A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPRING TRITICALE VARIETIES IN THE WESTERN SIBERIAN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF VEGETATION

Spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) for Western Siberia is new and poorly studied culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of spring triticale varieties and breeding lines and their adaptation to diferent conditions in Western Siberia. A ield experiment was conducted in Novosibirsk region, Russia in 2014. The experiment included seven spring triticale genotypes: the elite variety Ukro, three mutant forms of the facultative type of development (Sirs 57/2/4, Cecad 90/5, О.312/38) and three hybrids (Sirs 57/2/4 x Ukro, Ukro x K-3881, the complex hybrid winter wheat Filatovka x winter rye Korotko stebelnaya 69304 x Sirs 57/2/4). They were studied at two sowing rates (400 seeds per m2 and 800 seeds per m2) and on two sowing dates (15 May 2014 and 27 May 2014). The following attributes were measured: grain yield, number of ears, plant height, yield components (ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear, grains weight per ear) and yield quality (1 000-grain weight and test weight of one-liter grain volume). The three-factor analysis of variance revealed that sowing rate efect explained the major part of the total experimental variation in almost all of the traits, except 1 000-grain weight and test weight, the variation of which was determined predominantly by genotype efect. The highest grain productivity of varieties was obtained for the 15 May sowing date at the 400 seeds per m2 sowing rate. The three mutant forms used in the experiment showed a lower level of adaptability in comparison with the variety Ukro

Osteogenesis imperfecta as a cause of death

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare heterozygous connective tissue disordercaused by mutations in genes that affect collagen components (in most cases mutations in COL1A1 и COL1A2 genes). The current classification system includes 15 types of OI, one of which (type II) is characterized by 100% intrauterine or perinatal mortality. The structure of mortality in other OI types is poorly understood because of the heterogeneity of clinical symptoms and the severity of connective tissue damage. W present a clinical case of type III osteogenesis imperfecta, complicated by generalized osteoporosis with multiple fractures of vertebrae and tubular bones and progressive kyphoscoliosis. Late-initiated treatment led to progression of the disease and led to cardiopulmonary insufficiency and death of the patient. Our clinical case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis, treatment and regular observation in patients with OI

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE NEW ANTIVIRAL SUBSTANCE

Objective: To develop a set of quality control procedures for the promising antiviral pharmaceutical substance L-histidyl-1-adamantylethylamine dihydrochloride monohydrate, a derivative of rimantadine. Methods: Substances and solvents: synthesized in laboratory L-histidyl-1-adamantylethylamine dihydrochloride monohydrate (H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O), rimantadine hydrochloride (Rim•HCl), 99%, ethanol 96%, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) anhydrous, 99.8% and n-hexane anhydrous, 95%, deionized high-resistance water (18.2 MΩ•cm at 25 °C, Milli-Q system), silver nitrate. Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy–Cary 630 Fourier Transform IR Spectrometer, elemental analysis–elemental composition analyzer CHNS-O EuroEA3000, ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry–Cary-60 spectrophotometer, polarimetry–POL-1/2 polarimeter with an external Peltier module, granulometric analysis by optical microscopy (Altami BIO 2 microscope) and low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS)–Master Sizer 3600, measurement of potential for hydrogen–potentiometer PB-11, Spirotox method–the study of temperature dependences of Spirostomum ambiguum lifetime to characterize the biological activity of the studied compounds. Results: The substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O is an amorphous yellowish powder, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, freely soluble in N, N-dimethylformamide, and practically insoluble in n-hexane. A study of the elemental composition has confirmed the authenticity of H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O. Comparison of the spectral characteristics of H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O and Rim•HCl by IR spectroscopy and UV spectrometry confirmed the authenticity of the substance. The racemic form of the substance Rim•HCl with an insignificant amount of impurity of the levorotatory enantiomer was proved polarimetrically: α =-0.0126±0.0003 (1% aqueous solution, 20±0.5 °С). The specific optical rotation of 1% aqueous solution H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O . In 1% ethanol solution -10.32±0.12. Using the method of laser light diffraction for a substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O, the dimensional spectra «fraction of particles, %-d, μm» were characterized, the maximum of which in hexane is in the region of 40–50 μm. Arrhenius’s kinetics on the Spirotox model established statistically significant differences in ligand-receptor interactions, which are characterized by values of observed apparent activation energy °bsEa, kJ/mol: 132.36±1.55 for H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O and 176.15±0.48 for Rim•HCl. Conclusion: The developed set of methods for assessment of physical and chemical properties and biological activity of a new antiviral substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O is the basis for establish of regulatory documentation

