Public-private partnership in in the information and telecommunication technologies sector: relationship with macro- and meso- indicators

The article substantiates the importance of stimulating the information and telecommunication technologies development for the economy and considers the experience of using public-private partnership tool for investment in the IT technologies field in Russia and abroad. Conclusions about the specifics and dynamics of implementation of these projects in developing countries of the world have been made. Using regression analysis, the macroeconomic factors influencing the investments volume in the information and telecommunication technologies sector through public-private partnership tool have been identified and, based on a sample of developing countries, the specific sectoral determinants influence on public-private partnership activity has been studied. The conclusions formulated in the article can serve as a practical guide for private investors and government authorities when launching public-private partnership-projects in the information and telecommunication technologies sector

ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРЕДМЕТНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ З АНАТОМІЇ ЛЮДИНИ У МАЙБУТНЬОГО ПРОВІЗОРА

The future specialty “226 – Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy” requires extensive knowledge in the field of fundamental theoretical and educational disciplines of medical and biological direction, which include human anatomy. The article presents an analysis of some aspects and principles of formation of subject competence in human anatomy for the future pharmacist. Subject competence in human anatomy is an open system that develops dynamically throughout the professional life of a pharmacist. It requires not only the professional skills of teachers, but also the diligence and rational training of students, allows the future pharmacist to implement the general requirements of educational standards; ensures the ability of higher education seekers to health activities, ensures the application of acquired skills and knowledge of anatomy not only in professional but also in public education in order to promote quality scientifically sound information in society.Майбутня спеціальність 226 «Фармація, промислова фармація» вимагає широких знань у галузі фундаментальних теоретичних та навчальних дисциплін медико-біологічного напряму, до числа яких відносять й анатомію людини. У статті проведений аналіз деяких аспектів та засад формування предметної компетентності з анатомії людини для майбутнього провізора. Предметна компетентність із анатомії людини є відкритою системою, що динамічно розвивається впродовж усього професійного життя провізора. Потребує не тільки професійної майстерності викладачів, але й старанності та раціональної підготовки студентів, дозволяє реалізовувати майбутньому провізору загальні вимоги освітніх стандартів; забезпечує здатність здобувача вищої освіти до здоров’язбережувальної діяльності, забезпечує застосування отриманих навичок та знань з анатомії не лише у професійній, а також і у громадській просвітницькій діяльності з метою популяризації якісної науково обґрунтованої інформації в суспільстві

The comparison of 2D and 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography values in young athletes

Objective: to analyze the parameters of 2D and 3D transthoracic echocardiography (TEE) with speckle-tracking technology in young athletes. Materials and methods: 79 athletes (52 male, 27 female, median age 20,5±3,7 years) undergone prospective analysis. Participants were divided into groups by level of training (group A-professionals and group B-amateurs) and by gender (group 1-men and group 2-women). Athletes underwent 12-lead ECG, 2D TTE and 3D TTE with a speckle-tracking. The evaluation of LV function was performed using the speckle-tracking method with the assessment of LV longitudinal strain in the Automated Function Imaging mode. Results: significant differences in LDV (

Secretory phospholipase A2: a biomarker of inflammation in autoimmune, bacterial and viral diseases

Secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) represent a large superfamily of enzymes with a molecular weight of 14-19 kDa, including 15 groups and more than 30 isoforms belonging to four types: secretory (sPLA2), cytosolic (cPLA2), calcium-independent (iPLA2) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2, PAF-AH). Eleven species of secretory sPLA2s (IB, IIA, IIC, IID, IIE, IIF, III, V, X, XIIA, and XIIB) have been found in mammals, performing versatile functions and participating in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases. On the one hand, sPLA2 may promote elimination of damaged, apoptotic cells by hydrolyzing membrane phospholipids, and exerts a strong bactericidal and antiviral properties, including pronounced effects against antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms. In this regard, the use of sPLA2 may represent a new strategy for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections. Moreover, due to the action of sPLA2 on its substrates, a number of biologically active molecules (arachidonic, lysophosphatidic acids, lysophospholipids, fatty acids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes) are formed, which provide strong inflammatory, detergent, coagulating effects and increase vascular permeability. This pro-inflammatory role of sPLA2 may explain its increase levels and activity in cardiovascular, respiratory, autoimmune, metabolic, oncological, bacterial and viral disorders. The review article presents a classification of sPLA2 isoforms, their substrates, regulatory factors, biological significance, and mechanisms of their strong bactericidal, virucidal, and pro-inflammatory activity in the heart and lung disorders, autoimmune, metabolic, bacterial, and viral diseases. In particular, the mechanisms of the selective action of sPLA2 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms are discussed. We consider diagnostic and prognostic significance, correlations between elevated levels and activity of sPLA2 and distinct clinical symptoms, severity and outcome in the patients with coronary heart disease (CAD), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), atherosclerosis, acute inflammatory lung injury (ALI), respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, bacterial infections, septicemia and viral (COVID-19) infections. The opportunity of using sPLA2 as a biomarker of the severity and outcome of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bacterial infections, sepsis and viral infections, including COVID-19, is also considered

Spark plasma sintering of ceramics based on solid solutions of Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 phosphates: Thermal expansion and mechanical properties research

