Influence of experimental metabolic syndrome on bioimpedance spectroscopy indicators of rat body

The objective of this experiment was to establish sex-related differences in the parameters of bioimpedance spectroscopy of the Wistar rat’s bodies in the experimental metabolic syndrome (endocrine-salt model). Sexual dependencies of bioimpedance measurements in intact animals have been determined for the first time: males have higher amount of total fluid, but lower one of total fat. The intra/extracellular fluid balance in males is characterized with ratio  2:1, while in females is the other one - 1:1. For the first time the formation of the metabolic syndrome has already been determined on the seventh day in females which lead to decreasing in the percentage of total fat and to changing  of the intra / extracellular fluid balance to ‘male’ type -  2:1. The last one should be considered as a sign of intracellular hyperhydration. In males the examined parameters have been being within the control values ​​throughout 21 days of experiment

The formation of colostral immunity and its duration in calves during the first months of life

The paper presents the results of a study on the formation of colostral immunity and the determination of its duration during the first months of life of calves according to the indications of the level of total IgG and antigen-specific antibodies to pathogens of рarainfluenza 3, respiratory syncytial infection and viral diarrhea of cattle. It has been established that blood serum of newborn calves does not contain antigen-specific immunoglobulins of class G to pathogens of viral diarrhea, respiratory syncytial infection and parainfluenza-3, and the level of total IgG is 2.2 ± 0.61 g/dm3. The concentration of total IgG is increased to 50.50 ± 6.33 g/dm3, and decreases to 27.25 ± 5.82 g/dm3 for 28 days, which contributes to the formation of the immunosuppressive state at the 7th day of a calf life. Starting from 35th day, there is an increase in the concentration of total IgG due to seroconverting of its own antibodies by the body of calves. Immunization of cows-mothers against viral diarrhea, respiratory syncytial infection and parainfluenza-3 contributes to the formation of antigen-specific colostral immunity in calves in the first days of life, which is preserved in diagnostic titers during 63 days after birth

Sexual Behavior and Heavy Episodic Drinking Across the Transition to Adulthood: Differences by College Attendance

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144297/1/jora12348.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144297/2/jora12348_am.pd

Trends Among U.S. High School Seniors in Recent Marijuana Use and Associations With Other Substances: 1976–2013

To describe historical trends in rates of recent substance use, and associations between marijuana and other substances, among United States high school seniors by race and gender

Brane Decay of a (4+n)-Dimensional Rotating Black Hole. II: spin-1 particles

The present works complements and expands a previous one, focused on the emission of scalar fields by a (4+n)-dimensional rotating black hole on the brane, by studying the emission of gauge fields on the brane from a similar black hole. A comprehensive analysis of the particle, energy and angular momentum emission rates is undertaken, for arbitrary angular momentum of the black hole and dimensionality of spacetime. Our analysis reveals the existence of a number of distinct features associated with the emission of spin-1 fields from a rotating black hole on the brane, such as the behaviour and magnitude of the different emission rates, the angular distribution of particles and energy, the relative enhancement compared to the scalar fields, and the magnitude of the superradiance effect. Apart from their theoretical interest, these features can comprise clear signatures of the emission of Hawking radiation from a brane-world black hole during its spin-down phase upon successful detection of this effect during an experiment.Comment: 35 pages, 19 figures, Latex fil

Оцінка протоколу очищення та дезінфекції у свинарських приміщеннях контамінованих вірусом епідемічної діареї свиней

