9 research outputs found
ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ
The article deals with the issues of normative and methodological support of radiation survey of buildings and structures to be demolished. It is noted that with the intensive growth of construction of dwellings and public buildings in large cities, former industrial territories with a significant number of facilities to be demolished are being included into the development zone. The radiation monitoring and sorting of industrial waste generated after the demolition of buildings is not feasible in practice. The expediency of radiation survey of buildings and structures to be demolished at the stage preceding their dismantling, as well as the need to develop and approve at the federal level the methodology of its implementation is substantiated. Recommendations for the assessment of radiation safety indicators of buildings and structures to be demolished are given. It is shown that if the value of ambient equivalent gamma dose rate in the buildings and structures to be demolished does not exceed 0.6 ΞΌSv/h, industrial waste generated after demolition of buildings and structures and containing only natural radionuclides are not a subject to any restrictions related to the radiation factor, since the value of effective activity concentration of natural radionuclides is guaranteed not to exceed 1500 Bq/kg and therefore the waste is classified as Category I in accordance with the Basic sanitary rules for the provision of radiation safety (OSPORB 99/2010).Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ° Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΆΡ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ 0,6 ΠΌΠΊΠΠ²/Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ° Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π³Π°ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠΈΡ 1500 ΠΠΊ/ΠΊΠ³ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ 1 ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π 99/2010
ΠΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π§Π°ΡΡΡ 1: Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ
The paper presents results of a comprehensive radiation survey conducted in 2019 in six districts of the eastern part of the Orenburg region in 37 settlements with previously found elevated levels of activity concentration of natural radionuclides in tap water from groundwater sources of drinking water supply. The survey included measurements of indoor radon concentrations and EEC in residential and public buildings, as well as measurements of ambient dose equivalent rate of gamma radiation indoors and outdoors. The survey revealed that annual average indoor radon EEC in many residential buildings in 23 settlements and public buildings in 25 settlements exceeded the hygienic norm (action level) of 200 Bq/m3 adopted in Russia for existing buildings. The highest values of annual average indoor radon EEC were obtained in residential buildings in Novovinnitskoe (1242 Bq/m3), Bratslavka (987 Bq/m3) and Anikhovka (942 Bq/m3) in Adamovsky district, and in public buildings in Kvarkeno (2291 Bq/m3) in Kvarkensky district, Karabutak (1114 Bq/m3) and Novovinnitskoe (923 Bq/m3) in Adamovsky district. The established hygienic norms in terms of ambient dose equivalent rate indoors and outdoors were not exceeded in the surveyed settlements. Results of the survey showed that the main reason for high indoor radon concentrations in residential and public buildings in the settlements of the eastern part of the Orenburg region is not related to the usage of tap water from groundwater sources of drinking water supply with elevated levels of activity concentration of natural radionuclides.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² 2019 Π³. Π² 6 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π² 37 Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² 23 Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² 25 Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ 200 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅, Ρ. ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠ°, Ρ. ΠΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 1242, 987 ΠΈ 942 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3 ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ; Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ: Π² Ρ. ΠΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅Π½ΠΎ β 2291 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3, Π² Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π±ΡΡΠ°ΠΊ β 1114 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3, Π² Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ β 923 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3. ΠΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ c ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
The relationship between Sjogrenβs syndrome, systemic sclerosis and lymphoproliferative diseases
Despite the large number of studies devoted to the study of systemic sclerosis (SSc), the high risk of developing lymphomas in this disease, the relationship of their development with certain subtypes of SSc and specific SSc-associated autoantibodies is still debated in the literature.
Aim.To study demographic, clinical, laboratory and immunological characteristics of patients with a combination of primary Sjogrens syndrome (pSS) and SSc and diagnosed lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs); to characterize morphological/immunomorphological variants and course of non-Hodgkins lymphomas (NHL), developing in patients with these rheumatic diseases (RDs).
Materials and methods.In 19982018 at the Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, 13 patients with clinical and laboratory manifestations of pSS (12) and SSc (13) were diagnosed with various lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs). In 3 cases, an induced RD was observed: 1 case of a diffuse, rapidly progressive form of SSc, 2 cases of pSS in combination with a limited form of SSc after chemotherapy and radiation therapy of Hodgkins lymphoma (1), B-cell NHL (1) and CR of the breast (1) respectively. The first 2 cases were excluded from the analysis, since the development of lymphomas is not pathogenetically associated with RD.
Results.Of 11 patients with LPDs, 10 after a long course of RDs were diagnosed with NHL [MALT lymphoma of the parotid salivary glands 7, disseminated MALT lymphoma 2, disseminated MALT lymphoma with transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) 1]. RDs debuted with Raynauds phenomenon (RP) in 64.5% and pSS manifestations in 45.5% of patients. Stomatological manifestations of pSS were characterized by recurrent parotitis in 36%, significant parotid gland enlargement with massive infiltration of labial salivary glands (focus score 4) in 100%, severe xerostomia in 70%, extraglandular manifestations and lymphadenopathy in 50% of patients. The course of the SSc was characterized by mild RP with various types of capillaroscopic changes and mild lung changes and non-significant progression during long-term follow-up (median 22 years). The entire spectrum of SSΡ specific antibodies (anticentromere antibodies 60%, antibodies to ribonucleoprotease III 30%, Pm/Scl 10%), excepting antibodies to topoisomerase I, as well as pSS specific autoantibodies (antiRo/La 70%, RF (rheumatoid factor) 90%), were detected in patients with a combination of these RDs.
Conclusion.pSS is often combined with a limited form of SSc regardless of the type of autoantibodies detected. The presence of pSS, rather than SSc, is a high-risk factor for the development of NHL in this group of patients. The patients with pSS and SSc are characterized by a steady progression of pSS with a slow and mild course of SSc throughout the observation period. The development of severe stomatological manifestations and high immunological activity of pSS contribute to the development of localized MALT lymphomas (70%) and disseminated MALT lymphomas (30%) with primary lesions of the salivary glands and transformation into DLBCL in case of their late diagnosis. The optimal method for preventing the development of NHL in this group of patients is the early diagnosis of pSS, the appointment of alkylating cytotoxic agents and/or anti-B-cell therapy in the early stages of pSS. Given the possibility of transformation of localized NHL into DLBCL, for early diagnosis, minimally invasive surgical biopsies of significantly enlarged parotid salivary glands should be performed before glucocorticoids are prescribed. Detection of positive B-cell clonality and lymphoepithelial lesions in the parotid salivary gland is considered a predictor of MALT lymphoma development during follow-up. Localized and disseminated MALT lymphomas in patients with pSS and SSc respond well to therapy, in contrast to MALT lymphomas transformed into DLBCL
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
The paper presents data on indoor radon concentrations in the buildings of children institutions in a number of regions of the Russian Federation. The results of detailed radon surveys in 132 buildings of children institutions in 85 settlements of six districts of the Leningrad Region conducted in 2018-2020 were analyzed. In 14 buildings of children institutions in the Leningrad region (10.5% of all surveyed buildings) the hygienic limit on the indoor radon EEC was exceeded, the maximum measured value of radon concentration in the premises of children institutions reached 2200 Bq/m3. It seems appropriate to extend the experience of cooperation between the Directorate of the Rospotrebnadzor for the Leningrad Region and the Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev in conducting detailed radon surveys in children institutions on other regions of the Russian Federation that face problems with indoor radon.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ 132 Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² 85 Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
6 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² 2018β2020 Π³Π³. Π 14 Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ (10,5% ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ) Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 2200 ΠΠΊ/ΠΌ3. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π.Π. Π Π°ΠΌΠ·Π°Π΅Π²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