6 research outputs found
Geneti c Traits of Brachiocephalic Atherosclerosis
Background. According to the World Health Organization, the atherosclerosis development depends on the quality of life and lifestyle (60 %), genetic (20 %), environmental factors (10 %) and quality of medical aid (5 %). The routes to defeat atherosclerosis generally and certain systemic enzyme disorders in particular pertain in research into the population genetic predispositions to this pathology.Materials and methods. A comparative study of genetic predispositions to malignant brachiocephalic atherosclerosis analysed the reninβangiotensin system gene association in 60 patients. Th e reninβangiotensin system allelic and polymorphic loci haplotype frequencies have been determined.Results and discussion. Patients with atherosclerotic brachiocephalic vascular lesions revealed a statistically significant frequency of the AGT geneβs allele C involved in coronary heart disease development.Conclusion. Th e study suggests a putative involvement of the angiotensinogen system genes in mediating the development of brachiocephalic atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseas
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ-Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Da Vinci
Introduction.Β Minimally invasive surgical techniques, including robot-assisted ones, on the one hand, allowed indications for surgery to be expanded, but on the other hand, generated a number of specific problems associated with technical aspects of minimally invasive treatment. The latter has led to a new consideration of the influence of surgical aggression on patients and showed a clear need for adequate anaesthetic support in order to correct homeostasis changes and ensure safety of patients. Aim.Β To improve the patient safety in mammary coronary bypass surgery using the Da Vinci robotic surgical system.Β Materials and methods.Β The study enrolled 12 patients who underwent robot-assisted endoscopic isolation of the left internal mammary artery, followed by an anastomosis of the anterior descending branch via a mini-thoracotomy in the fifth intercostal space under single lung sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia with continuous ESP analgesia. Results and discussion.Β No lethal outcomes or serious complications such as myocardial infarction and acute cerebrovascular accident were reported. Discharge or transfer to the rehabilitation unit was carried out on the 5thβ7th day.Β Conclusion.Β Minimally invasive techniques, including robot-assisted ones, require that the intensivists and cardiac surgeons be aware of the pathophysiological factors that affect the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and have the ability to predict the course of events and take actions to prevent complications.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ-Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ, Π° Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ β ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ-Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·Π°. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ-Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Da Vinci. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ-Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ·Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ Π² 5-ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ESP-Π°Π½Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° 5β7-Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ-Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°-ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.
Π‘Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ― Π₯ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ¨ΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬Π‘Π’ΠΠ Π£ ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ Π‘ ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ₯ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ€ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠ Π’ΠΠ ΠΠ
Introduction. Atherosclerotic lesions of the branches of the aortic arch in 60% of cases is the cause of the development of ischemic stroke. As a radical means of preventing neurological disorders, carotid endarterectomy is used, since there is currently no effective drug treatment.Material and methods. This article presents a comparative characteristic of anesthesiological support and types of surgical intervention in 710 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of brachiocephalic arteries in the period from January 2010 to December 2017 in Department of Vascular Surgery at the Clinic of the Bashkir State Medical University. To perform this comparative characteristic, the patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the time interval. Group 1 β patients operated from 2010 to 2013 (291 patients). Group 2 β patients operated from 2014 to 2017 (491 patients). In Group 1, operations were predominantly performed under regional anesthesia and classical carotid endarterectomy predominated over an eversion. In Group 2, operations were performed under general anesthesia, and here the overthe-top carotid endarterectomy predominated over the classical one. Patients were comparable in age, sex and risk of anesthesia and surgical intervention according to the ASA classification. The overall incidence of ischemic postoperative complications was 4.22%.Results. According to our data, the application of the eversion method of carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia reduces the relative risk of neurological complications by 1.648 times (as in the 2nd group the technique of eversion carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia was used). The use of general anesthesia with carotid endarterectomy allows to provide adequate gas exchange, manageability by hemodynamic parameters, absence of emotional reactions from the patient.Conclusion. Thus, at the present moment, our experience in treating patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the brachiocephalic arteries is approaching the optimal one, allowing us to achieve good results of carotid endarterectomy.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ³ΠΈ Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² 60% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ 710 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2010 Π³. ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2017 Π³. Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°: 1-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ 2010 ΠΏΠΎ 2013 Π³. (291 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ); 2-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ 2014 ΠΏΠΎ 2017 Π³. (491 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ). ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ASA. Π 1-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎ 2-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈ Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 4,22%.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² 1,648 ΡΠ°Π·Π° (ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎ 2-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ). ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ.