The results of the determination of the efficiency of the cleaning and disinfection protocol of pig farms contaminated by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus are presented in this study. The research was conducted in the Scientific Research Center of Biosafety and Environmental Control AIC of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. The experimental part was carried out on the basis of a permanently infected pig breeding farm of the southern region of Ukraine. In order to determine the critical points, a selection of samples of washings/scraps from the surfaces of the pig farm’s premises and the objects of the environment was carried out before cleaning and disinfection and after 1 and 2 premises’ sanitation. A total of 204 tests were analyzed. Disinfection of the territory of pig farms and livestock premises was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. Before disinfection, a thorough mechanical cleaning of livestock premises was carried out, with subsequent irrigation of all surfaces with cold tap water. Disinfection of premises and the territory of the pig complex was carried out by the wet cleaning of surfaces with a solution of disinfectant based on glutaraldehyde after preparatory operations in the absence of animals. After disinfection the premises were additionally processed with Ca(OH)2 solution. Washes were obtained with a sterile swab from a surface of 10.0 cm2 by inserting a swab into a test tube with a sterile physiological solution. Scraps from the surfaces were obtained with a disposable sterile blades from the scalpel. The obtained material was placed in disposable sterile plastic 1.5–2.0 cm3 test tubes. The study of the presence of the PEDV was performed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction with the previous reverse transcription of RNA. It was established that the causative agent of PED in a permanently infected farm contaminates most of the production and auxiliary premises and objects of the environment. The one-time cleaning and disinfection protocol does not allow free the farm from the PEDV completely. Only two-time sanitation of premises and objects of the environment with the laboratory control of the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection contributes to the effective eradication of the PEDV.У роботі представлено результати визначення ефективності протоколу очищення та дезінфекції у свинарських приміщеннях контамінованих вірусом епідемічної діареї свиней. Дослідження проведені в Науково-дослідному центрі біобезпеки та екологічного контролю ресурсів агропромислового комплексу Дніпровського державного аграрно-економічного університету. Експериментальна частина проведена на базі стаціонарно неблагополучного свинарського підприємства південного регіону України. Для визначення критичних точок було проведено відбір зразків змивів / зішкрібів з поверхонь приміщень свиноферми та об’єктів навколишнього середовища до проведення очищення та дезінфекції та після 1 і 2 санації приміщень. Всього було протестована 204 проб. Дезінфекцію території свинарських комплексів і тваринницьких приміщень проводили згідно загальноприйнятих способів. Перед дезінфекцією проводили ретельне механічне очищення тваринницьких приміщень з подальшим зрошенням всіх поверхонь холодної водопровідної водою. Після підготовчих операцій проводили дезінфекцію свинарських приміщень і території свинокомплексу, за відсутності тварин, вологою обробкою поверхні розчином дезінфікуючого засобу на основі глутарового альдегіду. Після дезінфекції приміщення додатково проводили обробку свіжо гашеним вапном. Змиви проводили стерильним тампоном з поверхні розміром 10,0 см2, встромлюючи тампон в пробірку із стерильним фізіологічним розчином. Зішкріби з поверхонь проводили одноразовими стерильними лезами від скальпеля. Отриманий матеріал поміщали в одноразові стерильні пластикові пробірки об’ємом 1,5–2,0 см3. Дослідження наявності вірусу ЕДС проводили за допомогою полімеразної ланцюгової реакції із детекцією результатів у реальному часі за попередньої зворотної транскрипції РНК (RT-PCR). Встановлено, що збудник ЕДС у стаціонарно неблагополучному господарстві контамінує більшість виробничих і допоміжних приміщень та об’єктів навколишнього середовища. Використаний одноразовий протокол очищення та дезінфекції не дає змогу повністю звільнити господарство від вірусу ЕДС. Лише дворазова санація приміщень та об’єктів навколишнього середовища, яка відбувається з урахуванням результатів лабораторного контролю ефективності очищення та дезінфекції сприяє ефективній ерадикації збуднику ЕДС

Brane decay of a (4+n)-dimensional rotating black hole: spin-0 particles

In this work, we study the `scalar channel' of the emission of Hawking radiation from a (4+n)-dimensional, rotating black hole on the brane. We numerically solve both the radial and angular part of the equation of motion for the scalar field, and determine the exact values of the absorption probability and of the spheroidal harmonics, respectively. With these, we calculate the particle, energy and angular momentum emission rates, as well as the angular variation in the flux and power spectra -- a distinctive feature of emission during the spin-down phase of the life of the produced black hole. Our analysis is free from any approximations, with our results being valid for arbitrarily large values of the energy of the emitted particle, angular momentum of the black hole and dimensionality of spacetime. We finally compute the total emissivities for the number of particles, energy and angular momentum and compare their relative behaviour for different values of the parameters of the theory.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figure

A Solution to the Problem of Phaseless Mapping for a High-Orbit Space-Ground Radio Interferometer

We consider the problem of mapping with ultra-high angular resolution using a space-ground radio interferometer with a space antenna in a high orbit,whose apogee height exceeds the radius of the Earth by a factor of ten. In this case, a multielement interferometer essentially degenerates into a two-element interferometer. The degeneracy of the close-phase relations prevents the use of standard methods for hybrid mapping and self-calibration for the correct reconstruction of images. We propose a new phaseless mapping method based on methods for the reconstruction of images in the complete absence of phase information, using only the amplitudes of the spatial-coherence function of the source. In connection with this problem, we propose a new method for the reliable solution of the phase problem, based on optimizing information-carrying nonlinear functionals, in particular, the Shannon entropy. Results of simulations of mapping radio sources with various structures with ultra-high angular resolution in the framework of the RADIOASTRON mission are presented.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure

