artemia enriched with the emulsion (with and without probiotic enrichment) and tissue of M. rosenbergii fed such Artemia had significantly higher (p0.05) from the control. Feeding probiotic-treated Artemia reduced pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio sp. and Pseudomonas sp.) in the gut microflora. The highest survival was recorded in the group fed Artemia nauplii enriched with both the probiotic bacteria and the cod liver oil emulsion

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Not AvailableBiofloc is a conglomeric aggregation of microbial communities such as phytoplank-ton, bacteria, and living and dead particulate organic matter. Biofloc technology involvesmanipulation of C/N ratio to convert toxic nitrogenous wastes into the useful microbial proteinand helps in improving water quality under a zero water exchange system. It may act as acomplete source of nutrition for aquatic organisms, along with some bioactive compounds thatwill enhance growth, survival, and defense mechanisms, and acts as a novel approach forhealth management in aquaculture by stimulating innate immune system of animals. Nutri-tionally, the floc biomass provides a complete source of nutrition as well as various bioactivecompounds that are useful for improving the overall welfare indicators of aquatic organisms.Beneficial microbial bacterial floc and its derivative compounds such as organic acids,polyhydroxy acetate and polyhydroxy butyrate, could resist the growth of other pathogens,thus serves as a natural probiotic and immunostimulant. The technology is useful in maintain-ing optimum water quality parameters under a zero water exchange system, thus preventseutrophication and effluent discharge into the surrounding environment. Moreover, the tech-nology will be useful to ensure biosecurity, as there is no water exchange except sludgeremoval. The technology is economically viable, environmentally sustainable, and socially acceptable.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe present study was carried out to find the suitable salinity for growth performance and survival of Pangasianodonhypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) in inland saline water. P. hypophthalmus (0.41±0.03g) 225 fishes were stocked in five treatments in triplicate for 60 days. The experimental design consisted of freshwater as control and inland ground saline water with salinities 5,10,15, 20 and 25 ppt as treatment groups T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively .The results indicate that P. hypophthalmus can tolerate the salinities up to 15 ppt in inland saline water where as 100% mortality was observed treatments (20 ppt) and (25 ppt) after 48 hours and 18 hours respectively. Osmotic study using serum osmolality, water osmolality, and osmoregulatory capacity indicated that, P. hypophthalmus cannot survive at higher salinities. The stress level in the animals at higher salinities is indicated by higher blood urea level, reduction in total serum protein, variable calcium and magnesium concentration in serum and histological studies. Though P. hypophthalmus survived up to 15 ppt but the optimum salinity for culture is 10 ppt in inland saline water.Not Availabl

Short Term Ration Restriction and Re-alimentation: Effect on Compensatory Growth, Body Composition and Insulin-like Growth Factor Gene Expression in Cyprinus carpio

We wish to acknowledgement our sincere gratitude to the Indian Council of agricultural Research (ICAR) and The Director, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India for granting institutional fellowship for the successful completion of this piece of research work. We also acknowledge the facilities provided at Wet laboratory (Aquaculture), Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory of CIFE, Mumbai to carry out this research work successfully.Advanced fry of Cyprinus carpio (mean weight 1.73 +/- 0.02g) were fed at 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of satiation as different treatment groups and one control group (6 weeks) for first phase (restriction feeding) and a second phase (8 weeks) of satiation feeding for all the treatments. At the end of first phase, there was significant difference in mean weight among the treatment groups (P<0.05) but, after second phase (8 weeks), treatment group fed at 75% of satiation obtained significantly higher body weight than control, while 50% satiation fed group obtained similar weight as of control. FCR was found to be better at moderately restricted fed group (50% and 75% satiation). Crude protein and crude lipid content decreased in severely restricted groups (10% and 25% of satiation fed), compared to others after 14 weeks. IGF-I and IGF-2a gene expression in the liver was observed as down regulated during ration restriction and up regulated after re alimentation. However, after re-alimentation for 8 weeks, IGF-2a gene expression was recorded to be increasing and was higher than control. The study concludes that moderate levels of ration restriction (50% to 75% of satiation levels) is sufficient for effective growth and feed utilization.Indian Council of agricultural Research (ICAR)Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Indi

