Clinical feasibility study of an immunotropic drug for treatment of complicated pyodermas

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and economic effectiveness of immunocorrection in severe and chronic forms of pyoderma with drugs from different pharmacological group

Features of the immune status in patients with chronic and complicated pyodermas: choice of a therapeutic correction method

To compare the features of the immune status in patients with chronic and complicated pyoderma in the course of complex pharmacotherapy using immunomodulators based on transfer factors and glucosaminylmuramyldipeptid

Structure and Development of Flowers and Inflorescences in Burmannia (Burmanniaceae, Dioscoreales)

Species of the genus Burmannia possess distinctive and highly elaborated flowers with prominent floral tubes that often bear large longitudinal wings. Complicated floral structure of Burmannia hampers understanding its floral evolutionary morphology and biology of the genus. In addition, information on structural features believed to be taxonomically important is lacking for some species. Here we provide an investigation of flowers and inflorescences of Burmannia based on a comprehensive sampling that included eight species with various lifestyles (autotrophic, partially mycoheterotrophic and mycoheterotrophic). We describe the diversity of inflorescence architecture in the genus: a basic (most likely, ancestral) inflorescence type is a thyrsoid comprising two cincinni, which is transformed into a botryoid in some species via reduction of the lateral cymes to single flowers. Burmannia oblonga differs from all the other studied species in having an adaxial (vs. transversal) floral prophyll. For the first time, we describe in detail early floral development in Burmannia. We report presence of the inner tepal lobes in B. oblonga, a species with reportedly absent inner tepals; the growth of the inner tepal lobes is arrested after the middle stage of floral development of this species, and therefore they are undetectable in a mature flower. Floral vasculature in Burmannia varies to reflect the variation of the size of the inner tepal lobes; in B. oblonga with the most reduced inner tepals their vascular supply is completely lost. The gynoecium consists of synascidiate, symplicate, and asymplicate zones. The symplicate zone is secondarily trilocular (except for its distal portion in some of the species) without visible traces of postgenital fusion, which prevented earlier researchers to correctly identify the zones within a definitive ovary. The placentas occupy the entire symplicate zone and a short distal portion of the synascidiate zone. Finally, we revealed an unexpected diversity of stamen-style interactions in Burmannia. In all species studied, the stamens are tightly arranged around the common style to occlude the flower entrance. However, in some species the stamens are free from the common style, whereas in the others the stamen connectives are postgenitally fused with the common style, which results in formation of a gynostegium

LATENT NEUROSYPHILIS — CAUSE OF DEATH

The article describes a rare case of a manifest late neurosyphilis with a fatal outcome. Literature data on the features of the clinical course of neurosyphilis and its pathomorphological pattern are given. The results of a laboratory examination, including a histological examination, confirming the syphilitic lesion of the nervous system in this clinical observation are presented

THE CHANGES OF THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NEURONS BY THE ACTION OF SEVOFLURANE AND THEIR ROLE IN THE MECHANISMS OF PRECONDITIONING AND CYTOPROTECTION

The changes of the intracellular potentials by the action of sevoflurane were studied for the diagnostic intact neurons of the isolated cerebrospinal axis of the Planorbarius corneus using intracellular electrodes. There observed a two-phase reaction of the neurons de- and hyperpolarization. The sevoflurane concentration of 2 mM depolarized the neurons (to 5 mV), the depolarization was interchanged with the mild hyperpolarization (at 2-5 mV). The impulse activity rate (IA) increased under  depolarization, while decreased under  hyperpolarization, the parameters of the action potentials (AP) changed slightly. The inversive hyperpolarization occurred for 5-10 minutes upon the anesthetic elimination. There occurred the short-term and inversive depolarization of the neurons at the sevoflurane concentration of 5 mM to 9,4 ± 2,2% of the reference, while the IA rate increased, the amplitude of the action potentials decreased with their duration increase, and sometimes the AP generation was completely abrogated. On action of sevoflurane concentration of 5 mM there developed the inversive hyperpolarization of the neurons to 18,1 ± 16,9% of the reference, that lasted 15-20 minutes thereafter. The  repeated neuron exposure with  the  same anesthetic is  always reproduced followed by  the  florid hyperpolarization. The  modulation of  the  electrical activity with  sevoflurane (the  hyperpolarization of  the  neurons and the decrease/termination of AP generation that evidenced the "improvement" of their functional status) may be the basis for the preconditioning, neuro- and cardioprotection

CHANGES IN INTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS AND ION FLUXES OF NEURONS OF MOLLUSKS BY EXTRACELLULAR AND INTRACELLULAR ACTION OF SEVOFLURANE AND DESFLURANE