Case report of Sagliker syndrome in a young patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism and chronic renal failure

Sagliker syndrome is a rare complication of renal osteodystrophy, characterized by severe skeletal and cranium deformities, neurologic and soft tissue abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism. This article reports a 29-year-old female patient with end-stage CRF after 9 years of hemodialysis. She had severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperplasia of three parathyroid glands and cranium and skeletal bone structure deformation. The first changes appeared after 4 years of therapy with peritoneal dialysis. They included uglifying face appearances, short stature, severe maxillary changes, chest deformity. During the examination we revealed severe tomographical and X-ray changes: maxillary and mandibular hyperplasia, temporomandibular articulation changes, affected cheekbones, sphenoid bone and bones of the cranial vault, fingertip changes, vertebral body compression. Although surgical parathyroidectomy was effective at biochemical abnormalities, severe bone deformities were not regressed. This case highlights the importance of clinicians attention for early monitoring and appropriate treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage CRF

Comparative analysis of the DNA isolated from thyme leaves using different methods

Background. The base for a molecular analysis is DNA of high quality. For DNA isolation, different kits or classical methods are used. For mass analysis, isolation with kits is a very expensive process. So, the objective of our investigation was to find a cheap method for high-quality DNA isolation from leaves of various thyme cultivars.Materials and methods. Leaves cut from thyme accessions (Thymus mastichina L. cv. ‘Svetliachok’, T. striatus Vahl. cv. ‘Jubileiniy’, T. vulgaris L. cv. ‘Fantasia’, and T. vulgaris cv. ‘Jalos’.) maintained ex situ in the collection of the Nikita Botanical Gardens were used as the material for the analysis. Light microscopy was used to study leaf anatomy and localize essential oil on leaf cross sections. Essential oil was extracted on Ginsberg devices, and phenolic content was measured with The Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent (FCR). Commercial kits (DiamondDNATM, PureLink® Plant Total DNA Purification Kit) and classical methods (CTAB, CTAB with 2% polyvinylpyrrolidone) were used for DNA isolation. DNA quality was evaluated spectrophotometrically, with electrophoresis (horizontal, automated system Agilent 4200 TapeStation) and PCR.Results. The analysis showed that the leaf blade mesophyll of four thyme cultivars had inclusions with essential oil. The content of essential oil and phenolic compounds was measured biochemically. Since the plants were characterized by the presence of secondary metabolites, DNA was isolated by different methods. Spectrophotometry demonstrated that the classical CTAB method and CTAB with 2% PVP provided the best results. Using an automated electrophoresis system, the presence of high-molecularweight DNA (more than 52000 bp) in significant amounts was detected in the samples isolated with DiamondDNATM kit and CTAB + 2% PVP.Conclusion. Among the tested kits and methods, CTAB + 2% PVP provided thyme DNA suitable for PCR and, presumably, for genome library preparation. The low cost of reagents for this technique makes it applicable for future mass analysis of plant material

A comparison of statistical methods for assessing winter wheat grain yield stability

The multitude of existing methods for assessing the phenotypic stability of plants makes breeders be faced with the problem of choosing an appropriate variant. The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of analyzing the genotype x environment interaction and, on their basis, assess the stability of the yield of 7 varieties of winter wheat. The article compares 17 stability statistics by applying them to data obtained from agrotechnical experiments carried in 2009-2011 for evaluating the grain yield of 7 varieties of winter common wheat of Siberian selection (Novosibirskaya 32, Novosibirskaya 40, Novosibirskaya 51, Novosibirskaya 3, Novosibirskaya 2, Obskaya winter, Omskaya 6). Analysis of variance revealed a significant (p < 0.001) genotype x environment interaction in the experiments, which indicates a different reaction of genotypes to changes in environmental conditions. Genotypes were ranked according to the level of stability. Based on the analysis of the rank correlation matrix, the stability statistics were categorized in five groups. Recommendations were made on which group of methods to use depending on the objectives of the study. In the case when the goal of breeding research is the selection of the most biologically stable varieties with the minimum variance across a range of environments, one should use the methods of the static concept. If it is necessary to choose a genotype with a predictable reaction to changes of environmental conditions, corresponding to the calculated level or forecast, the regression approach is the most appropriate. The stability statistics generally identified Novosibirskaya 32 as the most stable variety from a biological point of view. The regression approach showed that Novosibirskaya 3 was the genotype with the smallest deviation from mean yield in all environments, while methods accessing the contribution of each genotype to the genotype x environment interaction defined Novosibirskaya 51 as the most stable variety

