The effect of waist hip ratio on the various stress types in I year Indian medical students

Background: A medical student faces tremendous academic and non-academic stress owing to the vast curriculum and inadequate time. The impact of stress results in detrimental mental and physical health which is assessed here using stress questionnaires and anthropometric parameters. Stress need not be only academic.  Hence it becomes vital to identify and target the specific and common non-academic stressors to enable the students to have a stress-free learning environment. The objective of this study was to find the inter relationship between waist hip ratio (WHR) and various stressors the student is exposed to.Methods: 97 I year medical students participated in this cross-sectional study and were administered the medical student stress questionnaire (MSSQ), a validated tool and the anthropometric measurements (waist and hip circumference, waist hip ratio, body mass index) were taken. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results: The study showed a negative correlation of WHR with all the stress parameters of which inter personal relationship stress (IRS) and teaching learning related stress (TLRS) were significant.Conclusions: Increasing the duration of I year MBBS course and helping learners acclimatize to the new study environment may help in reducing stress. Stress relaxation techniques, psychological counselling and strengthening the mentor- mentee programs along with exercise regimen may aid in the stress reduction process and facilitate physical health.

Hematological and Inflammatory Biomarkers among Stable COPD and Acute Exacerbations of COPD Patients

Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is heterogeneous in nature. Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is diagnosed clinically which is subjective and clinical judgment may vary from clinician to clinician. Since chronic inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of COPD, markers of inflammation have generated lot of interest for their potential to be used as biomarkers of COPD. This study aimed to assess the variation in levels of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet indices in patients with stable COPD and acute exacerbation of COPD patients and its association with GOLD stages. Methods: This prospective analytical study was carried out in our tertiary care hospital from December 2018 to July 2020. About 64 subjects (32- stable COPD, 32- AECOPD) who satisfied study criteria were included. Blood sample was taken from stable and AECOPD patients and were compared. Results: It was observed that Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet Distribution Width, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C-Reactive Protein were increased in AECOPD patients when compared with stable COPD patients which was statistically significant with p value of <0.001. A positive correlation was observed between Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet Distribution Width and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, C-Reactive Protein which was statistically significant with p value of <0.001. Conclusion: We found that neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width values increased significantly in AECOPD patients when compared to stable COPD patients. Keywords: AECOPD; COPD; Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio; Platelet Distribution Width

Design of High Efficient MPPT Solar Inverter

This work aims to design a High Efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Solar Inverter. A boost converter is designed in the system to boost the power from the photovoltaic panel. By this experimental setup a room consisting of 500 Watts load (eight fluorescent tubes) is completely controlled. It is aimed to decrease the maintenance cost. A microcontroller is introduced for tracking the P&O (Perturb and Observe) algorithm used for tracking the maximum power point. The duty cycle for the operation of the boost convertor is optimally adjusted by using MPPT controller. There is a MPPT charge controller to charge the battery as well as fed to inverter which runs the load. Both the P&O scheme with the fixed variation for the reference current and the intelligent MPPT algorithm were able to identify the global Maximum power point, however the performance of the MPPT algorithm was better

Design of High Efficient MPPT Solar Inverter

This work aims to design a High Efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Solar Inverter. A boost converter is designed in the system to boost the power from the photovoltaic panel. By this experimental setup a room consisting of 500 Watts load (eight fluorescent tubes) is completely controlled. It is aimed to decrease the maintenance cost. A microcontroller is introduced for tracking the P&O (Perturb and Observe) algorithm used for tracking the maximum power point. The duty cycle for the operation of the boost convertor is optimally adjusted by using MPPT controller. There is a MPPT charge controller to charge the battery as well as fed to inverter which runs the load. Both the P&O scheme with the fixed variation for the reference current and the intelligent MPPT algorithm were able to identify the global Maximum power point, however the performance of the MPPT algorithm was better