186 research outputs found
Modernization of government management in empires of new time: comparative political analysis
The article deals with the issues related to the modernization of public administration in the imperial states of modern times. Russian, British and Ottoman empires as states implementing various strategies of modernization and improvement of public administration were chosen as examples. The success of modernization reforms of the administration is one of the essential conditions for maintaining stability and development of the imperial political system, formalizing the domination of the center in relation to the periphery. The Ottoman Empire failed to implement the policy of modernization of public administration in a timely and consistent manner. The British Empire was combined the strategies of centralization and decentralization of state management of its overseas colonies. The Russian Empire - a special imperial system -implemented, within the framework of the unitary state, the principle of centralization of the system of management, but its implementation in the development of the central bureaucratic apparatus of the empire was limited by the autocratic monarchy. At the same time, the Russian Empire was flexible in terms of differentiation of the management approaches. The article substantiates the conclusion that the imperial administration was an expression of centripetal political processes in the imperial system provided them and was an expression of the political power of the center which has an autocratic character in relation to the periphery. The processes associated with the administration of the Empire are concentrated in its center and implemented in addition to the will of the periphery. In institutional terms, the center of the empire is represented by general imperial authorities and management, in functional terms, the imperial power has exclusive administrative prerogatives associated with the concentration of resources of power and their distribution over the imperial hierarchy. The differentiation of administrative approaches shows the administrative and political specificity of the empire-state. In general the modernization of management empire became a significant factor in allowing the empire to most effectively carry out the concentration of political resources
Synthesis and Characterization of Organic Impurities in Bortezomib Anhydride Produced by a Convergent Technology
A profile of impurities in bortezomib anhydride, produced by a recently developed convergent technology, has been characterized. HPLC-MS analysis of the drug essence revealed three impurities: an epimer of bortezomib, resulting from partial racemization of l-phenylalanine’s stereogenic center during the chemical synthesis, and two epimeric products of oxidative degradation of bortezomib, in which boron is replaced by the OH group. The impurities were obtained by chemical synthesis and characterized by physical methods
Collapses and revivals of polarization and radiation intensity induced by strong exciton-vibron coupling
Recently, systems with strong coupling between electronic and vibrational
degrees of freedom attract a great attention. In this work, we consider the
transient dynamics of the system consisting of strongly coupled vibron and
exciton driven by external monochromatic field. We show that under coherent
pumping, polarization of exciton exhibits complex quantum dynamics which can be
divided into three stages. At the first stage, exciton oscillations at its
eigenfrequency relax due to the transition to set of shifted Fock states of
vibrons. We demonstrate that these shifted Fock states play the role of an
effective reservoir for the excited exciton state. The time of relaxation to
this reservoir depends on exciton-vibron coupling. At the second stage,
excitation, transferred to the reservoir of the vibronic shifted states at the
first stage, returns into electronic degrees of freedom and revival of
oscillations at exciton eigenfrequency appears. Thus, the dynamics of molecular
polarization exhibit collapses and revivals. At the final stage, these
collapses and revivals dissipate and polarization exhibits Rayleigh response at
the frequency of the external field. Discovered collapses and revivals manifest
in radiation spectrum as multiple splitting of the spectral line near the
exciton transition frequency
Continuous selections of multivalued mappings
This survey covers in our opinion the most important results in the theory of
continuous selections of multivalued mappings (approximately) from 2002 through
2012. It extends and continues our previous such survey which appeared in
Recent Progress in General Topology, II, which was published in 2002. In
comparison, our present survey considers more restricted and specific areas of
mathematics. Note that we do not consider the theory of selectors (i.e.
continuous choices of elements from subsets of topological spaces) since this
topics is covered by another survey in this volume
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