Валидация методики количественного определения оригинальной субстанции дипептида треонилтреонина

Validation of the quantitative determination of the threonylthreonine substance was carried out in terms of specificity, linearity, correctness, precision, including repeatability and reproducibility. The linearity correlation coefficient of the method was 0.99998 in the range of 80–120 % of the standardized value. The calculated Student’s coefficients for the range 80, 100, 120 % are respectively equal to 1.32; 0.31; 0.55 and do not exceed the permissible limit values. The open rate was 100.07 %. The repeatability limit for one measurement group was – 0.20; for two – 0.366 in accordance with the eligibility criteria. The calculated Student’s (t = 1.34) and Fisher’s (F = 2.00) criteria for two groups of measurements did not exceed the permissible values. The developed technique for potentiometric titration of the threonylthreonine substance in a non-aqueous medium is valid.Валидация количественного определения субстанции треонилтреонина проведена по показателям специфичность, линейность, правильность, прецизионность, включая повторяемость и воспроизводимость. Коэффициент корреляции линейности методики составил 0,99998 в диапазоне применения 80–120 % от нормируемого значения. Рассчитанные коэффициенты Стьюдента для диапазона 80, 100, 120 % соответственно равны 1,32; 0,31; 0,55 и не превышают допустимые предельные значения. Коэффициент открываемости составил 100,07 %; предел повторяемости для одной группы измерений – 0,20; для двух – 0,366 в соответствии с критериями приемлемости. Рассчитанные критерии Стьюдента (t = 1,34) и Фишера (F = 2,00) для двух групп измерений не превышали допустимых значений. Разработанная методика потенциометрического титрования субстанции треонилтреонина в неводной среде валидна

Влияние условий кристаллизации на полиморфизм субстанции модафинил

The effect of the crystallization conditions of modafinil from its methanol solutions on the polymorphic state of the resulting substance was studied using the X-ray powder diffraction method. It is shown that changes in the cooling rate and the concentration of saturated solutions have an effect on obtaining samples of the modafinil substance with differences in diffractometric characteristics. Moreover, the cooling rate practically does not affect the yield of the crystalline product, which depends on the degree of saturation of crystallization solutions. It was found that the I polymorphic form of modafinil can be obtained from modafinil solutions with a concentration in the range of 0.34–0.44 M with slow cooling of solutions, mainly with a temperature gradient of 5–10 °C/hour to a temperature of 5 ± 2 °C. An increase in the cooling rate of saturated solutions and their concentration >0.44 M leads to the production of mixed polymorphic forms of modafinil crystals.С использованием метода порошковой рентгеновской дифракции изучено влияние условий кристаллизации модафинила из его метанольных растворов на полиморфное состояние полученной субстанции. Показано, что изменения скорости охлаждения и концентрации насыщенных растворов оказывают влияние на получение образцов субстанции модафинила, имеющих отличия дифрактометрических характеристик. Причем скорость охлаждения практически не влияет на выход кристаллического продукта, который находится в зависимости от степени насыщения кристаллизационных растворов. Установлено, что I полиморфная форма модафинила может быть получена из растворов модафинила с концентрацией в диапазоне 0,34–0,44 М при медленном охлаждении растворов, преимущественно с градиентом температур 5–10 ºС/ч до температуры (5 ± 2) ºС. Увеличение скорости охлаждения насыщенных растворов и их концентрация >0,44 М приводит к получению смешанных полиморфных форм кристаллов модафинила

Синтез ацильных производных пролиллейцилглицинамида

Tert-butyloxycarbonylprolylleucylglycinamide is obtained both by the interaction of tert-butyloxycarbonylprol ylleucylglycine ethyl ester with a methanolic ammonia solution and by the reaction of glycine amide with a mixed anhydride which was synthesized from tert-butyloxycarbonylprolylleucine and isobutylchloroformate. The removal of the tert-butyloxycarbonyl group by the action of formic acid or a dioxane solution of hydrogen chloride and treatment of the resulting salts with the corresponding base yielded a prolylleucylglycinamide, by the interaction of which with acetic, benzoic or 5-phenylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acids chlorides acyl derivatives of prolylleucylglycinamide are obtained.Трет-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллейцилглицинамид получен как взаимодействием этилового эфира трет-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллейцилглицина с метанольным раствором аммиака, так и реакцией амида глицина со смешанным ангидридом, синтезированным из трет-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллейцина и изо-бутилхлорформиата. Удаление трет-бутилоксикарбонильной группы под действием муравьиной кислоты или диоксанового раствора хлористого водорода и обработка образующихся при этом солей соответствующим основанием давали пролиллейцилглицинамид, взаимодействием которого с хлорангидридами уксусной, бензойной или 5-фенилизоксазол-3-карбоновой кислот получены ацильные производные пролиллейцилглицинамида

Universal Library for Building Radar Operator Interface

The article contains the results of the development of a software library, used for building software interfaces for radars being developed in BMSTU Radioelectronic Technics Scientific and Research Institute. The library is a software application library written in C++ using Qt and OpenGL libraries.The article describes the requirements, that the library is supposed to meet, in particular — cross-platform capabilities and versatility of the solution. The data types, that library uses, are described. The description of theinterface elements developed is shown, and some pictures of their operation are given.The article shows the main interface elements used. They are: «Matrix» that shows twodimensional data, «Waterfall», that is used for time scanning of the parameter specified, and «Plan Position Indicator» that shows circular scan from surveillance radar without geometric distortions.The part «Library implementation» shows the example of radiolocation station interface, that was based on this library, used in the working model of ultrashortpulse radar. Some results of the operation of this interface are also shown. The experiment shows the system working with two people in the field. As people start to move, the system becomes capable of distinguishing moving targets and stationary surface. The article shows the system operation the same way as the system operator can see it through his interface.The conclusion contains brief results of the development, the sphere of application of the software, and the prospects of the further development of the library.</p

Fractal Phototherapy in Neuroprotection of Glaucoma

Purpose: to study the effect of low-intensity fractal light stimulation on the sensitivity in the visual field in patients with suspected glaucoma (SG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Material and Methods. The study involved 146 people, including 98 patients of the main group (No. 1) and 49 people from the control group “placebo”-therapy (No. 2). Standard automatic perimetry was performed (SITA-Standard, Humphrey, CarlZeissMeditec, 24-2). The dynamics of the perimetry indices MD and PSD were evaluated before and after the course of a ten 10-minute session of fractal phototherapy or after a 10-day course of relaxation consisting in watching a particular training video twice a day. The maximum brightness of the flashes on the cornea during phototherapy was 10–12 lux, the fractal dimension of the optical signal was D = 1.4. Results. A two-week course of low-intensity stimulation with fractal optical signals reliably improved the MD reflected the common defect in the visual field, in all patients with SG and POAG. The expositions to videos with a relaxation program did not have a statistically significant effect on MD and PSD indices. The pronounced effect of fractal stimulation revealed in eyes with POAG III (a reduction of MD on average by 4.39 dB) suggests that even in advanced stages of glaucoma in the general population of retinal ganglion cells there is a significant percentage of cells that are still at the plastic stage of reversible functional changes and can respond positively to therapy. The results substantiate the feasibility of application neuroprotective therapy to patients with any stage of glaucoma, including the advanced stage. Conclusion. In this study, we first used the technology of fractal optical stimulation for the treatment of glaucoma. The first evidence of the neuroprotective effect of fractal phototherapy for POAG at different stages has been obtained. Fractal stimulation can be considered as a new non-pharmacological (physiotherapeutic) approach to neuroprotective therapy, whose potential and mechanisms need to be studied in future studies