UTB SOI SRAM cell stability under the influence of intrinsic parameter fluctuation

Intrinsic parameter fluctuations steadily increases with CMOS technology scaling. Around the 90nm technology node, such fluctuations will eliminate much of the available noise margin in SRAM based on conventional MOSFETs. Ultra thin body (UTB) SOI MOSFETs are expected to replace conventional MOSFETs for integrated memory applications due to superior electrostatic integrity and better resistant to some of the sources of intrinsic parameter fluctuations. To fully realise the performance benefits of UTB SOI based SRAM cells a statistical circuit simulation methodology which can fully capture intrinsic parameter fluctuation information into the compact model is developed. The impact on 6T SRAM static noise margin characteristics of discrete random dopants in the source/drain regions and body-thickness variations has been investigated for well scaled devices with physical channel length in the range of 10nm to 5nm. A comparison with the behaviour of a 6T SRAM based on a conventional 35nm MOSFET is also presented

Impact of random dopant induced fluctuations on sub-15nm UTB SOI 6T SRAM cells

The CMOS scaling increases the impact of intrinsic parameter fluctuation on the yield and functionality of SRAM. A statistical circuit simulation framework which can fully capture intrinsic parameter fluctuation information into the compact model has been developed. The impact of discrete random dopants in the source and drain regions on 6T SRAM cells has been investigated for well scaled ultra thin body (UTB) SOI MOSFETs with physical channel length in the range of 10nm to 5nm

Operation of reheat steam temperature control concept in sub critical boiler: operational review practices and methodology

In subcritical boilers, spray water system and feed water flow are applied to control the superheated steam temperature. Meanwhile, for reheat steam temperature control, many methods are being adopted namely burner tilt, gas recirculation, and excess air and steam bypass as primary control and feed water is envisaged as an emergency control. In a large boiler operation, the boiler is operated in sliding pressure mode the cold reheat steam temperature is higher compared to constant pressure operation. To ensure the correct temperature control for reheat steam with high pressure, the right method and sufficient mechanism operating the boiler is required. In fact, spray is not used for reheat steam temperature control because the boilers are designed for constant pressure operation since the spray quantity required will be large for an impact on plant heat rate. The boilers used for this study were operated under sliding pressure mode; hence, reheat steam temperature control by spray is a common practice in subcritical boiler operations. This paper dealt with the advantages and disadvantages of using spray by looking at boiler performance for RH steam temperature control in lieu of other control mechanisms

Conductivity Study on Plasticized Solid bio-electrolytes CMC-NH4Br and Application in Solid-state Proton Batteries

This paper present the development of plasticized solid bio-electrolytes (PSBs) which has been accomplished by incorporating various composition of plasticizer namely ethylene carbonate (EC) with carboxy methylcellulose doped NH4Br via solution casting method. The plasticized polymer–salt ionic conduction of PSBs has been analyzed by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Plasticization using EC in PSBs system assists the enhancement of NH4Br dissociation and therefore increases the protonation process in the system. The highest ionic conductivity obtained for CMC−NH4Br containing with 25 wt. % NH4Br was achieved at 1.12 x 10-4 Scm-1 and improved to 3.31 x 10-3 Scm-1 when EC was added in PSBs system. The ionic conductivity-temperature for PSBs system was found to obey the Arrhenius relationships where the ionic conductivity increases with temperature. The solid-state proton batteries were assembled with the formation of Zn + ZnSO4.7H2O || highest conducting PSBs system || MnO2 and achieve with a maximum open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.48 V at room temperature and showed good in rechargeablity performance with more than 10 cycles

Identifikasi Fasad Arsitektur Tropis pada Gedung-gedung Perkantoran Jakarta (Studi Kasus pada Koridor Dukuh Atas-semanggi)

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi kondisi Jalan Jenderal Sudirman di Jakarta yang merupakan jalan protokol dan menjadi salah satu landmark ibukota Republik Indonesia. Jalan Jenderal Sudirman adalah jalan protokol yang terkenal banyak menjadi tempat berdirinya gedung-gedung tinggi, sehingga dapat dikatakan menjadi brandimage jika ingin mengetahui perkembangan konsep dan desain gedung tinggi di Indonesia.Tampilan bentuk gedung tinggi di kawasan ini yang sangat variatif menjadisalah satu alasan kenapa topik ini diangkat menjadi topik penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi elemen-elemen arsitektur tropis pada fasad gedunggedung perkantoran jalan Jenderal Sudirman yang rata-rata memiliki tipikal fasad minimalis , studi kasus pada Koridor Dukuh Atas-Semanggi. Metoda Penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metoda kualitatif diskriptif yang dalam pelaksanaannya diawali dengan kegiatan survei lapangan atau pengamatan/ observasi dan didukung dengan studi literatur. Sedangkan obyek penelitian adalah fasad pada gedung-gedung kantor sepanjang jalan Jendral Sudirman terbatas pada koridor Dukuh Atas-Semanggi dengan menjabarkan fasad secara umum, dan fasad secara khusus dengan mengambil satu unit gedung dengan kriteria tertentu sebagaisample penelitian. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa tampilan fasad gedunggedung cenderung memakai fasad minimalis tanpa ada variasi kecuali sedikit untuk menyesuaikan dengan konsep fasad minimalis yang berada di wilayah iklim tropis

In Vivo Study of CORAGRAF: A Preliminary Results.

Natural coral is a bone graft substitute, which has been widely used' in maxillofacial, orthopaedic, ORL and periodontal surgery