1,122 research outputs found
A systematic search for lensed high-redshift galaxies in HST images of MACS clusters
International audienceWe present the results of a 135-arcmin 2 search for high-redshift galaxies lensed by 29 clusters from the MAssive Cluster and extended MAssive Cluster Surveys. We use relatively shallow images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope in four passbands, namely, F606W, F814W, F110W, and F140W. We identify 130 F814W dropouts as candidates for galaxies at z 6. In order to fit the available broad-band photometry to galaxy spectral energy distribution (SED) templates, we develop a prior for the level of dust extinction at various redshifts. We also investigate the systematic biases incurred by the use of SED-fit software. The fits we obtain yield an estimate of 20 Lyman-break galaxies with photometric redshifts from z ⌠7 to 9. In addition, our survey has identified over 100 candidates with a significant probability of being lower redshift (z ⌠2) interlopers. We conclude that even as few as four broad-band filters â when combined with fitting the SEDs â are capable of isolating promising objects. Such surveys thus allow one both to probe the bright end (M 1500 â19) of the high-redshift ultraviolet luminosity function and to identify candidate massive evolved galaxies at lower redshifts
Diagnostic Medical Errors: Patient\u27s Perspectives on a Pervasive Problem
Introduction. The Institute of Medicine defines diagnostic error as the failure to establish an accurate or timely explanation for the patient\u27s health problem(s), or effectively communicate the explanation to the patient. To our knowledge, no studies exist characterizing diagnostic error from patient perspectives using this definition.
Objective. We sought to characterize diagnostic errors experienced by patients and describe patient perspectives on causes, impacts, and prevention strategies.
Methods. We screened 77 adult inpatients at University of Vermont Medical Center and conducted 27 structured interviews with patients who experienced diagnostic error in the past five years. We performed qualitative analysis using Grounded Theory.
Results. In the past five years, 39% of interviewed patients experienced diagnostic error. The errors mapped to the following categories: accuracy (30%), communication (34%) and timeliness (36%). Poor communication (13 responses) and inadequate time with doctors (7) were the most identified causes of errors. Impacts of errors included emotional distress (17 responses), adverse health outcomes (7) and impaired activities of daily living (6). Patients suggested improved communication (11 responses), clinical management (7) and access to doctors (5) as prevention strategies. For communication, patients rated talk to your doctor highest (mean 8.4, on 1-10 Likert scale) and text message lowest (4.8).
Conclusions/Recommendations. Diagnostic errors are common and have dramatic impact on patients\u27 well-being. We suggest routine surveillance to identify errors, support for patients who have experienced errors, and implementation of patient and provider checklists to enhance communication. Future studies should investigate strategies to allow care providers adequate time with patients.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1246/thumbnail.jp
Influence of a Feshbach resonance on the photoassociation of LiCs
We analyse the formation of ultracold 7Li133Cs molecules in the rovibrational
ground state through photoassociation into the B1Pi state, which has recently
been reported [J. Deiglmayr et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 133004 (2008)].
Absolute rate constants for photoassociation at large detunings from the atomic
asymptote are determined and are found to be surprisingly large. The
photoassociation process is modeled using a full coupled-channel calculation
for the continuum state, taking all relevant hyperfine states into account. The
enhancement of the photoassociation rate is found to be caused by an `echo' of
the triplet component in the singlet component of the scattering wave function
at the inner turning point of the lowest triplet a3Sigma+ potential. This
perturbation can be ascribed to the existence of a broad Feshbach resonance at
low scattering energies. Our results elucidate the important role of couplings
in the scattering wave function for the formation of deeply bound ground state
molecules via photoassociation.Comment: Added Erratum, 20 pages, 9 figure
STM Simulation of Molecules on Ultrathin Insulating Overlayers Using Tight-Binding: Au-Pentacene on NaCl bilayer on Cu
We present a fast and efficient tight-binding (TB) method for simulating
scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of adsorbate molecules on ultrathin
insulating films. Due to the electronic decoupling of the molecule from the
metal surface caused by the presence of the insulating overlayer, the STM
images of the frontier molecular orbitals can be simulated using a very
efficient scheme, which also enables the analysis of phase shifts in the STM
current. Au-pentacene complex adsorbed on a NaCl bilayer on Cu substrate
provides an intricate model system, which has been previously studied both
experimentally and theoretically. Our calculations indicate that the
complicated shape of the molecular orbitals may cause multivalued constant
current surfaces -- leading to ambiguity of the STM image. The results obtained
using the TB method are found to be consistent with both DFT calculations and
experimental data.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figure
A filled duration illusion in music: Effects of metrical subdivision on the perception and production of beat tempo.
This study replicates and extends previous findings suggesting that metrical
subdivision slows the perceived beat tempo (Repp, 2008). Here, musically trained participants produced the
subdivisions themselves and were found to speed up, thus compensating for the
perceived slowing. This was shown in a synchronization-continuation paradigm
(Experiment 1) and in a reproduction task (Experiment 2a). Participants also
judged the tempo of a subdivided sequence as being slower than that of a
preceding simple beat sequence (Experiment 2b). Experiment 2 also included
nonmusician participants, with similar results. Tempo measurements of famous
pianistsâ recordings of two variation movements from Beethoven sonatas revealed
a strong tendency to play the first variation (subdivided beats) faster than the
theme (mostly simple beats). A similar tendency was found in musiciansâ
laboratory performances of a simple theme and variations, despite instruc-tions
to keep the tempo constant (Experiment 3a). When playing melodic sequences in
which only one of three beats per measure was subdivided, musicians tended to
play these beats faster and to perceive them as longer than adjacent beats, and
they played the whole sequence faster than a sequence without any subdivisions
(Experiments 3b and 3c). The results amply demonstrate a filled duration
illusion in rhythm perception and music performance: Intervals
containing events seem longer than empty intervals and thus must be shortened to
be perceived as equal in duration
Implication of the overlap representation for modelling generalized parton distributions
Based on a field theoretically inspired model of light-cone wave functions,
we derive valence-like generalized parton distributions and their double
distributions from the wave function overlap in the parton number conserved
s-channel. The parton number changing contributions in the t-channel are
restored from duality. In our construction constraints of positivity and
polynomiality are simultaneously satisfied and it also implies a model
dependent relation between generalized parton distributions and transverse
momentum dependent parton distribution functions. The model predicts that the
t-behavior of resulting hadronic amplitudes depends on the Bjorken variable
x_Bj. We also propose an improved ansatz for double distributions that embeds
this property.Comment: 15 pages, 8 eps figure
- âŠ