Treatment of severe idiopathic hypoparathyroidism: a case report

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder characterized by parathyroid hormone (PTH) insufficiency, the development of hypocalcemia and alteration of bone tissue remodeling. The goal of treatment is to normalize the indicators of calcium-phosphorus metabolism and leveling of clinical manifestations. Standard treatment of hypoparathyroidism consists of oral calcium and active forms of vitamin D, in doses necessary to maintain calcium levels at the lower limit of the reference interval. Nevertheless, treatment of the disease exerts certain difficulties in clinical practice. At the same time, compensation of the hypoparathyroidism is necessary to prevent ectopic calcification. Daily subcutaneous delivery of PTH (184) and PTH (134) has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool. However, its use should be restricted to patients insufficiently controlled with the standard treatment with active vitamin D and calcium. We present a clinical case of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism with severe clinical presentation of hypocalcaemia and ectopic calcification. Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is a consequence of autoimmune destruction of the parathyroid glands and is exhibited by excluding all known causes of hypoparathyroidism. PTH (134) treatment allowed reducing the dose of calcium and vitamin D and achieving compensation of the disease

History of aviation physiology

Relevance. In studying the history of medical and biological disciplines, an important part is the identification of the stages of their formation and development. In this regard, it seems important to make a historical and scientific analytical review of the development of ideas about aviation physiology, covering different stages of the history of science and reflecting the contribution of researchers from different regions. It will be useful for teaching historical and scientific and special disciplines, as well as for researchers involved in the study of aviation physiology. The need to understand how the human body functions in flight arose along with the development of aeronautics. The study is devoted to the analysis of the main stages in the development of aviation physiology. The purpose of the study - to characterize the stages of formation and development of aviation physiology. Research methods. In preparing this publication, articles in publications included in the RSCI, PubMed, and Scopus were mainly used. Preference was given to materials published in the last 15 years. The main results present the stages of development of aviation physiology with a description of the contribution of the main researchers in this field. The achievements of domestic scientists, doctors, physiologists I.M. Sechenov, L.A. Orbeli, G.M. Zarakovsky are analyzed, their scientific priorities in the development of this scientific direction are presented. The process of formation and development of aviation physiology as a direction of biomedical knowledge is presented. Before the advent of aviation (19th century), hypoxia was studied in the study of balloon flights. With the advent of high-speed and maneuverable aircraft, aviation physiology began to study the body’s response to overloads caused by highly maneuverable flights. Conclusion . The development of aviation physiology can be divided into two stages. 1. Pre-aviation, within which the emergence of this area of medico-biological knowledge takes place. 2. Aviation, at this stage scientists have the opportunity to study different multidirectional overloads and their effect on the human body. Currently, aviation physiology is one of the important branches of physiology, aviation and space medicine

Sclerostin antibodies as novel anabolic therapy for osteoporosis

Osteoporosis medications are dividedinto two groups: those inhibiting bone resorption and formation (bisphosphonates and denosumab), and those stimulating bone formation i.e. having an anabolic effect. The latter include teriparatide, parathyroid hormone 1-84 and abaloparatide, all of which stimulate bone resorption as well as bone formation, which limits their anabolic effect. The discovery of sclerostin the key inhibitor of bone formation has led to development of the concept that inhibition of this protein could stimulate bone formation. Romosozumab is a human monoclonal antibody to sclerostin that binds to sclerostin and enables Wnt-signaling pathway ligands and their co-receptors to interact with each other, which, in turn, leads to increased bone formation and bone mineral density. Unlike classical anabolic drugs in osteoporosis treatment, romosozumab stimulates bone formation and inhibits bone resorption. In clinical trials, romosozumab showed marked increase in lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density. Presented article contains information about pre-clinical and clinical studies of romosozumab