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    НСпосрСдствСнныС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ стСнтирования ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с бСссимптомным Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ хроничСской ишСмии Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°

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    Highlights. The efficiency of the endovascular treatment combined with medical therapy versus medical therapy has been proven to prevent strokes in patients with vertebral artery atherosclerotic lesions and asymptomatic chronic cerebral ischemia.Aim. To assess the efficiency of endovascular treatment in patients with asymptomatic vertebral artery atherosclerotic lesions as an approach for secondary prevention of strokes.Methods. Group 1 patients (n = 44) underwent stenting of the vertebral arteries combined with the medical therapy to prevent strokes, whereas group 2 patients (n = 56) received the medical therapy alone. Group 1 was then subdivided into two subgroups -subgroups 1a and 1b. Subgroup 1a patients underwent (n = 22) stenting using the embolic protection devices, while Subgroup 1b patients (n = 22) - embolic protection devices were not used. The follow-up was up to 36 months with regular visits at 12, 24, and 36 months. The inclusion criteria were as follows: asymptomatic vertebral artery stenosis of 50-95%; the diameter of the vertebral arteries of less than 3.0 and not more than 5 mm; the presence of cerebral and focal symptoms corresponding to asymptomatic chronic brain ischemia (according to E.V. Schmidt).Results. The overall incidence of spasm and dissection during endovascular intervention was 20% and 4.5% in Subgroup 1a and 1b, respectively (p = 0.0367). 2 (4.5%) patients had transient ischemic attack in Subgroup 1a. There were no perioperative strokes in Subgroup 1b. The overall rate of major cerebral complications over 36 months was 4.5% in Group 1 versus 37.5% in Group 2 (x2 = 15.101; p <0.0001). The rate of adverse cardiac events was 9.1% and 19.6%, in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (x2 = 14.784; p <0.0001). In-stent restenosis occurred in 38.67% of patients in Group I, who underwent stenting using various generations of stents. In-stent restenosis did not affect the incidence of major cerebral complications in the long-term period (x2 = 0.1643; p = 0.735).Conclusion. Endovascular treatment combined with medical therapy allowed preventing cerebral complications associated with the instability of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with asymptomatic vertebral artery stenosis. It has proved to be an effective method for the secondary prevention of strokes.Β ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ полоТСния. Π’ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с атСросклСротичСскими стСнозами ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ бСссимптомным Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ хроничСской ишСмии Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° высокая ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (эндоваскулярного ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровообращСния с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ привСрТСнности ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ лСкарствСнной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ.ЦСль. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ эндоваскулярных Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π² Ρƒ асимптомных ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с атСросклСротичСскими стСнозами ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровообращСния (НМК).ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ I Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ (n = 44) вторичная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° НМК ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ способом - стСнтированиС ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Π² сочСтании с ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΎ II Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ (n = 56) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’ I Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° «слСпая» рандомизация Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ - 1Π° ΠΈ Ib. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ 1Π° (ΠΏ = 22) эндоваскулярноС Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ выполняли с использованиСм устройств Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ эмболии, Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ib (n = 22) Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства Π½Π΅ примСняли. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сроки наблюдСния составили 12, 24 ΠΈ 36 мСс. ΠšΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² исслСдованиС: асимптомныС Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ со стСнозами ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ 50-95%; Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ 3,0-5,0 ΠΌΠΌ; ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ симптомы, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (асимптомной) стадии хроничСской ишСмии ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (ΠΏΠΎ Π•.Π’. Π¨ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Ρ‚Ρƒ).Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Буммарная частота развития спазма ΠΈ диссСкций Π²ΠΎ врСмя эндоваскулярного Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ia составила 20%, Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ib - 4,5% (Ρ€ = 0,0367). Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ia Ρƒ 2 (4,5%) ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ прСходящиС НМК, Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ib ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… НМК Π½Π΅ наблюдалось. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ частота ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний Π·Π° 36 мСс. наблюдСния составила 4,5% Π² I Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΈ 37,5% Π²ΠΎ II Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ (Ρ…2 = 15,101; Ρ€<0,0001). Частота ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… событий - 9,1 ΠΈ 19,6% Π² I ΠΈ II Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… соотвСтствСнно (Ρ…2 = 14,784; Ρ€<0,0001). РСстСноз ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стСнтов ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Ρƒ 38,67% Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… I Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ стСнтированиС ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ гСнСрациями стСнтов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом сам ΠΏΠΎ сСбС рСстСноз Π½Π΅ влиял Π½Π° частоту Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ (Ρ…2 = 0,1643; Ρ€ = 0,735).Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ЭндоваскулярноС Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π² сочСтании с ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ развития Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… вслСдствиС Π½Π΅ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ атСросклСротичСской бляшки Ρƒ асимптомных ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² со стСнозами ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ являСтся эффСктивным ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ НМК

    RESULTS OF BIODEGRADABLE VASCULAR ENDOPROSTHESES IMPLANTATION IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

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    Aim. To evaluate efficacy of endovascular treatment in patients with diabetes, operated with biodegradable vascular endoprostheses and everolimus eluting stents.Material and methods. Primarily, 143 patients were selected into the study. Then 125 patients included and randomized to 2 groups. Patients of I group (n=57) underwent implantation biodegradable vascular endoprostheses, and the II group (n=68) β€” coronary stents eluting everolimus. For the control of biodegradable endoprostheses implantation optical coherent tomography was used, that was performed at the end of intervention and in long-term follow-up by 12 months. Results. Totally, 63 biodegradable vascular endoprostheses implanted to the patients of I group, and 102 everolimus coated stents to II group patients. Mean diameter of implanted endoprostheses in group I was β€” 2,88Β±0,06 mm, and in group II β€” 2,68Β±0,12 mm (Ρ€>0,05). Technical success of intervention was 100% in both groups. Total number of serious cardiovascular complications during in-patient phase was 3,5% and 2,94% in groups, respectively (p>0,05). Long-term results were followed-up in 41 patient from group I and in 52 from group II. In 12 months survival rate was 100%. Prevalence of non-fatal MI among I and II group patients was 4,9% and 3,8%, resp. (p>0,05). The reason was progression of atherosclerotic process in other arteries. Restenosis prevalence that required new intervention on target lesion was 2,4% and 1,9%, resp. (p>0,05). Late thrombosis in long-term follow-up was not marked in both groups. Late loss of intrinsic lumen of the vessel, by the data of optical coherent tomography was 0,14Β±0,19 mm and 0,12Β±0,23 mm, respectively, for groups I and II (Ρ€>0,05).Conclusion. Biodegradable vascular endoprostheses in CHD patients with diabetes and mostly involvement of middle and distal segments of coronary arteries, showed equal efficacy and safety, with everolimus coated stents, in 12 months after intervention
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