Resposta da soja a variações na adubação de plantio e cobertura potássica na região dos Campos das Vertentes, Minas Gerais.

Fertbio 2012

Disponibilidade de nitrogênio mineral decorrente da aplicação de uréias tratadas em solo com alta umidade superficial.

Fertbio 2012

Características de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos caipiras submetidos à sistema alternativo de criação.

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A comparison of two rotational stocking strategies on the foraging behaviour and herbage intake by grazing sheep

An understanding of the processes involved in grazing behaviour is a prerequisite for the design of efficient grassland management systems. The purpose of managing the grazing process is to identify sward structures that can maximize animal forage daily intake and optimize grazing time. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of different grazing management strategies on foraging behaviour and herbage intake by sheep grazing Italian ryegrass under rotational stocking. The experiment was carried out in 2015 in southern Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with two grazing management strategies and four replicates. The grazing management treatments were a traditional rotational stocking (RT), with pre- and post-grazing sward heights of 25 and 5 cm, respectively, and a ‘Rotatinuous’ stocking (RN) with pre- and post-grazing sward heights of 18 and 11 cm, respectively. Male sheep with an average live weight of 32 ± 2.3 kg were used. As intended, the pre- and post-grazing sward heights were according to the treatments. The pre-grazing leaf/stem ratio of the Italian ryegrass pasture did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05) (~2.87), but the post-grazing leaf/stem ratio was greater (P 0.05), with averages of 439, 167 and 85 min, respectively. The bite rate, feeding stations per min and steps per min by sheep were greater (P < 0.05) in the RN than in the RT treatment. The grazing time per hour and the bite rate were greater (P < 0.05) in the afternoon than in the morning in both treatments. The daily herbage intake by sheep grazing Italian ryegrass was greater (P < 0.05) in the RN than in the RT treatment (843.7 and 707.8 g organic matter/sheep, respectively). Our study supports the idea that even though the grazing time was not affected by the grazing management strategies when the animal behaviour responses drive management targets, such as in ‘Rotatinuous’ stocking, the sheep herbage intake is maximized, and the grazing time is optimized

Comparação de modelos regressão aleatória para descrição das herdabilidades associadas à curva de crescimento de ovinos Santa Inês.

Resumo - Funções polinomiais da idade de diferentes ordens foram avaliadas na modelagem dos efeitos aleatórios para estimação de herdabilidades associadas à curva de crescimento de ovinos Santa Inês. Os efeitos fixos incluídos nos modelos de análise foram grupo de contemporâneo, a idade da ovelha ao parto e os polinômios de Legendre da idade de ordem quatro para representar a curva média de crescimento. Na parte aleatória, consideraram-se funções de diferentes ordens para modelar as variâncias associadas aos efeitos genéticos aditivos direto e materno e aos efeitos de ambiente permanente de animal e da mãe. A variância residual foi ajustada por meio de um polinômio ordinário da idade de ordem seis. De acordo com o valor do critério AIC e o teste da razão de verossimilhança, uma função contínua com as ordens cinco, cinco, sete e três, respectivamente, para os efeitos genéticos aditivos direto e materno e o ambiente permanente de animal e da mãe (k=5573), foi suficiente para ajustar a variância nos dados. Porém, de acordo com o BIC, o modelo com as ordens três, três, cinco e três, para os mesmos efeitos citados anteriormente (k=3353), proporcionou melhor ajuste nas variâncias, conseqüentemente nas herdabilidades estimadas. As herdabilidades estimadas indicam que a seleção para peso resultará em pequenos ganhos genéticos. [Comparison of random regression models for the description of the heritability associated with the growth curve of Santa Ines sheep]. Abstract - Polynomial functions of age from different orders were evaluated on the modeling of random effects associated with the growth curve of Santa Ines sheep. The fixed effects included in the analysis were contemporary groups, the age of dam at lambing and the Legendre polynomial of age of order four to represent the average growth curve. On the random part, functions of different orders were considered for modeling the variances associated with direct and maternal additive genetic effects and with direct and maternal permanent environmental effects. The residual variance was fitted by an ordinary polynomial of age of order six. According to the value of the criteria AIC and the likelihood ratio test, a continual function with the orders five, five, seven and three, respectively, for the direct and maternal additive genetic effects and direct and maternal permanent environmental effects (k=5573) was enough for fitting the variance on data. However, according to the value of the criterion BIC, the model with the orders three, three, five and three (k=3353), for the same effects above, provided best fit in the variances, consequently in the heritability estimated. The estimated heritabilities indicate that the selection for weight will result in small genetic gain

Salmonelose associada à esquistossomose mansônica hépato-esplênica: ação do praziquantel

Cinco pacientes portadores de esquistossomose mansônica hépato-esplênica, associada à salmonelose, foram tratados com dose única de praziquantel (60 mg/kg peso), havendo desaparecimento da hipertermia do 1.° ao 3.° dia após a terapêutica e cura clínica subseqüente da salmonelose e da esquistossomose. O estudo da sensibilidade "in vitro" das bactérias isoladas: Salmonella minnesota, Salmonella dublin, Salmonella panama e Salmonella typhi (2 pacientes) não mostrou ação direta do praziquantel sobre tais enterobactérias. Os soros coletados antes e 24 horas após o tratamento não foram capazes de inibir o crescimento das bactérias isoladas dos respectivos pacientes.Five schistosomiasis patients (hepatesplenic stage) with chronic Salmonella bacteremia were given praziquantel by oral route, single dosis treatment (60 mg/kg). Fever decreased one to three days after the treatment and the patients recovered both from salmonellosis and schistosomiasis. "In vitro" sensitivity test employing Salmonella minnesota, Salmonella dublin, Salmonella panama and Salmonella typhi isolated from patients did not show any activity of praziquantel against these Salmonella species. Patients' sera collected before and 24 hours after treatment were not able to prevent bacterial growth

Estimativa de capacidades de combinação em gerações iniciais de seleção de batata.

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Exploring plural values of ecosystem services: local peoples' perceptions and implications for protected area management in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil.

The remnants of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil are significant for biodiversity and provide benefits for people (climate regulation, water supply, health and welfare, among others). However, nature's importance for different people may vary, for social, environmental, and economic reasons. In this paper, we explore such differences among people living in communities surrounding the Cunhambebe State Park (PEC), a large area of Atlantic Forest. We assess their perceptions regarding the plural values of ecosystem services derived from the PEC and explore ways in which this could affect the management of this protected area. Our assumption is that analyzing the perceptions of people who live in the communities surrounding can be a key tool for the formulation of proposals to improve management models and address socio-environmental conflicts. Based on interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, our results show a direct link between culture and environment since relational values and cultural ecosystem services are closely related to local people's valuation of the PEC. Therefore, we support management strategies which are based on local values for land and forest use in a sustainable way. Our findings may contribute to decision making by PEC managers, governments, local stakeholders, and researchers