Analysis of the importance of atherosclerotic damage of the carotid arteries and the features of anesthesiological security in carotid endarterectomy
According to statistics, an acute violation of cerebral circulation takes the second place among the causes of mortality, disability, and a reduction in the quality of life of patients who have endured it [1]. Atherosclerotic lesion of the brachiocephalic vessels in 50 - 60% of cases leads to the development of ischemic stroke [2]. As a rule, carotid endarterectomy is performed for patients suffering from stenosing and deforming lesions of the brachiocephalic vessels to prevent primary and secondary ischemic stroke. However, at the main stage of the implementation of this surgery (clamping of the carotid arteries) there is an increased risk of developing critical brain ischemia. It is during this period, even in the absence of signs of critical cerebral ischemia, that the products of metabolism under-oxidize, which aggravate ischemic damage to brain cells, especially during the reperfusion period [3, 4]. One of the possible ways to ensure adequate brain oxygenation requirements, cerebral circulation adequacy and metabolism optimization can be the selection of the most appropriate method of general anesthesia [5, 6, 7, 8]. The analysis of the scientific literature of domestic and foreign authors presents information that confirms and consolidates the results of a large number of scientific works and demonstrates changes that have occurred in recent years and affected various aspects of surgical treatment and anesthesiology of patients with atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic vessels, concerning its epidemiology, prevention, treatment and prediction of outcomes. In this review article, we sought to provide new knowledge about the significance of atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries, comparing types of anesthesiological support in carotid endarterectomy, the inappropriateness of neuromonitoring methods and changes in brain metabolism with this surgical procedure, as well as the effect of anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function after carotid endarterectomy.ΠΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² [1]. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² 50 - 60% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ° [2]. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ). ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° (ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ) Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ [3, 4]. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ [5, 6, 7, 8]. Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±paΡ ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡaΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
Background. According to the World Health Organization, the atherosclerosis development depends on the quality of life and lifestyle (60 %), genetic (20 %), environmental factors (10 %) and quality of medical aid (5 %). The routes to defeat atherosclerosis generally and certain systemic enzyme disorders in particular pertain in research into the population genetic predispositions to this pathology.Materials and methods. A comparative study of genetic predispositions to malignant brachiocephalic atherosclerosis analysed the reninβangiotensin system gene association in 60 patients. Th e reninβangiotensin system allelic and polymorphic loci haplotype frequencies have been determined.Results and discussion. Patients with atherosclerotic brachiocephalic vascular lesions revealed a statistically significant frequency of the AGT geneβs allele C involved in coronary heart disease development.Conclusion. Th e study suggests a putative involvement of the angiotensinogen system genes in mediating the development of brachiocephalic atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseaseΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΒ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ (60Β %), Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² (20Β %), ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (10Β %) ΠΈΒ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ (5Β %). ΠΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π²Β ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΒ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π²Β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΒ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΒ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 60Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΒ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π³Π΅Π½eΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π»oΠΊaΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½oΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ aΡΠ΅ΡoΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡoΠ·Π° Π±paΡ
ΠΈoΡΠ΅ΡaΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½oΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½-aΠ½Π³ΠΈoΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½oΠ²ΠΎΠΉ cΠΈcΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ aΠ»Π»Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΒ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½-aΠ½Π³ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½oΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΒ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΒ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ aΠ»Π»Π΅Π»Ρ Π‘Β Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΠGΠ’ (ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Β ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°).ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ aΠ½Π³ΠΈoΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½oΠ³Π΅Π½a ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ²-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π±paΡ
ΠΈoΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF ANESTHESIOLOGICAL SUPPORT AND TYPES OF SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS OF BRAHIOCEPHAL ARTERIES
Introduction. Atherosclerotic lesions of the branches of the aortic arch in 60% of cases is the cause of the development of ischemic stroke. As a radical means of preventing neurological disorders, carotid endarterectomy is used, since there is currently no effective drug treatment.Material and methods. This article presents a comparative characteristic of anesthesiological support and types of surgical intervention in 710 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of brachiocephalic arteries in the period from January 2010 to December 2017 in Department of Vascular Surgery at the Clinic of the Bashkir State Medical University. To perform this comparative characteristic, the patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the time interval. Group 1 β patients operated from 2010 to 2013 (291 patients). Group 2 β patients operated from 2014 to 2017 (491 patients). In Group 1, operations were predominantly performed under regional anesthesia and classical carotid endarterectomy predominated over an eversion. In Group 2, operations were performed under general anesthesia, and here the overthe-top carotid endarterectomy predominated over the classical one. Patients were comparable in age, sex and risk of anesthesia and surgical intervention according to the ASA classification. The overall incidence of ischemic postoperative complications was 4.22%.Results. According to our data, the application of the eversion method of carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia reduces the relative risk of neurological complications by 1.648 times (as in the 2nd group the technique of eversion carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia was used). The use of general anesthesia with carotid endarterectomy allows to provide adequate gas exchange, manageability by hemodynamic parameters, absence of emotional reactions from the patient.Conclusion. Thus, at the present moment, our experience in treating patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the brachiocephalic arteries is approaching the optimal one, allowing us to achieve good results of carotid endarterectomy