Status of the Lake Baikal Experiment

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and report on neutrino events recorded with the detector stages NT-36 and NT-96.Comment: 5 pages, 4 PostScript figures, uses here.sty and mine.sty, submitted to the Proc. of 5th Int. Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (LNGS INFN, Assergi, September 7-11, 1997

Registration of atmospheric neutrinos with the Baikal neutrino telescope

We present first neutrino induced events observed with a deep underwater neutrino telescope. Data from 70 days effective life time of the BAIKAL prototype telescope NT-96 have been analyzed with two different methods. With the standard track reconstruction method, 9 clear upward muon candidates have been identified, in good agreement with 8.7 events expected from Monte Carlo calculations for atmospheric neutrinos. The second analysis is tailored to muons coming from close to the opposite zenith. It yields 4 events, compared to 3.5 from Monte Carlo expectations. From this we derive a 90 % upper flux limit of 1.1 * 10^-13 cm^-2 sec^-1 for muons in excess of those expected from atmospheric neutrinos with zenith angle > 150 degrees and energy > 10GeV.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure

The Lake Baikal neutrino experiment

We rewiew the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Project and present the results of a search for high energy neutrinos with the detector intermediate stage NT-96.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of Sixth International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP99), September 6-10, 1999, Pais, Franc

The Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Experiment: Results, Status, Future

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and present results obtained with the various stages of the stepwise increasing detector: NT-36 (1993-95), NT-72 (1995-96) and NT-96 (1996-97). Results cover atmospheric muons, first clear neutrino events, search for neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the center of the Earth, search for magnetic monopoles, and -- far from astroparticle physics -- limnology.Comment: Talk given at the Int. School on Nuclear Physics, Erice, Sept.199

Baikal-GVD

We present the status of the Gigaton Volume Detector in Lake Baikal (Baikal-GVD) designed for the detection of high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. The telescope consists of functionally independent clusters, sub-arrays of optical modules (OMs), which are connected to shore by individual electro-optical cables. During 2015 the GVD demonstration cluster, comprising 192 OMs, has been successfully operated in Lake Baikal. In 2016 this array was upgraded to baseline configuration of GVD cluster with 288 OMs arranged on eight vertical strings. Thus the instrumented water volume has been increased up to about 5.9 Mtons. The array was commissioned in early April 2016 and takes data since then. We describe the configuration and design of the 2016 array. Preliminary results obtained with data recorded in 2015 are also discussed

Development of an Alternative Source of Electricity Based on Ascending Air Flows of a Natural Ventilation Shaft

Кабанов Олег Владимирович, старший преподаватель кафедры электроники и электротехники института электроники и светотехники, Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарѐва (Саранск), [email protected]. Панфилов Степан Александрович, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры электроники и электротехники института электроники и светотехники, Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарѐва (Саранск), [email protected] Мелешкин Андрей Игоревич, студент кафедры электроники и электротехники института электрони- ки и светотехники, Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарѐва (Саранск), [email protected]. O.V. Kabanov, [email protected]. S.A. Panfilov, [email protected] A.I. Meleshkin, [email protected] Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian FederationПроведены исследования скорости воздушного потока в выходном канале шахты естественной вентиляции МКД при различных температурах окружающего воздуха, а также представлены математические выражения для определения мощности, вырабатываемой ветрогенератором. Предложен альтернативный источник энергии, использующий ресурсы многоквартирного дома для получения электроэнергии. Разработанный источник автономного электроснабжения на основе восходящих тепловых потоков возможно использовать для освещения лестнично-лифтовых узлов, подвальных и чердачных помещений. Проведѐнные исследования и измерения показали целесообразность и актуальность проделанной работы и перспективы дальнейших исследований в этом направлении. Studies of the airflow velocity in the outlet channel of the natural ventilation shaft of an apartment building at different ambient temperatures are conducted, and mathematical expressions for determining the power generated by the wind-driven generator are shown. An alternative energy source, which uses the resources of an apartment building to generate electricity, is proposed. The developed source of an autonomous power supply based on ascending heat flows can be used for lighting staircase elevators, basements and attics. The conducted research and measurements have shown the feasibility and relevance of the completed work and the prospects for further research in this field

3D acoustic imaging applied to the Baikal Neutrino Telescope

A hydro-acoustic imaging system was tested in a pilot study on distant localization of elements of the Baikal underwater neutrino telescope. For this innovative approach, based on broad band acoustic echo signals and strictly avoiding any active acoustic elements on the telescope, the imaging system was temporarily installed just below the ice surface, while the telescope stayed in its standard position at 1100 m depth. The system comprised an antenna with four acoustic projectors positioned at the corners of a 50 meter square; acoustic pulses were "linear sweep-spread signals" - multiple-modulated wide-band signals (10-22 kHz) of 51.2 s duration. Three large objects (two string buoys and the central electronics module) were localized by the 3D acoustic imaging, with a accuracy of ~0.2 m (along the beam) and ~1.0 m (transverse). We discuss signal forms and parameters necessary for improved 3D acoustic imaging of the telescope, and suggest a layout of a possible stationary bottom based 3D imaging setup. The presented technique may be of interest for neutrino telescopes of km3-scale and beyond, as a flexible temporary or as a stationary tool to localize basic telescope elements, while these are completely passive.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; presented at VLVNT08 (Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope) Workshop, Toulon, France, April, 2008; to appear in NIM-