Pyrimido[1,2-a]-purin-10(3H)-one, M(1)G, is less prone to artifact than base oxidation

Pyrimido[1,2-a]-purin-10(3H)-one (M(1)G) is a secondary DNA damage product arising from primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage to membrane lipids or deoxyribose. The present study investigated conditions that might lead to artifactual formation or loss of M(1)G during DNA isolation. The addition of antioxidants, DNA isolation at low temperature or non-phenol extraction methods had no statistically significant effect on the number of M(1)G adducts measured in either control or positive control tissue samples. The number of M(1)G adducts in nuclear DNA isolated from brain, liver, kidney, pancreas, lung and heart of control male rats were 0.8, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1, 1.8 and 4.2 M(1)G/10(8) nt, respectively. In rat liver tissue, the mitochondrial DNA contained a 2-fold greater number of M(1)G adducts compared with nuclear DNA. Overall, the results from this study demonstrated that measuring M(1)G is a reliable way to assess oxidative DNA damage because the number of M(1)G adducts is significantly affected by the amount of ROS production, but not by DNA isolation procedures. In addition, this study confirmed that the background number of M(1)G adducts reported in genomic DNA could have been overestimated by one to three orders of magnitude in previous reports

Manifestos

31 pages. A Great Bear Pamphlet; no. 8. CONTENTS : Word power / Alison Knowles -- Answers to manifesto puzzle -- Rainbow manifesto / Ay-o -- Western civilization is done with ... / Philip Corner -- Manifesto of the W.E.B. DuBois Clubs -- Take care of the world / Oyvind Fahlström -- A proposition, a problem, a danger and a hunch / Robert Filliou -- We hold ... / John Giorno -- Manifesto / [Robert Watts] -- Lettuce manifesto / Al Hansen -- A Something Else manifesto / Dick Higgins -- Once, the task of the artist was ... / Allan Kaprow -- Cybernated art is very important ... ; Utopian laser TV station / Nam June Paik -- And I open my mouth ... / Diter Rot -- Program / Jerome Rothenberg -- Instead of bombs ... / Wolf Vostell -- abeeiillmmmsttwy / [Emmett Williams]. Stapled binding. Gift of Richard Liebler. 2nd copy gift of Estera Milman, RISD Class of 1970. Estera Milman (RISD BFA Painting/Printmaking and Film, 1970) scholar of post-World War II avant-garde art. Founded Alternative Traditions in Contemporary Art (ATCA) at the University of Iowa, 1982, and served as its director until 2000. She is the author of many books, articles, interviews, and exhibition catalogs on Fluxus and No!art. In December 2018 she donated a selection of books from her library to the Fleet Library at RISD. Curated title for Fleet Library Special Collections exhibition By Hand: Women & Books Exhibit fall, 2021.https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/specialcollections_artistsbooks/1253/thumbnail.jp

Prevalence of Neurological Manifestations of Lung Cancer among Adult Sudanese Patients

The objective: is to study the prevalence of neurological manifestations among adults Sudanese patients with lung cancer seen in the Radiation and Isotope Centre in Khartoum.Methods: This is a prospective cross sectional hospital based study, conducted at Radiation and Isotope Centre in Khartoum. Sample of 52 adults Sudanese patients with lung cancer were included in the study. The period of the study was from February 2006 to July 2006. Data were collected by self administered questionnaire; this was constructed in sections to address the different aspects of the study as follows: personal data, presentation, physical examination, and investigations.The results: showed that 41 patients were males. Most of the patients were above 50 years of age. Fifty percent of our patients’ were from Khartoum state. All of our patients had chest findings except one. The most common symptoms observed were of cranial nerves involvement, headache, limb weakness, numbness, and sphincteric disturbance. More than half of the patients were smokers. Other extrapulmonary manifestations noticed include: clubbing, lymph node enlargement, bone metastasis or fracture, gynaecomastia, superior vena cava obstruction, hepatomegaly, and ascites. Chest X-ray abnormalities showed pleural effusion, consolidation, hilar lymphadenopthy, collapsed lung, and fibrosis in the majority of patients. Most of our patients had adenocarcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.Conclusion: The common neurological manifestations of lung cancer were found to be cranial nerves palsies, followed by lower limbs weakness, numbness, and sphincteric disturbances.Key words: Cerebellar, numbness, neuropathy, convulsion

