Demographics of HIV-infected persons attending a dental clinic

The demographics of 147 HIV-infected persons attending a special care dental clinic in South West England are reported. The majority of attendants were homosexual/bisexual males, reflecting the UK epidemiology of HIV disease at the time of study. There was a substantial rise in patient numbers from 1988 onwards but patients often did not reveal their route of HIV acquisition or increasingly had acquired HIV disease via heterosexual routes. Patients were usually referred for routine dental treatment, not HIV-related oral disease. The HIV-infected patients generally attended the clinic irregularly, despite being offered many appointments. It is concluded that most patients with HIV disease attend clinics for routine dental care, yet many may be unable or unwilling to attend regularly

Towards secure distance bounding

Abstract. Relay attacks (and, more generally, man-in-the-middle attacks) are a serious threat against many access control and payment schemes. In this work, we present distance-bounding protocols, how these can deter relay attacks, and the security models formalizing these protocols. We show several pitfalls making existing protocols insecure (or at least, vulnerable, in some cases). Then, we introduce the SKI protocol which enjoys resistance to all popular attack-models and features provable security. As far as we know, this is the first protocol with such all-encompassing security guarantees. 1 Why Distance-Bounding? It is well known that a chess beginner can win against a chess grand-master easily by defeating two grand-masters concurrently, taking different colors in both games, and relaying the move of one master to the other. This is a pure relay attack where two masters play against each other while each of them thinks he is playing against a beginner. In real life, relay attacks find applications in access control. For instance, a car wit