Highly Efficient One-pot Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Docking Studies of Newer β-amino Carbonyl Derivatives Catalyzed by Silica Sulfuric Acid

Mannich reaction was applied between 4-fluorobezaldehyde, selected acetophenone and several anilines, catalyzed by silica sulfuric acid for the synthesis of β-amino carbonyl derivatives. Reaction time and yield of the products depended on the nature of acetophenone and aniline subsituents. Using aliphatic amines instead of aromatic amines under same reaction conditions, afforded aldol condensation products without yielding the expected β-amino ketones. Replacing the acetophenone derivatives with rhodanine yielded 5-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-thioxothiazolidin-4-one. Using 2-aminothiophenol instead of the aniline derivatives, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)benzothiazole was obtained without isolation of the expected (mercapto-phenylamino)-1-(4-substitutedphenyl)propan-1-ones. A proposed reaction mechanism was suggested. Docking studies were designed to gain clear picture of the high active compound(s). A model of high active molecules was mapped for the antimicrobial screening and compared with least active compound(s). (doi: 10.5562/cca1983

An atlas of the transverse dimensions of the face

http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015050820110;view=2up;ui=fullscreen#page/n0/mode/2u

Discrete-Time Predator-Prey Model with Bifurcations and Chaos

In this paper, local dynamics, bifurcations and chaos control in a discrete-time predator-prey model have been explored in ℝ+2. It is proved that the model has a trivial fixed point for all parametric values and the unique positive fixed point under definite parametric conditions. By the existing linear stability theory, we studied the topological classifications at fixed points. It is explored that at trivial fixed point model does not undergo the flip bifurcation, but flip bifurcation occurs at the unique positive fixed point, and no other bifurcations occur at this point. Numerical simulations are performed not only to demonstrate obtained theoretical results but also to tell the complex behaviors in orbits of period-4, period-6, period-8, period-12, period-17, and period-18. We have computed the Maximum Lyapunov exponents as well as fractal dimension numerically to demonstrate the appearance of chaotic behaviors in the considered model. Further feedback control method is employed to stabilize chaos existing in the model. Finally, existence of periodic points at fixed points for the model is also explored

Prevalence of Self-Reported Food Allergies and Their Association with Other Health Conditions among Adults in Saudi Arabia

Food allergies are a potentially life-threatening health issue, and few studies have determined their prevalence throughout Saudi Arabia. The main objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of self-reported food allergies, and explore their association with other health conditions among adults in Saudi Arabia. This study was a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted via phone interviews in June 2020. A proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants by age and gender across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Self-reported food allergy, height, weight, health conditions, mental health status, and demographic variables were collected. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 (75.48%) participants responded and completed the interview. Furthermore, 50.1% of the participants were female, with a mean age of 36.4 ± 13.5 years (18–90 years). The prevalence of food allergies was 19.7%. The most self-reported food allergies were egg, shellfish and shrimp, and peanuts, with a prevalence of 3.7%, 3.1%, and 3.0%, respectively. There was an association between the presence of food allergies and reported bariatric surgery, asthma, colon disease, and being at risk of depression. Bariatric surgery was significantly associated with lower likelihood of self-reported allergy (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.22–2.34, p = 0.002). This study revealed, for the first time, a high prevalence of self-reported food allergies among adults in Saudi Arabia in a large nationwide sample, and food allergy association with bariatric surgery, asthma, colon disease, and being at risk of depression. This information is valuable for clinicians and policymakers, particularly in terms of food allergen labeling

Chaotic Search-Based Salp Swarm Algorithm for Dealing with System of Nonlinear Equations and Power System Applications

The system of nonlinear equations (SNLEs) is one of the eminent problems in science and engineering, and it is still open to research. A new hybrid intelligent algorithm is presented in this research to solve SNLEs. It is a composite of the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and chaotic search technique (CST). The proposed methodology is named chaotic salp swarm algorithm (CSSA). CSSA is designed as an optimization process, whereby feasible and infeasible solutions are updated to move closer to the optimum value. The use of this hybrid intelligent methodology aims to improve performance, increase solution versatility, avoid the local optima trap, speed up convergence and optimize the search process. Firstly, SNLEs are transformed into an optimization problem. Secondly, CSSA is used to solve this optimization problem: SSA is used to update the feasible solutions, whereas the infeasible solutions are updated by CST. One of the most significant advantages of the suggested technique is that it does not ignore infeasible solutions that are updated, because these solutions are often extremely near to the optimal solution, resulting in increased search effectiveness and effective exploration and exploitation. The algorithm’s mathematical model is presented in detail. Finally, the proposed approach is assessed with several benchmark problems and real-world applications. Simulation results show that the proposed CSSA is competitive and better in comparison to others, which illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In addition, a statistical analysis by the Wilcoxon rankings test between CSSA and the other comparison methods shows that all p-values are less than 0.05, and CSSA achieves negative ranks’ sum values (R−) much better than the positive ranks’ sum values (R+) in all benchmark problems. In addition, the results have high precision and show good agreement in comparison with similar methods, and they further proved the ability of CSSA to solve real-world applications

Chaotic Search-Based Salp Swarm Algorithm for Dealing with System of Nonlinear Equations and Power System Applications

The system of nonlinear equations (SNLEs) is one of the eminent problems in science and engineering, and it is still open to research. A new hybrid intelligent algorithm is presented in this research to solve SNLEs. It is a composite of the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and chaotic search technique (CST). The proposed methodology is named chaotic salp swarm algorithm (CSSA). CSSA is designed as an optimization process, whereby feasible and infeasible solutions are updated to move closer to the optimum value. The use of this hybrid intelligent methodology aims to improve performance, increase solution versatility, avoid the local optima trap, speed up convergence and optimize the search process. Firstly, SNLEs are transformed into an optimization problem. Secondly, CSSA is used to solve this optimization problem: SSA is used to update the feasible solutions, whereas the infeasible solutions are updated by CST. One of the most significant advantages of the suggested technique is that it does not ignore infeasible solutions that are updated, because these solutions are often extremely near to the optimal solution, resulting in increased search effectiveness and effective exploration and exploitation. The algorithm’s mathematical model is presented in detail. Finally, the proposed approach is assessed with several benchmark problems and real-world applications. Simulation results show that the proposed CSSA is competitive and better in comparison to others, which illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In addition, a statistical analysis by the Wilcoxon rankings test between CSSA and the other comparison methods shows that all p-values are less than 0.05, and CSSA achieves negative ranks’ sum values (R−) much better than the positive ranks’ sum values (R+) in all benchmark problems. In addition, the results have high precision and show good agreement in comparison with similar methods, and they further proved the ability of CSSA to solve real-world applications