A model of toxic neuropathy in Drosophila reveals a role for MORN4 in promoting axonal degeneration

Axonal degeneration is a molecular self-destruction cascade initiated following traumatic, toxic, and metabolic insults. Its mechanism underlies a number of disorders including hereditary and diabetic neuropathies and the neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Molecules that promote axonal degeneration could represent potential targets for therapy. To identify such molecules, we designed a screening platform based on intoxication of Drosophila larvae with paclitaxel (taxol), a chemotherapeutic agent that causes neuropathy in cancer patients. In Drosophila, taxol treatment causes swelling, fragmentation, and loss of axons in larval peripheral nerves. This axonal loss is not due to apoptosis of neurons. Taxol-induced axonal degeneration in Drosophila shares molecular execution mechanisms with vertebrates, including inhibition by both NMNAT (nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase) expression and loss of wallenda/DLK (dual leucine zipper kinase). In a pilot RNAi-based screen we found that knockdown of retinophilin (rtp), which encodes a MORN (membrane occupation and recognition nexus) repeat-containing protein, protects axons from degeneration in the presence of taxol. Loss-of-function mutants of rtp replicate this axonal protection. Knockdown of rtp also delays axonal degeneration in severed olfactory axons. We demonstrate that the mouse ortholog of rtp, MORN4, promotes axonal degeneration in mouse sensory axons following axotomy, illustrating conservation of function. Hence, this new model can identify evolutionarily conserved genes that promote axonal degeneration, and so could identify candidate therapeutic targets for a wide-range of axonopathies

Подання розв’язків плоских задач теорії пружності для прямокутної області через функції Вігака

The paper presents the generalization of the direct integration method for the governing equations of the basic elasticity problems for the bounded domains with corner points. An important stage in the realization of the method is the representation of the unknown stress-tensor components via the key functions. The selection of these functions is motivated by some specific features of the problems and thus was regarded as a weakest part of the solution algorithm. Herein, we suggest an universal approach for the selection of the key functions, which we started to call the Vihak functions (to honor Prof. Vasyl M. Vihak, the founder and developer of the direct integration method) by using the integral relationships derived from the equilibrium equations. The approach is illustrated by the solution of a plane elasticity problem for an elastic rectangle. The relationship between Vihak’s function for the considered problem and the classical biharmonic Airy stress function is shown. Pages of the article in the issue: 123 - 126 Language of the article: UkrainianУзагальнено використання методу безпосереднього інтегрування ключових рівнянь основних задач теорії пружності для обмежених областей з кутовими точками. Важливим етапом реалізації методу є подання шуканих компонент тензора напружень через визначальні функції, вибір яких суттєво залежить від специфіки задачі, а тому вважається найслабшою ланкою алгоритму побудови розв’язку. У роботі наведено універсальний підхід до вибору визначальних функцій, названих авторами функціями Вігака (на честь основоположника та розробника методу безпосереднього інтегрування, професора Василя Михайловича Вігака), з використанням інтегральних співвідношень, отриманих на основі рівнянь рівноваги. Застосування підходу проілюстровано на прикладі плоскої задачі теорії пружності для прямокутної області. Показано зв'язок функції Вігака для розглянутої задачі з класичною бігармонічною функцією напружень Ері

Decomposing the rural–urban gap in factors associated with childhood immunisation in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from surveys in 23 countries

Background: About 31 million children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) suffer from immunisation preventable diseases yearly and more than half a million children die because of lack of access to immunisation. Immunisation coverage has stagnated at 72% in SSA over the past 6 years. Due to evidence that full immunisation of children may be determined by place of residence, this study aimed at investigating the rural–urban differential in full childhood immunisation in SSA. Methods: The data used for this study consisted of 26 241 children pooled from 23 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2018 in SSA. We performed a Poisson regression analysis with robust Standard Errors (SEs) to determine the factors associated with full immunisation status for rural and urban children. Likewise, a multivariate decomposition analysis for non-linear response model was used to examine the contribution of the covariates to the observed rural and urban differential in full childhood immunisation. All analyses were performed using Stata software V.15.0 and associations with a p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: More than half of children in urban settings were fully immunised (52.8%) while 59.3% of rural residents were not fully immunised. In all, 76.5% of rural–urban variation in full immunisation was attributable to differences in child and maternal characteristics. Household wealth was an important component contributing to the rural–urban gap. Specifically, richest wealth status substantially accounted for immunisation disparity (35.7%). First and sixth birth orders contributed 7.3% and 14.9%, respectively, towards the disparity while 7.9% of the disparity was attributable to distance to health facility. Conclusion: This study has emphasised the rural–urban disparity in childhood immunisation, with children in the urban settings more likely to complete immunisation. Subregional, national and community-level interventions to obviate this disparity should target children in rural settings, those from poor households and women who have difficulties in accessing healthcare facilities due to distance

