7 research outputs found
Assessment of Digital Elevation Model for Digital Soil Mapping in a Watershed with Gently Undulating Topography
The evolution of technology for materials processing over the last 50 years: The automotive example
Crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae) in flowering plants in a Brazilian "Cerrado" ecosystem
SpiderâPlant Interactions: An Ecological Approach
Spiders are among the most common animals in diverse terrestrial environments, and display a variety of lifestyles and foraging modes. This chapter represents an overview of our knowledge of spiderâplant interactions. Spiders are strongly influenced by plant architecture, rather than being randomly distributed in the vegetation; structures such as rosette-shaped clusters of leaves or glandular trichomes are particularly common in plants that have associations with spiders. Spiders derive benefits from plants such as shelter and access to insect prey. In turn, they can protect plants against herbivory. However, they may also consume or deter pollinators, imposing a cost that can exceed their benefit to the plant. Specific spiderâplant associations are mutualistic if spiders provide protective or nutritional benefits, thus improving plant fitness, and if plants provide shelter and suitable foraging sites to spiders. We examine several case studies of spiders living in association with plants, and describe spatial/temporal adaptations in spiderâplant relationships