HEURISTIC METHODS FOR SOLVING THE CREATIVE PROBLEMS

Abstract. The development of non-standard thinking helps in solving creative problems. People who think formally can not come up with anything new, thereby destroying creativity. The creative task is an excellent way of revealing the personal abilities of each person. The development of creative thinking allows people to realize their creative potential, their individuality. Heuristic methods in solving problems allow us to express creative thoughts and to activate the creative possibilities of man. Creative thinking is very closely related to the imagination, which is important in any profession. Features of creative thinking consist in the fact that it contributes to the non-standard solution of certain tasks. An unconventional thinking person is able to offer bright ideas in any field of activity, that is, creative activity generates something new, different in originality, originality, and uniqueness. The system of heuristic methods of solving problems is based on logic, sound mind and experience, and the result of all this is new significant information. When solving creative problems, various heuristic methods are used. This is a method of brainstorming, a method of heuristic questions, a method of multidimensional matrices, a method of free association, a method ofinversion, a method of empathy, a method of synectics. The work reveals the essence of each heuristic method, as well as the merits and demerits of each of them. We consider various forms of employment in heuristic ways of teaching, such as the olympiad, heuristic exercises, business games, interactive forms.Keywords: creative task, heuristic methods, methods, non-standard questions, forms

The algebraic hyperstructure of elementary particles in physical theory

Algebraic hyperstructures represent a natural extension of classical algebraic structures. In a classical algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two elements is a set. Algebraic hyperstructure theory has a multiplicity of applications to other disciplines. The main purpose of this paper is to provide examples of hyperstructures associated with elementary particles in physical theory.Comment: 13 page

PECULIARITIES OF TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TO FUTURE DESIGNERS USING A BLENDED LEARNING SYSTEM

В статье анализируется потенциал и возможности метода смешанного обучения как дидактического средства преподавания иностранного языка будущим дизайнерам. Авторы представили различные формы использования blended learning в практике преподавания в архитектурно-художественном вузе. Особое внимание уделено вопросу о важной роли иностранного языка для студентов-дизайнеров как доступного средства общения и обогащения опыта профессиональной подготовкиIn the article there is an attempt to analyze potential and possibilities of a blended learning method as a didactic means of teaching foreign languages to future designers. There is information about different forms of using a blended method in practice of training students at a higher educational institution of architecture and art. Special attention is paid to an important role of foreign languages for students of design as an available means of communication and gaining new experience in their professional trainin

Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of the Organism When Exposed to Adverse Environmental Factors Through Phytoadaptogens

The Problem of improving the quality of life of the population in modern conditions is the most relevant. The level of human health largely depends on the quality of the environment. Of special importance are the risk factors for the spread of diseases like environmental pollution, social conditions and bad habits. To the emergence of ecologically dependent diseases leads the combined impact of technogenic, social-economic, natural-climatic factors. The introduction of the principles of biotechnology, nanotechnology and innovations in industrial processing of plant resources, especially natural adaptogens, contributes to the production of balanced, ecologically clean food products functional purpose, the use of which will significantly minimize the adverse effects of the environment on humans

Some implementation issues of the bologna process in the russian federation

Рассматриваются проблема неравенства в образовании и порождаемые Болонским процессом сложности реализации самостоятельной работы студентовThe article is devoted to the problem of inequality in education and the difficulties in realizing the independent work of students, generated by the Bologna proces

Especificidades regionais do desenvolvimento inovador de sistemas socioeconômicos na Federação Russa