A study of microbial analysis of fresh fruits and vegetables, in Sagamu markets South-West, Nigeria

Raw and minimally processed fruits and vegetables are essential parts of diets of people around the world. However, these food items have consistently served as vehicles for human diseases worldwide. This study was aimed at determining the microbiological quality of fresh fruits and vegetables sold at Sagamu markets, Ogun state, Nigeria. Twenty different samples of fruits and vegetables were randomly purchased from ten various vendors in Shagamu market, Ogun State, Nigeria. Aerobic plate counts, total coliform counts, yeast, mold counts and antimicrobial susceptibility study using were determined using standard microbiological methods. In Fruits, the isolation rate of Bacillus specie was predominant (44.1%), followed by Klebsiella species (44.0%) while in vegetables, the prevalent rates of 38.3% and 14.4% were respectively recorded by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species. Malassezia species and Aspergillus species were the only fungal isolates obtained from the fruits and vegetables. Aspergillus species were predominant in vegetables, with a frequency of 13.3% while both Malassezia and Aspergillus species were observed almost at the same frequently of 24.1% and 24.4% in fruits respectively. This study showed that fruits and vegetable were contaminated with potential food borne pathogens with varying degree of antibiotic resistance thus suggesting that they could act as a vehicle for the dissemination of antibiotic resistant organisms as well as serve as a reservoir of food borne pathogens of public health significance.Keywords: Micro flora, fresh fruits and vegetables, antibiotics resistanc

State and Prospects for the Development of the Modern System of Public Administration of the Republic of Tajikistan

In this study, the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan has been analyzed and studied since the period of independence and the creation of a new political system with national characteristics of the 90s of the last century. The processes of formation, development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies are analyzed and shown. The public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan is in a state of transition and a number of important activities have been completed at this stage. First of all, the construction of a new political system of society and its gradual improvement and development are one of the important research issues.Aim. The main purpose of the study is to determine the role of the «National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030» in strengthening the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan.Tasks. Highlight the results and strategies in the development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies.Methods. With the help of logical and comparative methods, determine the results of the reform and political transformation of the public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan.Results. This important document shows the prospects for sustainable development of Tajikistan as a whole. The new strategy covers all spheres of public life, reforms in the field of public administration are one of its main points. Measures in the direction of the public administration system are taking into account the real life of the country and the requirements of the time, their implementation is aimed at a new level and quality of life for citizens in the country. The development of all sectors, including the economy, social and culture, largely depends on an effective system of public administration.Conclusions. In this regard, its reform is timely and makes it possible to turn the Republic of Tajikistan from an agro-industrial country into an industrial-agrarian one. characteristics of the 90s of the last century. The processes of formation, development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies are analyzed and shown. The public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan is in a state of transition and a number of important activities have been completed at this stage. First of all, the construction of a new political system of society and its gradual improvement and development are one of the important research issues. Aim. The main purpose of the study is to determine the role of the «National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030» in strengthening the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan. Tasks. Highlight the results and strategies in the development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies. Methods. With the help of logical and comparative methods, determine the results of the reform and political transformation of the public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan. Results. This important document shows the prospects for sustainable development of Tajikistan as a whole. The new strategy covers all spheres of public life, reforms in the field of public administration are one of its main points. Measures in the direction of the public administration system are taking into account the real life of the country and the requirements of the time, their implementation is aimed at a new level and quality of life for citizens in the country. The development of all sectors, including the economy, social and culture, largely depends on an effective system of public administration. Conclusions. In this regard, its reform is timely and makes it possible to turn the Republic of Tajikistan from an agro-industrial country into an industrial-agrarian one