"Hollow cathode" gun optics

The generation of an electron beam by a hollow cathode gun in a cusp magnetic field is discussed. Such a gun is proposed for an electron cooling device without toroids. In a section with a homogeneous magnetic field, this beam experiences a disturbance region near the axis where the electron temperature becomes higher. The main purpose of the article is to define conditions for generating the beam so as to restrict the extent of this region as much as possible. It is shown that a state with a virtual cathode in the vicinity of the zero magnetic field point is the most suitable for this aim. The experimental and essential analytical results are presented

Some New Reactions and Properties of Xanthane Hydride (5-Amino-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione)

Aminomethylation of xanthane hydride (5-amino-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione) with the RNH2–HCHO system has resulted in the formation of the derivatives of new heterocyclic system (3,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]-dithiazolo[4,3-a][1,3,5]triazine) in low yields. The reaction of xanthane hydride with dicyandiamide has led to thioammeline [4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine-2(5Н)-thione]. Some practically important properties of xanthane hydride and its derivatives have been investigated. Xanthane hydride has efficiently exhibited carbon steel corrosion in neutral aqueous media. The prepared compounds have not exhibited growth-regulating or antidote activity to herbicide 2,4-D

Characteristics of the beams generated by a "hollow cathode" electron gun

The characteristics of a beam generated by a “hollow cathode” gun, intended for electron cooling purposes, are thoroughly investigated. Attention was focused on the details of the current density and temperature distributions across the electron beam. Consequently a high quality beam was obtained, comparable with the beams generated by standard guns. Much insight was gained on the vacuum and alignment conditions for this new configuration