2,752 research outputs found
Effective description of dark matter as a viscous fluid
Treating dark matter at large scales as an effectively viscous fluid provides
an improved framework for the calculation of the density and velocity power
spectra compared to the standard assumption of an ideal pressureless fluid. We
discuss how this framework can be made concrete through an appropriate
coarse-graining procedure. We also review results that demonstrate that it
improves the convergence of cosmological perturbation theory.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, talk by N. Tetradis at Quarks-2016, includes
unpublished materia
An Inconsistency in the Simulation of Bose-Einstein Correlations
We show that the formalism commonly used to implement Bose-Einstein
correlations in Monte-Carlo simulations can lead to values of the two-particle
correlator significantly smaller than unity, in the case of sources with strong
position-momentum correlations. This is more pronounced when the phase space of
the emitted particles is strongly reduced by experimental acceptance or
kinematic analysis selections. It is inconsistent with general principles
according to which the Bose-Einstein correlator is larger than unity. This
inconsistency seems to be rooted in the fact that quantum mechanical
localization properties are not taken into account properly.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe
How sensitive are high-pt electron spectra at RHIC to heavy quark energy loss?
In nucleus-nucleus collisions, high-pt electron spectra depend on the medium
modified fragmentation of their massive quark parents, thus giving novel access
to the predicted mass hierarchy of parton energy loss. Here we calculate these
spectra in a model, which supplements the perturbative QCD factorization
formalism with parton energy loss. In general, we find - within large errors -
rough agreement between theory and data on the single inclusive electron
spectrum in pp, its nuclear modification factor, and its azimuthal anisotropy.
However, the nuclear modification factor depends on the relative contribution
of charm and bottom production, which we find to be affected by large
perturbative uncertainties. In order for electron measurements to provide a
significantly more stringent test of the expected mass hierarchy, one must then
disentangle the b- and c-decay contributions, for instance by reconstructing
the displaced decay vertices.Comment: 9 pages RevTex, 4 eps-figures, asci-file containing numerical tables
of results include
Medium Modification of the Jet Properties
In the case that a dense medium is created in a heavy ions collision,
high-E_t jets are expected to be broadened by medium-modified gluon emission.
This broadening is directly related, through geometry, to the energy loss
measured in inclusive high-p_t particle suppression. We present here the
modifications of jet observables due to the presence of a medium for the case
of azimuthal jet energy distributions and k_t-differential multiplicities
inside the jets.Comment: 4 pages, 3 postscript figures. Proceedings for Quark Matter 200
Non-Abelian Energy Loss at Finite Opacity
A systematic expansion in opacity, , is used to clarify the
non-linear behavior of induced gluon radiation in quark-gluon plasmas. The
inclusive differential gluon distribution is calculated up to second order in
opacity and compared to the zeroth order (factorization) limit. The opacity
expansion makes it possible to take finite kinematic constraints into account
that suppress jet quenching in nuclear collisions below RHIC (
AGeV) energies.Comment: 4 pages (revtex) with 3 eps figures, submitted to PR
Low-pT Collective Flow Induces High-pT Jet Quenching
Data on low-pT hadronic spectra are widely regarded as evidence of a
hydrodynamic expansion in nucleus-nucleus collisions. In this interpretation,
different hadron species emerge from a common medium that has built up a strong
collective velocity field. Here, we show that the existence of a collective
flow field implies characteristic modifications of high-pT parton
fragmentation. We generalize the formalism of parton energy loss to the case of
flow-induced, oriented momentum transfer. We also discuss how to embed this
calculation in hydrodynamic simulations. Flow effects are found to result
generically in characteristic asymmetries in the eta-phi-plane of jet energy
distributions and of multiplicity distributions associated to high-pT trigger
particles. But collective flow also contributes to the medium-induced
suppression of single inclusive high-pT hadron spectra. In particular, we find
that low-pT elliptic flow can induce a sizeable additional contribution to the
high-pT azimuthal asymmetry by selective elimination of those hard partons
which propagate with significant inclination against the flow field. This
reduces at least partially the recently observed problem that models of parton
energy loss tend to underpredict the large azimuthal asymmetry v2 of high-pT
hadronic spectra in semi-peripheral Au+Au collisions.Comment: 26 pages LaTeX, 11 eps-figure
Restriction on the energy and luminosity of e+e- storage rings due to beamstrahlung
The role of beamstrahlung in high-energy e+e- storage-ring colliders (SRCs)
is examined. Particle loss due to the emission of single energetic
beamstrahlung photons is shown to impose a fundamental limit on SRC
luminosities at energies 2E_0 >~ 140 GeV for head-on collisions and 2E_0 >~ 40
GeV for crab-waist collisions. With beamstrahlung taken into account, we
explore the viability of SRCs in the E_0=240-500 GeV range, which is of
interest in the precision study of the Higgs boson. At 2E_0=240 GeV, SRCs are
found to be competitive with linear colliders; however, at 2E_0=400-500 GeV,
the attainable SRC luminosity would be a factor 15-25 smaller than desired.Comment: Latex, 5 pages. v2 differs only by minor changes is abstract and
introduction, one reference is added. v3 corresponds to the paper published
in PR
Back-to-back correlations of high p_T hadrons in relativistic heavy ion collisions
We investigate the suppression factor and the azimuthal correlation function
for high hadrons in central Au+Au collisions at GeV
by using a dynamical model in which hydrodynamics is combined with explicitly
traveling jets. We study the effects of parton energy loss in a hot medium,
intrinsic of partons in a nucleus, and broadening of jets on
the back-to-back correlations of high hadrons. Parton energy loss is
found to be a dominant effect on the reduction of the away-side peaks in the
correlation function.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; version to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Thermal conductance of Andreev interferometers
We calculate the thermal conductance of diffusive Andreev
interferometers, which are hybrid loops with one superconducting arm and one
normal-metal arm. The presence of the superconductor suppresses ; however,
unlike a conventional superconductor, does not vanish as the
temperature , but saturates at a finite value that depends on the
resistance of the normal-superconducting interfaces, and their distance from
the path of the temperature gradient. The reduction of is determined
primarily by the suppression of the density of states in the proximity-coupled
normal metal along the path of the temperature gradient. is also a
strongly nonlinear function of the thermal current, as found in recent
experiments.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Symmetry constraints for the emission angle dependence of Hanbury Brown--Twiss radii
We discuss symmetry constraints on the azimuthal oscillations of two-particle
correlation (Hanbury Brown--Twiss interferometry) radii for non-central
collisions between equal spherical nuclei. We also propose a new method for
correcting in a model-independent way the emission angle dependent correlation
function for finite event plane resolution and angular binning effects.Comment: 8 pages revtex4, 2 tables, no figures. Short Section VI added and
correction algorithm in Section VII made more explicit. Submitted to Physical
Review
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