Intercellular potentials changes of identifiable intact neurons ini solated CNS of great ramshorn (Planorbarius corneus) have been investigated with the help of intercellular microelectrodes and ion currents of isolated neurons of great ramshorns and pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) with the fixation of potential influenced by desflurane in concentrations of 1 and 10 mM (1.2 и 12 MAC) and sevoflurane in concentrations of 1 and 5 mM (2.27 and 11.36 MAC). In 3-5 minutes after the start of anesthetics' action some neurons developed insignificant hyperpolarization (for 2-5 mV), and some other developed depolarization (up to 10 mV). When anesthetics were being washed out for 5-10 minutes the reversible depolarization appeared. Changes in ion currents under the influence of anesthetics were more homogeneous compared to changes in biopotentials. Desflurane and sevoflurane in 1 mM concentrations suppressed amplitudes of sodium, calcium and potassium currents by 40%, and inactivation of potassium low currents was speed up. Anesthetics in the concentration of 5-10 mM suppressed currents by 70-80%. It developed fast (for 20-30 seconds) and after this action the amplitudes restored slowly (for 5-15 minutes) and it failed to reach the initial values in all the times. Intercellular activity of sevoflurane did not suppress ion currents, i.e. it was ineffective

Severe Bloch—Sulzberger syndrome in a newborn baby

The diagnosis of neonatal skin diseases is often a complicated interdisciplinary problem. The authors present the data available in the literature data and their clinical observation of a newborn baby with Bloch—Sulzberger syndrome, a rare genetic dermatosis. The specific feature of the observation is the development of the disease immediately after birth and its complex differential diagnosis. Central nervous system involvement as epilepsy syndrome determines the severity of the patient's condition and seriously affects the prognosis of the disease. The issues of in-depth studies using molecular genetic technologies that enhance the value of medical genetic counseling to the family are discussed

ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВНУТРИКЛЕТОЧНЫХ ПОТЕНЦИАЛОВ И ИОННЫХ ТОКОВ НЕЙРОНОВ МОЛЛЮСКОВ ПРИ ВНЕ- И ВНУТРИКЛЕТОЧНОМ ДЕЙСТВИИ СЕВОФЛУРАНА И ДЕСФЛУРАНА

Intercellular potentials changes of identifiable intact neurons ini solated CNS of great ramshorn (Planorbarius corneus) have been investigated with the help of intercellular microelectrodes and ion currents of isolated neurons of great ramshorns and pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) with the fixation of potential influenced by desflurane in concentrations of 1 and 10 mM (1.2 и 12 MAC) and sevoflurane in concentrations of 1 and 5 mM (2.27 and 11.36 MAC). In 3-5 minutes after the start of anesthetics' action some neurons developed insignificant hyperpolarization (for 2-5 mV), and some other developed depolarization (up to 10 mV). When anesthetics were being washed out for 5-10 minutes the reversible depolarization appeared. Changes in ion currents under the influence of anesthetics were more homogeneous compared to changes in biopotentials. Desflurane and sevoflurane in 1 mM concentrations suppressed amplitudes of sodium, calcium and potassium currents by 40%, and inactivation of potassium low currents was speed up. Anesthetics in the concentration of 5-10 mM suppressed currents by 70-80%. It developed fast (for 20-30 seconds) and after this action the amplitudes restored slowly (for 5-15 minutes) and it failed to reach the initial values in all the times. Intercellular activity of sevoflurane did not suppress ion currents, i.e. it was ineffective. Проведены исследования изменений внутриклеточных потенциалов идентифицируемых интактных нейронов изолированной ЦНС моллюска катушки роговой (Planorbarius corneus) с помощью внутриклеточных микроэлектродов и ионных токов изолированных нейронов катушки и прудовика (Lymnaea stagnalis) в условиях фиксации потенциала под влиянием десфлурана в концентрациях 1 и 10 мМ (1,2 и 12 МАК) и севофлурана в концентрациях 1 и 5 мМ (2,27 и 11,36 МАК). Через 3-5 мин от начала действия анестетиков в одних нейронах развивалась незначительная гиперполяризация (на 2-5 мВ), а в других - деполяризация (до 10 мВ). При отмывании анестетиков в течение 5-10 мин возникала обратимая гиперполяризация. Изменения ионных токов под влиянием анестетиков оказались более однородными, чем изменения биопотенциалов. При действии десфлурана и севофлурана в концентрации 1 мМ происходило подавление амплитуд натриевых, кальциевых и калиевых токов на 40%, при этом наблюдалось ускорение инактивации калиевых медленных токов. Под влиянием анестетиков в концентрации 5-10 мМ происходило подавление токов на 70-80%. Оно развивалось быстро (за 20-30 с), а после их действия восстановление амплитуд ионных токов было замедленным (за 5-15 мин) и не всегда достигало исходных величин. Внутриклеточное действие севофлурана не подавляло ионные токи, т. е. было неэффективным