Results of Endovascular Procedures Performed in Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Accesses for Haemodialysis

Aim. Percutaneous endovascular procedures have become the standard treatment of arteriovenous fistulae and graft stenosis. This study evaluates the immediate results of angiographic procedures performed by nephrologists in patients with dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulae and arteriovenous graft stenosis. Patients and Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients referred to the three Interventional Nephrology units between April and June, 2010. Clinical data were recorded. Results. A total of 113 procedures were performed: 59 in arteriovenous fistulae and 54 in arteriovenous graft stenosis. The main reasons for referral were increased venous pressure (21%), limb oedema (21%) and decreased intra-access flow (20%). Stenoses were detected in 85% of the procedures, mostly in patients with arteriovenous graft stenosis (56%). The main locations of stenosis were the outflow vein (cephalic/basilic) in arteriovenous fistulae (34%) and venous anastomosis in arteriovenous graft stenosis(48%). Angioplasty was performed in 73% of procedures where stenoses were detected. The immediate success rate was 91% for arteriovenous fistulae and 83% for arteriovenous graft stenosis. Partial success was obtained in 11% of angiographies. The complication rate was 7%. Conclusions. Physical examination findings led, in at least half the cases, to angiography referral and enabled the diagnosis and treatment of stenoses. For this reason, we advocate that this tool should be included in any vascular access monitoring programme. Our results support the safety of these procedures performed by nephrologists and their efficacy in the recovery of dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulae and arteriovenous graft stenosis

Seleción de primers RAPD en Etlingera elatior.

SIRGEALC

Seleção de primers ISSR para análises genéticas em Tucumã-do-Pará (Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.).

Dentre as espécies oleaginosas existentes na Amazônia o tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.) se destaca com grande potencialidade nas indústrias alimentícia, medicinal e como matéria prima ao mercado de biodiesel. Marcadores ISSR são utilizados em estudos de diversidade e variabilidade genética por não necessitarem de informação prévia da seqüência de DNA. Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar primers ISSR para análises genéticas em tucumã-do-pará. Foram aplicados 100 primers ISSR do Set 9 da UBC em cinco amostras de DNA de tucumã representantes de genótipos conservados no BAG da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental em Belém-PA. As PCR?s foram feitas em temperatura de anelamento padrão (Ta=47ºC). A análise foi feita visualmente considerando a amplificação ou não amplificação de produtos. Dos 100 primers 54 não amplificaram bandas. Dos 46 que revelaram produtos, 17 produziram bandas claras e inespecíficas, enquanto 29 primers revelaram bandas específicas. Com o presente estudo foi possível selecionar preliminarmente 26 primers capazes de amplificar regiões de A. vulgare, e sugere-se inicialmente, os primers ISSR UBC 890 e UBC 891 que melhor amplificaram, para estudos de divergência genética do tucumã-do-pará