2 research outputs found
ΠΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΠΠ
The dispersion composition of polymer suspensions and molecular weights of polymers obtained by suspension polymerization of MMA in the presence of polymer surfactants β methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymers β were studied. It is shown that a highly dispersed fraction of particles with diameters of 0.02β2.0 Β΅m and a fraction of particles with large diameters (up to 1000 Β΅m) are always present in the polymer suspension. After fractionation of polymer suspensions 3 fractions of particles with different diameters were obtained. For each particle fraction the molecular masses of polymers were determined by viscometry. A significant difference in the values of the molecular masses of polymers obtained as particles of small and large diameters β 105 and 106 Da, respectively β is shown. The presence of a highly dispersed fraction of particles in which a polymer of high molecular weight is formed has a noticeable effect on the average molecular weight of the polymer. In particles of small diameter polymerization takes place according to a mechanism close to the emulsion, due to the fact that the volume of such particles contains a small amount of radicals. The high rate of polymerization leads to the formation of a polymer of high molecular weight, the appearance of a gel effect and a decrease in the termination constant. In most particles, polymerization proceeds by a mechanism close to the solution polymerization, and polymers of low molecular weight are formed. This makes it possible to synthesize polymers of a given molecular weight in drops of certain dispersity.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ β ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ 0.02β2.0 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π΄ΠΎ 1000 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ). ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ 3 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² β 106 ΠΈ 105 ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°. Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ. Π Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
The Dispersion Composition of Polymethylmethacrylate Suspensions and Molecular Weights of Polymers Obtained by Suspension Polymerization in the Presence of Acrylic Copolymers as Surfactants
The dispersion composition of polymer suspensions and molecular weights of polymers obtained by suspension polymerization of MMA in the presence of polymer surfactants β methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymers β were studied. It is shown that a highly dispersed fraction of particles with diameters of 0.02β2.0 Β΅m and a fraction of particles with large diameters (up to 1000 Β΅m) are always present in the polymer suspension. After fractionation of polymer suspensions 3 fractions of particles with different diameters were obtained. For each particle fraction the molecular masses of polymers were determined by viscometry. A significant difference in the values of the molecular masses of polymers obtained as particles of small and large diameters β 105 and 106 Da, respectively β is shown. The presence of a highly dispersed fraction of particles in which a polymer of high molecular weight is formed has a noticeable effect on the average molecular weight of the polymer. In particles of small diameter polymerization takes place according to a mechanism close to the emulsion, due to the fact that the volume of such particles contains a small amount of radicals. The high rate of polymerization leads to the formation of a polymer of high molecular weight, the appearance of a gel effect and a decrease in the termination constant. In most particles, polymerization proceeds by a mechanism close to the solution polymerization, and polymers of low molecular weight are formed. This makes it possible to synthesize polymers of a given molecular weight in drops of certain dispersity