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Not AvailableDynamics of claw development in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879) was evaluated through monosex culture. The segregated males and females were stocked separately in two earthen ponds of 200 m2 area, at a density of 2.5 m-2 and reared for 3 months. Percentage contribution of claw weight to body weight (PCB) increased from 8.96 to 14.4% in the first month, but the change was minimal (14.4 to 17.19%) during the rest of the culture period. In order to delineate the relationship further, the data obtained was pooled together and classified into different classes based on the body weight (class interval 10 g). Interestingly, PCB in males decreased gradually upto 30 - 40 g weight class and then increased considerably for higher weight classes. But for females, the increase in PCB was marginal.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAn experimental trial was conducted for 90 days toevaluate the growth performance, immunophysio-logical response of GIFT strain of Tilapia in biofloc-based rearing system and to assess the relativepercentage survival in 3 days after challenging withthe virulent strain ofAeromonas hydrophila.Finger-lings with an average body weight 0.98 0.06 gwere stocked in triplicate at different stocking densi-ties of 200 (SD1), 250 (SD2), 300 (SD3) and 350(SD4) m 3in biofloc-based treatments and 150(C) m 3in control (clear water). Biofloc-based units(SD1 and SD2) obtained significantly better(P<0.05) growth performances at the end of theexperimental period. Mean body weight of fish in bio-floc-based units showed a decreasing trend withincrease in stocking density with 100% survival inall units including control. The stress parameterswere significantly lower in biofloc-based rearingunits especially in treatments SD1 and SD2 as com-pared to the control. The fish from the biofloc-basedunits (SD1 and SD2) possessed significantly(P<0.05) higher immune status as compared tocontrol and other biofloc treatments in terms of respi-ratory burst, serum lysozyme and myeloperoxidaseactivity. Relative survival percentages were signifi-cantly better in biofloc treatments with highest inSD1 and SD2 (83.33%) after challenge study.GIFTstrain of Tilapia at higher stocking densities 200–250 nos m 3can be taken as optimum stockingdensity whereas higher stocking densities up to350 nos m 3can be reared in the biofloc systemswithout compromising the growth and immunity.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA novel method, BBD-SSPD is proposed by the combination of Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Split-Split Plot Design (SSPD) which would ensure minimum number of experimental runs, leading to economical utilization in multi- factorial experiments. The brine shrimp Artemia was tested to study the combined effects of photoperiod, temperature and salinity, each with three levels, on the hatching percentage and hatching time of their cysts. The BBD was employed to select 13 treatment combinations out of the 27 possible combinations that were grouped in an SSPD arrangement. Multiple responses were optimized simultaneously using Derringer's desirability function. Photoperiod and temperature as well as temperature-salinity interaction were found to significantly affect the hatching percentage of Artemia, while the hatching time was significantly influenced by photoperiod and temperature, and their interaction. The optimum conditions were 23 h photoperiod, 29 °C temperature and 28 ppt salinity resulting in 96.8% hatching in 18.94 h. In order to verify the results obtained from BBD-SSPD experiment, the experiment was repeated preserving the same set up. Results of verification experiment were found to be similar to experiment originally conducted. It is expected that this method would be suitable to optimize the hatching process of animal eggs.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableBreeding performance of stunted rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) was compared with normally reared rohu. Randomly selected stunted and normal fishes were tagged and reared together in a single earthen pond for broodstock development. Both groups exhibited growth enhancement during the broodstock development period, though normal fishes were found larger in size than the stunted fishes, after the rearing period. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of female fishes indicated a similar trend of ovary growth in both the groups. Breeding performances of the broodstocks were evaluated by induced breeding trials. Parameters such as absolute fecundity, relative fecundity, number of spawns produced and hatching percentage were significantly higher (p<0.05) (almost double) in normal fishes than the stunted fishes. The present results indicate that the stunting process (6 months) is having detrimental effect on the breeding performance of rohu and thus stunted fishes are not ideal for broodstock development.Not Availabl