The Russian economy has a tendency to slow down and reduce real investment, which hinders the possibility of innovative development. This is largely a consequence of the situation in the credit sector, especially in terms of the practical inaccessibility of Bank lending to small and medium-sized businesses. The objectives of the work are to justify an effective mechanism for increasing the availability of credit resources for small and medium-sized businesses, directly focused on innovation. Overcoming the contradiction between the banks aspiration to commercial profit and ignoring the objective needs of national expanded reproduction, and expanding the availability of Bank lending for the participants of the innovation process at the present stage of Russian development are associated with the effective interaction of the SME Corporation and the banking system in the process of production cooperation. The results of the study can be used to develop new organizational, economic and management mechanisms and tools for financing innovation.La economía rusa tiene una tendencia a desacelerar y reducir la inversión real, lo que dificulta la posibilidad de un desarrollo innovador. Esto es en gran parte consecuencia de la situación en el sector crediticio, especialmente en términos de la inaccesibilidad práctica de los préstamos del Banco a las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Los objetivos del trabajo son justificar un mecanismo eficaz para aumentar la disponibilidad de recursos crediticios para las pequeñas y medianas empresas, centradas directamente en la innovación. Superar la contradicción entre la aspiración de los bancos al beneficio comercial e ignorar las necesidades objetivas de la reproducción ampliada nacional, y ampliar la disponibilidad de préstamos del Banco para los participantes del proceso de innovación en la etapa actual del desarrollo ruso están asociados con la interacción efectiva de la Corporación de PYME y el sistema bancario en el proceso de cooperación productiva. Los resultados del estudio pueden utilizarse para desarrollar nuevos mecanismos y herramientas de organización, económicos y de gestión para financiar la innovación.A economia russa tem a tendência de desacelerar e reduzir o investimento real, o que dificulta a possibilidade de desenvolvimento inovador. Isto é em grande parte uma consequência da situação no sector de crédito, especialmente em termos da inacessibilidade prática dos empréstimos do Banco às pequenas e médias empresas. Os objetivos do trabalho são justificar um mecanismo efetivo para aumentar a disponibilidade de recursos de crédito para pequenas e médias empresas, com foco direto na inovação. Superar a contradição entre o desejo dos bancos para benefício comercial e ignorar as necessidades objectivas da reprodução nacional expandida, e expandir a disponibilidade de empréstimos bancários para os participantes no processo de inovação no atual estágio de desenvolvimento da Rússia estão associados com a interação da SME Corporation e do sistema bancário no processo de cooperação produtiva. Os resultados do estudo podem ser usados para desenvolver novos mecanismos e ferramentas organizacionais, econômicas e de gestão para financiar a inovação

Theory of differential inclusions and its application in mechanics

The following chapter deals with systems of differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides. The key question is how to define the solutions of such systems. The most adequate approach is to treat discontinuous systems as systems with multivalued right-hand sides (differential inclusions). In this work three well-known definitions of solution of discontinuous system are considered. We will demonstrate the difference between these definitions and their application to different mechanical problems. Mathematical models of drilling systems with discontinuous friction torque characteristics are considered. Here, opposite to classical Coulomb symmetric friction law, the friction torque characteristic is asymmetrical. Problem of sudden load change is studied. Analytical methods of investigation of systems with such asymmetrical friction based on the use of Lyapunov functions are demonstrated. The Watt governor and Chua system are considered to show different aspects of computer modeling of discontinuous systems

Состязательное соблюдение Россией и США Договора по космосу 1967 г.

Introduction. Thе Russian Federation and the USA, being parties to the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, in their national legal acts refer to this source. Each of these states recognizes that the 1967 Outer Space regime is to be perfected, while having different legal outer space policy. The USA is a leader of the military outer space infrastructure and of creation national outer space legislation and separate international agreements (“The Artemis Accords”), thus imposing its own track to develop the 1967 Treaty.Materials and methods. This research addresses relevant international documents on international space law as well as acts of national legislation pertaining to the topic. Research results. In modern political conditions the quality of a state defense and its economic development is linked to the efficiency of the outer space infrastructure, including communication and reconnaissance satellites. While the U.S. intends to achieve military supremacy in the outer space, the 1967 Treaty seems to be a barrier to such intention although the U.S. provides its own interpretation of the Treaty. Another significant area of competition between Russia and USA in the outer space legal policy is the observance of the natural resources treaty provisions. According to the USA, a state is entitled unilaterally exploit the space resources, and its persons are entitled to commercial use of such resources based on national law. This position of the United States resulted in creation of its national legislation opportunities for natural resources activities in outer space. The Russian Federation continues to defend multilateral approach to the exploitation of space resources and to call upon strictly observance of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. There are also competitive legal positions of the USA and Russia relating to the notion of “common province of mankind” provided by the 1967 Treaty.The main results. In this context, the paper after providing prolegomena to the competitive principle in international law, suggests some theoretical ideas for perfecting of the legal position of the Russian Federation as a response to the modern outer space legal policy of the USA.Discussion and conclusions. In the legal literature on this issue different views are assessed – from a radical rejection of the US model of behavior and continuation of efforts to strengthen the 1967 Treaty regime, to proposals to adopt a new national Russian legislation providing rights of persons to exploit the natural resources of celestial bodies, thus provid-ing incentives for private investors. This track leads to more competition with the USA, observing at the same time the 1967 Treaty as the “corpus juris specialis”.Будучи участниками Договора по космосу 1967 г., Россия и США проводят состязательную политику по совершенствованию режима, созданного указанным договором. Международно-правовая политика США нацелена на «уточнение» этого режима посредством сепаратных соглашений «Артемида». В статье исследуется, как оптимальнее для России реагировать на это в контексте договорных положений о мирном использовании космоса и о неприсвоении природных ресурсов небесных тел