This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramic Processing and Sintering.The structure, microstructure, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and mechanical properties of Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 ceramics (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were studied. Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 submicron powders with the NaZr2(PO4)3 structure (NZP, kosnarite type) were obtained by the solid-phase method. The starting reagents (NaNO3, ZrOCl2·8H2O, NH4H2PO4, CoCl2·6H2O, ethanol) were mixed with the addition of ethyl alcohol. The resulting mixtures were annealed at 600 °C (20 h) and 700 °C (20 h). The obtained phosphates crystallized in the expected structure of the NaZr2(PO4)3 type (trigonal system, space group R3̲ c). Thermal expansion of the powders was studied with high-temperature X-ray diffraction at temperatures ranging from 25 to 700 °C. CTEs were calculated, and their dependence on the cobalt content was analyzed. Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 ceramics with high relative density (93.67–99.70%) were obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Ceramics poor in cobalt (x = 0.1) were found to have a high relative density (98.87%) and a uniform fine-grained microstructure with a grain size of 0.5–1 µm. Bigger cobalt content leads to a smaller relative density of ceramics. During the sintering of ceramics with high cobalt content, anomalous grain growth was observed. The powder compaction rate was shown to be determined by creep and diffusion intensity in the Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 crystal lattice. SPS activation energy in ceramics increased as the cobalt content grew. The microhardness and fracture toughness of ceramics did not depend on their cobalt content.This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 21-13-00308. TEM investigations of the microstructure were carried out using the equipment of the Center Collective Use “Materials Science and Metallurgy” (National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”) with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Grant number 075-15-2021-696).Peer reviewe

ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ИШЕМИИ-РЕПЕРФУЗИИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА НА АКТИВНОСТЬ СУКЦИНАТДЕГИДРОГЕНАЗЫ В НЕЙРОНАХ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СЛОЕВ НЕОКОРТЕКСА

The aim of the study was to investigate changes in activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in cytoplasm of neurons of different cortical layers in early and late reperfusion period after global cerebral ischemia in rats. Reversible global cerebral ischemia was modeled by occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery for 10 minutes and following reperfusion during 2 or 7 days. The SDH activity in cytoplasm of neurons of II, III and V cortical layers was determined histoenzymatically. It is shown that the SDH activity in neurons of the studied cortical layers was characterized by the increased reperfusion period to the 2 days with a subsequent increased activity of the reperfusion period to the 7 days. The change in the SDH activity in cytoplasm of cortical neurons depends on the particular cerebral layer and duration of postischemic reperfusion.Целью исследования являлось изучение изменения активности сукцинатдегидрогеназы (СДГ) в цитоплазме нейронов различных слоев коры головного мозга (ГМ) в раннем и отдаленном реперфузионном периоде после глобальной ишемии ГМ у крыс. Обратимую полную глобальную ишемию ГМ моделировали окклюзией плечеголовного ствола, левой подключичной артерии и левой общей сонной артерии на 10 минут, с последующей реперфузией, длительность которой составляла 2 либо 7 суток. Гистоэнзимологически определяли активность СДГ в цитоплазме нейронов II, III и V слоев коры ГМ. Показано, что активность СДГ в нейронах изученных слоев коры ГМ характеризовалась повышением ко 2-м суткам реперфузионного периода с последующим нарастанием активности к 7-м суткам периода реперфузии. Изменение активности СДГ в цитоплазме нейронов коры ГМ зависит от принадлежности к слою коры и продолжительности постишемической реперфузии

Social-ecological outcomes of agricultural intensification

Land-use intensification in agrarian landscapes is seen as a key strategy to simultaneously feed humanity and use ecosystems sustainably, but the conditions that support positive social-ecological outcomes remain poorly documented. We address this knowledge gap by synthesizing research that analyses how agricultural intensification affects both ecosystem services and human well-being in low- and middle-income countries. Overall, we find that agricultural intensification is rarely found to lead to simultaneous positive ecosystem service and well-being outcomes. This is particularly the case when ecosystem services other than food provisioning are taken into consideration

POINTS ON THE SPHERE SURFACE

Purpose. The extensive use of the computer-aided design system (CAD) in education and industry puts forward new demands on the scope, content and quality of up-to-date descriptive geometry course. The purpose of the work is topicality analysis of traditional descriptive geometry methods for 3D modelling and development of methodological recommendations for its teaching as a subject together with a selected CAD. Methodology. Conclusions about effectiveness and expedience of application of descriptive geometry methods are drawn on the basis of tools analysis and comparison of modern CADs and descriptive geometry for solving problems arising during 3D modelling. Generalization of teaching experience made it possible to give recommendations about optimization of the descriptive geometry course taking into account present-day requirements to professional skills of an engineer. Findings. CADs tools and descriptive geometry methods are compared by way of specific example to give the answer what is more suitable for solving problems arising during 3D modelling. Originality. We presented the methodological recommendations about optimization of descriptive geometry teaching together with a selected CAD. We proposed the conception of a modern textbook on descriptive geometry. First of all, the textbook must describe algorithms for solving problems by means of standard CAD tools exactly in 3D, not on the plane. It is desirable to accompany these algorithms by pictorial images in order to have an opportunity to grasp an idea quickly and implement it through methods of direct modeling in CAD application. We also touched practical problems of students’ motivation to ensure high effectiveness of graphical education. Practical value. This paper may be useful mainly for educators in the field of engineering graphics because it raises a vital question ‘Descriptive Geometry versus CAD’ which now has no definite answer. Topicality and teaching approaches of different solution methods of spatial problems by means of projections is subject of a dispute, taking into account that CAD tools are continuously updated. This paper by way of specific example shows some advantages and limitations of descriptive geometry and CAD, as well as touches the issues of their efficient joint application for teaching