Submental Myodermal Flap in Buccal Reconstruction after Extended Combined Resection

Background. Oral mucosal cancer is the most prevalent squamous cell cancer of head and neck, with 6,723 cases registered in Russia, including 94 per Volgograd Region, in 2018. A high tumour advancement and complex topography of the surgical area result in extensive soft-tissue defects and impaired swallowing, chewing and speech.Aim. Efficacy assessment of submental myodermal flap application in buccal reconstruction after extended combined oncological resections.Materials and methods. Submental myodermal flap was used as a buccal reconstruction technique in 112 patients aged 42 to 75 years during 2015–2020. Surgery for primary tumour was performed in 88 cases, and in 24 — for recurrence after radiotherapy or surgical excision.Results and discussion. A six-year experience of the submental myodermal flap usage in reconstructive surgery allowed evidently wider indications for extensive oral resection combined with extended, also bilateral, lymphadenectomy. Clinical records on the technique application in primary and recurrent cancer are presented.Conclusion. The submental myodermal flap technique in combination with extended or extended combined surgery for oral mucosal cancer notably increases the tumour resectability at this location and improves function restore in patients. The method widens indications for higher-volume operative aid, considerably reduces postoperative complications and holds a promise to enable more radical surgery. This plastic surgery technique is aesthetic and effectively repairs speech and digestive functions, bringing improvement to the patients’ quality of life and social adaptation

SURGICAL PALLIATIVE AND SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF REGIONAL CANCER OF THE CARDIOESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION

The article deals with the issues regarding the optimization of surgical treatment strategies in regional and metastatic cancer of the cardioesophageal junction which result in elimination of gastric fistulas. Shortand long-term effects of 238 surgeries between 1990 and 2010 have been studied. The benefits of surgical and endoscopic esophageal stenting over gastrostomy have been reported. The indication for and esophageal stent placement procedures have been defined. The article concludes that cytoreductive transpleural resection surgeries were not associated with increased post-operative mortality. However,  they resulted in prolongation of patient`s lives and creating proper conditions for delivering adjuvant chemotherapy

Thermal analysis of advanced ceramic coating on carbon/carbon substrates for aerospace re-entry re-usable structures

Aim of the work is to describe a novel coating process based on the Al-Oxide ceramic varnish ‘Pyropaint’ applied on a spacecraft Thermal Protection System for re-entry application. The proposed treatment is intended to preserve the thermo-mechanical properties of a Carbon/Carbon substrate from the detrimental space environment conditions, such as LEO thermal cycles, outgassing due to ultra-high vacuum, and Atomic Oxygen / UV irradiation. In order to enhance the coating performance, the used varnish is enriched with Si-Oxide nanoparticles in different weight percentage. The first step is to analyze the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) by dilatometric measurement in order to evaluate the thermal stress of both substrate and coating layer at high temperatures. Particular emphasis is devoted to study the effect of the coating/substrate adhesion, which may result in anomalous mechanical behavior. After thermal conditioning, the several specimens under test are investigated by full microscopy analysis using SEM/EDX techniques, then the experimental results are compared each other. The present study paves the way for the future development of advanced structural spacecraft panels as well as of re-usable re-entry systems

Carbon/Carbon comparative optimization method for hot structures application in re-entry environment conditions

ABSTRACT Hot structures applications have becoming more and more widespread, from space to nuclear sectors. Carbon/Carbon is one of the best materials for hot structures. It has good characteristics, particularly adapted to operate in re-entry environments with high resistance, high elongation modulus, high mechanical property at high temperature and very low CTE. The key factor for using this kind of material is the high stability at high temperature, preserving its mechanical properties. Here is presented a mathematical model for C/C production optimized by a genetic algorithms. The manufactured specimens are then characterized by the use of the inverse method. The general method of iterative regularization is concerned with application to the estimation of materials properties. Such problems are of great practical importance in the study of material properties used as non-destructive surface shield in objects of space engineering, power engineering, etc