Сравнительная эффективность тофацитиниба и адалимумаба у пациентов с псориатическим артритом в реальной клинической практике. Данные Общероссийского регистра пациентов с псориатическим артритом

Objective: to compare the clinical efficacy in real clinical practice of the targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (sDMARD) tofacitinib (TOFA) and the biologic DMARD (bDMARD), an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), adalimumab (ADA) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), included in the Russian nationwide register of patients with PsA.Patients and methods. The study included 77 patients with PsA (43 men and 34 women) who met the CASPAR criteria and were observed in the Russian nationwide register. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the treatment. Group 1, in which oral TOFA was prescribed, 5 mg 2 times a day, included 41 patients: 24 (58.5%) men and 17 (41.5%) women, the median age was 41 [34; 50] years, the median duration of PsA was 72 [35; 120] months. Group 2, in which subcutaneous ADA was used, 40 mg every 2 weeks, included 36 patients: 19 (52.8%) men and 17 (47.2%) women, the median age was 44 [34; 51] years, the median duration of PsA was 59 [22; 102] months. Combination therapy, including methotrexate (MT), received 80.5% of patients in the TOFA group and 52.8% of patients in the ADA group. At the beginning of the study and every 6 months further, the activity and efficacy of PsA therapy were assessed in all patients according to DAPSA and criteria for minimal disease activity – MDA (number of painful joints ≤1, number of swollen joints ≤1, PASI ≤1 or BSA ≤3 , pain score ≤15, patient's general assessment of disease activity ≤20 mm on a visual analogue scale, HAQ ≤0.5, enthesitis ≤1), dynamics of BASDAI and BSA were also assessed. The number of patients who achieved remission (DAPSA ≤4) or MDA (5 criteria out of 7) during therapy with TOFA and ADA was determined.Results and discussion. Before the start of the therapy in the 1st group, the median DAPSA was 44.2 [37.8; 55.3]: moderate PsA activity was in 5 (12.2%) patients, high in 36 (87.8%) patients. In group 2, the median DAPSA was 35.8 [21.1; 52]: low activity was detected in 3 (8.6%), moderate – in 11 (31.4%), high – in 21 (60%) patients (data from 35 patients was available). 6 months after the start of treatment in patients of the 1st and the 2nd group, there was a significant decrease in all indicators of PsA activity compared to the baseline. The median DAPSA was 11 [4.3; 17.3] and 9.1 [6; 19.6]; remissions according to DAPSA reached 11 (26.8%) and 6 (20.8%) patients, respectively, low activity – 15 (36.6%) and 13 (44.8%), MDA – 16 (40%) and 9 (30%). The number of patients with dactylitis in the 1st and in the 2nd group significantly decreased: from 22 (53.7%) to 5 (13.2%) and from 13 (36.1%) to 6 (20%), respectively. Median HAQ decreased from 1 [0.625; 1.5] to 0.5 [0; 0.875] and from 0.875 [0.5; 1.38] to 0.5 [0; 0.875]; median BASDAI – from 6 [4.2; 7] to 1.4 [0.6; 3.2] and from 4.4 [1.9; 5.8] to 3 [0.8; 4.5], respectively. In group 1, the number of patients with BSA> 3% decreased from 16 (39%) to 8 (26.7%; p<0.225), and in group 2, due to insufficient data (5 patients), we failed to evaluate BSA dynamics.Conclusion. In real clinical practice TOFA and ADA both had comparable efficacy on all clinical manifestations of PsA: after 6 months of therapy, most patients with PsA achieved MDA, low disease activity and remission according to DAPSA and BASDAI.Цель исследования – сравнение клинической эффективности таргетного синтетического базисного противовоспалительного препарата (тсБПВП) тофацитиниба (ТОФА) и генно-инженерного биологического препарата (ГИБП), ингибитора фактора некроза опухоли α (иФНОα) адалимумаба (АДА) у больных псориатическим артритом (ПсА) в реальной клинической практике по данным Общероссийского регистра пациентов с ПсА.Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 77 больных ПсА (43 мужчины и 34 женщины), соответствовавших критериям CASPAR и наблюдавшихся в Общероссийском регистре. Пациенты были разделены на две группы в зависимости от проводимого лечения. В 1-ю группу, в которой назначали таблетированный ТОФА по 5 мг 2 раза в день, вошел 41 пациент: 24 (58,5%) мужчины и 17 (41,5%) женщин, медиана возраста – 41 [34; 50] год, медиана длительности ПсА – 72 [35; 120] мес. Ко 2-й группе, в которой использовали АДА по 40 мг/2 нед подкожно, отнесены 36 больных: 19 (52,8%) мужчин и 17 (47,2%) женщин, медиана возраста – 44 [34; 51] года, медиана длительности ПсА – 59 [22; 102] мес. Комбинированную терапию, включавшую метотрексат (МТ), получали 80,5% пациентов группы ТОФА и 52,8% пациента группы АДА. У всех пациентов в начале исследования и каждые 6 мес оценивали активность и эффективность терапии ПсА по DAPSA и критериям минимальной активности болезни – MAБ (число болезненных суставов ≤1, число припухших суставов ≤1, PASI ≤1 или BSA ≤3, оценка боли ≤15, общая оценка активности болезни больным ≤20 мм по визуальной аналоговой шкале, HAQ ≤0,5, энтези- ты ≤1), динамику BASDAI и BSA. Определяли число больных, достигших ремиссии (DAPSA ≤4) или МАБ (5 критериев из 7) на фоне терапии ТОФА и АДА.Результаты и обсуждение. До начала терапии в 1-й группе медиана DAPSA составляла 44,2 [37,8; 55,3]: умеренная активность ПсА была у 5 (12,2%), высокая – у 36 (87,8%) больных. Во 2-й группе медиана DAPSA равнялась 35,8 [21,1; 52]: низкая активность выявлена у 3 (8,6%), умеренная – у 11 (31,4%), высокая – у 21 (60%) больного (доступны данные 35 пациентов). Через 6 мес после начала лечения у пациентов 1-й и 2-й групп произошло значимое снижение всех показателей активности ПсА по сравнению с исходными. Мeдиана DAPSA составила соответственно 11 [4,3; 17,3] и 9,1 [6; 19,6]; ремиссии по DAPSA достигли соответственно 11 (26,8%) и 6 (20,8%) больных, низкой активности – 15 (36,6%) и 13 (44,8%), МАБ – 16 (40%) и 9 (30%). Число пациентов с дактилитом значимо уменьшилось: с 22 (53,7%) до 5 (13,2%) и с 13 (36,1%) до 6 (20%) соответственно в 1-й и 2-й группах. Мeдиана HAQ снизилась с 1 [0,625; 1,5] дo 0,5 [0; 0,875] и с 0,875 [0,5; 1,38] дo 0,5 [0; 0,875]; мeдиана BASDAI – с 6 [4,2; 7] дo 1,4 [0,6; 3,2] и с 4,4 [1,9; 5,8] дo 3 [0,8; 4,5] соответственно. В 1-й группе число пациентов с BSA >3% сократилось с 16 (39%) до 8 (26,7%; p<0,225), а во 2-й группе из-за недостаточного объема данных (5 пациентов) динамику BSA оценить не удалось.Заключение. Показана сопоставимая эффективность ТОФА и АДА в реальной клинической практике в отношении всех клинических проявлений ПсА: через 6 мес терапии у большинства пациентов с ПсА отмечено достижение МАБ, низкой активности болезни и ремиссии по DAPSA и BASDAI

The level of air pollution in the impact zone of coal-fired power plant (Karaganda City) using the data of geochemical snow survey (Republic of Kazakhstan)

Coal-fired power plants emissions impact the air quality and human health. Of great significance is assessment of solid airborne particles emissions from those plants and distance of their transportation. The article presents the results of air pollution assessment in the zone of coal-fired power plant (Karaganda City) using snow survey. Based on the mass of solid airborne particles deposited in snow, time of their deposition on snow at the distance from 0.5 to 4.5 km a value of dust load has been determined. It is stated that very high level of pollution is observed at the distance from 0.5 to 1 km. there is a trend in decrease of dust burden value with the distance from the stacks of coal-fired power plant that may be conditioned by the particle size and washing out smaller ash particles by ice pellets forming at freezing water vapour in stacks of the coal-fired power plant. Study in composition of solid airborne particles deposited in snow has shown that they mainly contain particulates of underburnt coal, Al-Si- rich spheres, Fe-rich spheres, and coal dust. The content of the particles in samples decreases with the distance from the stacks of the coal-fired power plant