3 research outputs found
Polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptor genes of indigenous and White Leghorn breeds of chicken
Functional polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) modulate
innate immunity and play a crucial role in resistance or susceptibility to
diseases. The present study was carried out to explore polymorphic patterns
in the coding sequences of PRR genes TLR3, TLR1LA (TLRs),
MDA5, LGP2 (RLRs) and NOD1 (NLR) in chicken breeds
of India, namely Ghagus (GH), Nicobari (NB) and the exotic
White Leghorn (WLH) breed. Out of 209 SNPs observed in five genes among three
breeds, 117 were synonymous (Syn) and 92 were non-synonymous (NS) SNPs. In
TLR genes the highest polymorphism was observed in NB (16, 28)
compared to GH (14, 16) and WLH (13, 19) breeds. In the MDA5 gene
the highest polymorphism was observed in GH (12) compared to NB (eight) and
WLH (four) breeds. However, an almost similar level of polymorphism was observed
in the LGP2 gene among the three breeds. In the NOD1 gene, the highest
polymorphism was observed in NB (27), followed by WLH (11) and GH (10) breeds.
The overall highest number of SNPs was observed in NB (90), followed by GH (62)
and the WLH (57) breed. With regard to variation in polymorphism among different
classes of PRRs, the study revealed the highest polymorphism in TLRs compared to
NOD1 and the RLR class of PRRs. Further, the domain locations of various Syn and
NS SNPs in each PRR among the three breeds were identified. In silico
analysis of NS SNPs revealed that most of them had a neutral effect on
protein function. However, two each in TLR1LA and LGP2
and one in the MDA5 gene were predicted to be deleterious to
protein function. The present study unravelled extensive polymorphism in the
coding sequences of the TLR and NLR class of PRR genes, and the polymorphism was
higher in indigenous chicken breeds.</p
Not Available
Not Available1. The survivability, innate and adaptive immunity, growth and production traits up to 72 weeks of
age were determined in Ghagus, Nicobari (unimproved indigenous) and White Leghorn (WLH)
breeds and the study investigated links between innate and adaptive immunity and survivability
and production traits.
2. At 20 and 40 weeks of age, there was a significant effect of breed on innate immunity assessed by
measuring titres of natural antibody (NAb) binding to rabbit red blood cells (RRBC) and adaptive
immunity assessed by measuring specific antibody titre (SpAb) to Newcastle disease virus.
3. Highest survivability was in WLH (91.6%) followed by Nicobari (87.1%) and Ghagus (82.9%)
breeds. Growth traits at different ages were higher (P< 0.001) in Ghagus followed by WLH and
Nicobari breeds. Egg production up to 72 weeks was higher (P < 0.001) in WLH followed by Nicobari
and Ghagus breeds, whereas egg weight at different ages was higher (P < 0.001) in WLH than
Ghagus and Nicobari breeds.
4. NAb titres measured at 20 weeks were significantly (P = 0.002) associated with the survivability of
hens during 20 to 72 weeks of age. Breed-wise analysis showed a significant (P = 0.019) association
between NAb titres at 20 weeks and survivability in the Ghagus breed. Furthermore, NAb titres at 20
weeks were higher in hens which survived to 72 weeks compared with those that died (P = 0.002).
5. Measuring NAb titres to RRBC is quick, economical and simple. This method has potential to be
used in a breeding programme to increase survivability of laying hens.SER